พรูฟ
prûupMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] proof (dough)
to let bread dough rest and rise before baking.
Examples
เราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toพรูฟprûupพรูฟprûup1[to] proof (dough)2[to] proofread3a proof (test print)4[to] make a proof (print)แป้งbpɛ̂ɛngแป้งbpɛ̂ɛng1flour; starch (for cooking)2powder (cosmetic; talc)3dough; batterประมาณbprà-maanประมาณbprà-maan1approximately; about2[to] estimate; approximate3estimate (noun)4something like; along the lines of (informal)5moderate; reasonable (literary)หนึ่งnʉ̀ngหนึ่งnʉ̀ng1one (number)2a; one; a single3a certain; a particular4first; top; foremostชั่วโมงchûua-moongชั่วโมงchûua-moong1hour (60 minutes)2classifier: hours of time3lesson period; class period
We have to let the dough rise for about one hour.
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หลังจากlăng jàakนวดnûuatเสร็จsètแล้วláeoก็gâwต้องdtôngพักแป้งpák bpâengไว้wáiในnaiที่têeอุ่นๆùn ùnเพื่อpêuuaพรูฟpróopให้hâiขึ้นฟูkêun fooเป็นสองเท่าbpen sŏng tâo
After kneading is done, you have to rest the dough in a warm place to let it rise until it doubles in size.
ถ้าtâaอากาศเย็นaa-gàat-yenการgaanพรูฟprûupแป้งโดbpɛ̂ɛng-dooอาจจะàat-jàใช้เวลาchái-wee-laaนานnaanกว่าปกติgwàa-bpòk-gà-dtì
If the weather is cold, letting the dough rise might take longer than usual.
การgaanพรูฟprûupครั้งkrángที่สองtîi-sɔ̌ɔngหลังlǎngขึ้นรูปkʉ̂n-rûupขนมปังkà-nǒm-bpangเป็นbpenขั้นตอนkân-dtɔɔnสำคัญsǎm-kanที่tîiทำให้tam-hâiเนื้อnʉ́ʉaขนมปังkà-nǒm-bpangนุ่มฟูnûm-fuuและlɛ́มีmiiโพรงอากาศproong-aa-gàatที่สวยงามtîi-sǔuai-ngaam
The second proofing after shaping the bread is a crucial step that makes the bread's texture soft and fluffy with a beautiful crumb structure.
2VerbB2
[to] proofread
to read and mark corrections on a text before it is published.
Examples
บ.ก.bor gorบ.ก.bor gor1editor2bureau; division; headquartersบอกให้bòk hâiบอกให้bòk hâi[to] tell [sb] to [do sth]ฉันchănฉันchăn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)ช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]พรูฟpróopพรูฟpróop1[to] proof (dough)2[to] proofread3a proof (test print)4[to] make a proof (print)บทความbòt kwaamบทความbòt kwaamarticle; essayนี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ก่อนgònก่อนgòn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerส่งsòngส่งsòng1[to] send; dispatch2[to] submit; hand in; turn in3[to] drop off; deliver (someone/something)4[to] pass (to); feed (a ball)5[to] emit; transmit; send out6[to] escort; see off7wholesaleพิมพ์pimพิมพ์pim1[to] type; key in2[to] print (produce text/images)3print; impression4model; pattern; form5mold; die
The editor told me to help proofread this article before sending it to print.
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ก่อนจะgɔ̀ɔn-jàปิดbpìtต้นฉบับdtôn-chà-bàpเราraoต้องdtɔ̂ngพรูฟprûupงานngaanอีกรอบìik-rɔ̂ɔpเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaความแน่ใจkwaam-nɛ̂ɛ-jai
Before we finalize the manuscript, we have to proofread the work one more time just to be sure.
เขาkǎoนั่งnângพรูฟprûupต้นฉบับdtôn-chà-bàpทั้งคืนtáng-kʉʉnจนjonตาแฉะdtaa-chɛ̀เพราะprɔ́พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiต้องdtɔ̂ngส่งsòngโรงพิมพ์roong-pimแล้วlɛ́ɛo
He stayed up all night proofreading the manuscript until his eyes were sore because it has to be sent to the printing house tomorrow.
การgaanพรูฟprûupงานngaanละเอียดlá-ìiatเป็นbpenหน้าที่สำคัญnâa-tîi-sǎm-kanของkɔ̌ɔngพิสูจน์อักษรpí-sùut-àk-sɔ̌ɔnเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganความผิดพลาดkwaam-pìt-plâatในnaiสิ่งพิมพ์sìng-pim
Meticulously proofreading is an important duty of a proofreader to prevent errors in the publication.
3NounB2
a proof (test print)
a sample print or digital file used to check for errors, color, and quality before final production.
Examples
โรงพิมพ์roong-pimโรงพิมพ์roong-pim1printing house; print shop2printer (company)ส่งพรูฟsòng-prûupส่งพรูฟsòng-prûup[to] send [sb] a proof (for approval)แรกrɛ̂ɛkแรกrɛ̂ɛk1first; earliest; initial2at first; initiallyมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerให้ดูhâi-duuให้ดูhâi-duu[to] show [sb] [sth]แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)นะnáนะná1softener; friendly particle2persuasive/confirming particle3wondering particleช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]ตรวจดูdtrùuat-duuตรวจดูdtrùuat-duuto check; inspect; examineสีsǐiสีsǐi1color2paint3[to] rub; scrub; polish4flush (poker)5[to] mill; husk (rice)6[to] play (a bowed instrument)หน่อยnɔ̀iหน่อยnɔ̀i1a little; a bit2polite softener (request)
The printing house has sent the first proof for us to see. Please help check the colors.
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ฉันchǎnเจอjəəคำผิดkam-pìtในnaiพรูฟprûupที่สองtîi-sɔ̌ɔngเลยləəiต้องdtɔ̂ngโทรบอกtoo-bɔ̀ɔkกราฟิกgraa-fìkให้hâiแก้ด่วนgɛ̂ɛ-dùuan
I found a typo on the second proof, so I had to call the graphic designer to fix it urgently.
ลูกค้าlûuk-káaยังyangไม่อนุมัติmâi-à-nú-mátพรูฟprûupนี้níiเพราะprɔ́สีsǐiยังyangเพี้ยนpíianจากที่jàak-tîiออกแบบɔ̀ɔk-bɛ̀ɛpไว้wáiในnaiคอมพิวเตอร์kɔm-piu-dtə̂ə
The client hasn't approved this proof yet because the color is still different from what was designed on the computer.
การเปรียบเทียบgaan-bprìiap-tîiapสีsǐiระหว่างrá-wàangพรูฟดิจิทัลprûup-dì-jì-tanกับgàpพรูฟprûupกระดาษgrà-dàatมีmiiความสำคัญkwaam-sǎm-kanอย่างยิ่งyàang-yîngเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiได้dâaiผลงานpǒn-ngaanที่tîiตรงdtrongตามความต้องการdtaam-kwaam-dtɔ̂ng-gaanมากที่สุดmâak-tîi-sùt
Comparing the colors between the digital proof and the paper proof is extremely important to ensure the final work meets the requirements as closely as possible.
4VerbB2
[to] make a proof (print)
to produce a test print or sample for checking before final production.
Examples
เดี๋ยวdǐiaoเดี๋ยวdǐiao1soon; in a moment2for a moment; briefly; one moment3wait! just a moment4otherwise; or else (colloq.)5alternating; now … now …ผมpǒmผมpǒm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)พรูฟprûupพรูฟprûup1[to] proof (dough)2[to] proofread3a proof (test print)4[to] make a proof (print)งานออกแบบngaan-ɔ̀ɔk-bɛ̀ɛpงานออกแบบngaan-ɔ̀ɔk-bɛ̀ɛpdesign; design workหน้าปกnâa-bpòkหน้าปกnâa-bpòk1front cover2cover imageให้ดูhâi-duuให้ดูhâi-duu[to] show [sb] [sth]ก่อนนะgɔ̀ɔn-náก่อนนะgɔ̀ɔn-náfirst (polite); used on leaving ('I'll go first')ครับkrápครับkráppolite particle (male speaker)
I will produce a proof of the cover design for you to look at first.
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เราraoต้องdtôngพรูฟpróopสีsĕeหลายๆlăai lăaiรอบrôpกว่าจะgwàa jàได้dâiสีsĕeที่têeลูกค้าlûuk-káaพอใจpo jai
We had to produce color proofs several times before we got the color that satisfied the client.
โรงพิมพ์roong-pimคิดkítค่าทำพรูฟงานkâa-tam-prûup-ngaanเพิ่มpə̂əmถ้าtâaต้องการdtɔ̂ng-gaanดูduuตัวอย่างdtuua-yàangสีพิเศษsǐi-pí-sèetบนbonกระดาษจริงgrà-dàat-jing
The printing house charges extra to produce a proof if you want to see a sample of a special color on the actual paper.
กระบวนการgrà-buuan-gaanทำพรูฟtam-prûupงานพิมพ์ngaan-pimในปัจจุบันnai-bpàt-jù-banรวดเร็วrûuat-reoกว่าgwàaสมัยก่อนsà-mǎi-gɔ̀ɔnมากmâakเนื่องจากnʉ̂ʉang-jàakมีmiiเทคโนโลยีดิจิทัลték-noo-loo-yii-dì-jì-tâlเข้ามาkâo-maaช่วยchûuai
The process of producing a print proof nowadays is much faster than in the past, due to the help of digital technology.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster พร, the first consonant พ sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableLong vowelEnds in -ฟ, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
prûup
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Long vowel → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |