ศอก
sɔ̀ɔkMeanings
1NounA2
elbow (body part)
The joint between the upper arm and the forearm.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเจ็บjèpเจ็บjèp1sore; painful2[to] hurt; be in pain3hurt (emotionally)4injuredศอกsɔ̀ɔkศอกsɔ̀ɔk1elbow (body part)2[to] strike with the elbow3cubit (traditional unit)4classifier: cubitsหลังจากlǎng-jàakหลังจากlǎng-jàak1after; subsequent to (time)2after; once (clause)ล้มlómล้มlóm1to fall; topple2to collapse; fail3[to] knock down; fell4[to] cancel; scrap; scuttle5[to] overthrow; topple
He hurts his elbow after falling.
3 more examplesShow less
Yesterday I banged my elbow on the table and it hurt a lot.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiหมอmɔ̌ɔนัดnátตรวจdtrùuatศอกsɔ̀ɔkของkɔ̌ɔngเธอtəəเพราะprɔ́สงสัยsǒng-sǎiว่าwâaอาจàatอักเสบàk-sèep
Tomorrow the doctor will check her elbow because it might be inflamed.
นักเทนนิสnák ten-nítมักmákมีmeeอาการaa-gaanเจ็บjèpที่têeเส้นเอ็นsên enบริเวณbo-rí-waynศอกsòkจากjàakการใช้งานgaan chái ngaanซ้ำๆsám-sám
Tennis players often have pain in the tendons around the elbow from repetitive use.
2VerbB1
[to] strike with the elbow
To hit or strike someone with the elbow, especially in fighting.
Examples
บนbonบนbon1on; upon; in; above2upper; top3[to] vow (at a shrine)รถไฟrót faiรถไฟrót fai1train2railway; rail serviceแน่นnâenแน่นnâen1tight; secure; firm2crowded; packed3uncomfortably full; bloated; tight4solid; reliable; certain (figurative)มากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousเขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillต้องdtôngต้องdtông1must; have to2must; bound toศอกsòkศอกsòk1elbow (body part)2[to] strike with the elbow3cubit (traditional unit)4classifier: cubitsเบาbaoเบาbao1light (not heavy)2soft; quiet (of sound)3gentle; mild; light (degree/force)4easy; light (workload/effort)5[to] urinate (polite euphemism)6[to] lighten; reduce; easeๆ-เพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofขยับkà-yàpขยับkà-yàp1[to] move slightly; shift2[to] advance slightly; move up3[to] adjust; tweakเข้าใกล้kâo-glâiเข้าใกล้kâo-glâi1[to] approach [sb/sth]; come near2[to] come close to (a state/result)3[to] approach (a limit)ประตูbprà-dtuuประตูbprà-dtuu1door; gate; portal2goal (structure or score)3classifier: doors; gates; goals
The train was very crowded; he had to nudge with his elbow lightly to move closer to the door.
3 more examplesShow less
คนข้างหน้าkon-kâang-nâaไม่mâiขยับkà-yàpฉันchǎnเลยləəiศอกsɔ̀ɔkเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaแทรกsɛ̂ɛkไปbpaiซื้อsʉ́ʉบัตรbàt
The person in front wouldn’t move, so I nudged with my elbow a little to slip through and buy a ticket.
ระหว่างrá-wàangต่อคิวdtɔ̀ɔ-kiuเขาkǎoถูกtùukศอกsɔ̀ɔkซ้ายsáaiขวาkwǎaจากjàakคนkonที่tîiพยายามpá-yaa-yaamเบียดbìiatขึ้นkʉ̂nหน้าnâa
While queuing, he was elbowed from both sides by people trying to push to the front.
ในnaiช่วงลดราคาchûuang-lót-raa-kaaหนักnàkคนkonบางคนbaang-konศอกsɔ̀ɔkเปิดทางbpə̀ət-taangตัวเองdtuua-eengอย่างyàangไม่mâiเกรงใจgreeng-jaiทำให้tam-hâiบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatตึงเครียดdtʉng-krîiat
During heavy sales, some people elbow their way through without consideration, making the atmosphere tense.
3NounB2
cubit (traditional unit)
A traditional unit of length roughly equal to the length of the forearm from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger (about 45–50 cm; commonly taken as 50 cm in Thailand).
Examples
ช่างไม้châng-máaiช่างไม้châng-máaicarpenter; woodworkerวัดwátวัดwát1to measure2Buddhist temple3to gauge; assessความยาวkwaam-yaaoความยาวkwaam-yaao1length (spatial)2length; running time (temporal)แผ่นไม้pɛ̀n-máaiแผ่นไม้pɛ̀n-máai1wooden board; plank2wood sheetเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ศอกsɔ̀ɔkศอกsɔ̀ɔk1elbow (body part)2[to] strike with the elbow3cubit (traditional unit)4classifier: cubitsเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiso that; in order thatพอดีpɔɔ-diiพอดีpɔɔ-dii1just right; exactly suitable2exactly; just (in time/amount)3just enough4happen to; by chance5[to] fit exactly; be just rightกับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)6classifier: sets/pairs (spoon and fork)ขอบkɔ̀ɔpขอบkɔ̀ɔp1edge; rim; border2margin (of a page or surface)3brim (hat or container)4lip (of a container or opening)5borderline; periphery (figurative)หน้าต่างnâa-dtàangหน้าต่างnâa-dtàang1window2window (computing)
The carpenter measured the plank in cubits so it would fit the window frame.
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แม่ค้าmɛ̂ɛ-káaบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaผ้าpâaม้วนmúuanนี้níiยาวyaaoห้าhâaศอกsɔ̀ɔkซึ่งsʉ̂ngพอดีpɔɔ-diiสำหรับsǎm-ràpทำtamผ้าpâaถุงหนึ่งtǔng-nʉ̀ngผืนpʉ̌ʉn
The vendor said this roll of fabric is five cubits long, which is just right for making a sarong.
ในnaiงานngaanช่างchângโบราณboo-raanเขาkǎoมักmákกำหนดgam-nòtระยะrá-yáเป็นbpenศอกsɔ̀ɔkเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiช่างchângหลายคนlǎai-konเข้าใจkâo-jaiตรงกันdtrong-ganโดยdooiไม่ต้องmâi-dtɔ̂ngพึ่งpʉ̂ngไม้บรรทัดmáai-ban-tátมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎan
In traditional craftsmanship, distances are often set in cubits so that many artisans can agree without relying on a standard ruler.
แบบbɛ̀ɛpบ้านโบราณbâan-boo-raanระบุrá-bùความกว้างkwaam-gwâangชานchaanเรือนrʉʉanเป็นbpenแปดbpɛ̀ɛtศอกsɔ̀ɔkแสดงให้เห็นsà-dɛɛng-hâi-hěnการใช้gaan-cháiศอกsɔ̀ɔkเป็นbpenหน่วยnùuaiมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎanในnaiสมัยsà-mǎiนั้นnán
The traditional house plan specifies the porch width as eight cubits, showing the use of the cubit as a standard unit in that era.
4ClassifierB2
classifier: cubits
Classifier used for counting lengths measured in cubits (ศอกศอกsɔ̀ɔk1elbow (body part)2[to] strike with the elbow3cubit (traditional unit)4classifier: cubits).
Examples
ช่างไม้châng-máaiช่างไม้châng-máaicarpenter; woodworkerบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâa1[to] say/tell that; report/declare that2[of text/sign] say/indicate thatบันไดban-daiบันไดban-dai1stairs; staircase2ladder3stairway (figurative path upward)ขั้นkânขั้นkân1step; stair2stage; level; phase3classifier: steps/levels/stages4rank; grade; tierนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ยาวyaaoยาวyaao1long (length)2long (duration)3[to] grow long; become longerสองศอกsɔ̌ɔng-sɔ̀ɔkสองศอกsɔ̌ɔng-sɔ̀ɔktwo cubits (≈ 1 m)พอดีpɔɔ-diiพอดีpɔɔ-dii1just right; exactly suitable2exactly; just (in time/amount)3just enough4happen to; by chance5[to] fit exactly; be just right
The carpenter said this stair step is exactly two cubits long.
3 more examplesShow less
He measured the rope at three cubits before cutting it.
แม่ค้าmɛ̂ɛ-káaคิดkítราคาraa-kaaเป็นbpenผ้าpâaผืนpʉ̌ʉnละláห้าhâaศอกsɔ̀ɔkรวมทั้งruuam-tángหมดmòtสิบศอกsìp-sɔ̀ɔkจึงjʉngลดlótให้hâi
The vendor counts the cloth at five cubits per piece; since it's ten cubits in total, she gave a discount.
ช่างรับเหมาchâng-ráp-mǎoระบุrá-bùในnaiแบบว่าbɛ̀ɛp-wâaต้องdtɔ̂ngใช้cháiไม้กระดานmáai-grà-daanยาวyaaoสี่ศอกsìi-sɔ̀ɔkต่อdtɔ̀ɔแผ่นpɛ̀nเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiระยะrá-yáพอดีpɔɔ-diiกับgàpผนังpà-nǎng
The contractor specified in the plan that each plank must be four cubits long to fit the wall precisely.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ศอก said สอก?
sɔ̀ɔk
- Same-sounding letterศ sounds just like ส, so the reading uses ส.
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
sɔ̀ɔk
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |