บอด
bɔ̀ɔtMeanings
1AdjectiveA2
blind; sightless
Unable to see; lacking the sense of sight.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillบอดbɔ̀ɔtบอดbɔ̀ɔt1blind; sightless2[to] be blind; [to] go blind3defective; nonfunctional; dud4fruitless; ineffectiveตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛfrom; since (starting point)เด็กdèkเด็กdèk1child; kid2young; not yet grown up3young person (informal)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderไม้เท้าขาวmáai-táao-kǎaoไม้เท้าขาวmáai-táao-kǎaowhite cane (for the visually impaired)เดินdəənเดินdəən1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] proceed; go; move along3[to] run; operate (machine/system)4[to] run; operate; keep running
He has been blind since childhood and uses a white cane to walk.
3 more examplesShow less
This dog is blind in one eye, but it can still run and play.
ปู่bpùuเริ่มrə̂əmบอดbɔ̀ɔtมากขึ้นmâak-kʉ̂nต้องมีdtɔ̂ng-miiคนkonพาไปpaa-bpaiโรงพยาบาลroong-pá-yaa-baan
Grandfather is becoming more blind and needs someone to take him to the hospital.
เธอtəəมองไม่เห็นmɔɔng-mâi-hěnสีsǐiและlɛ́เกือบgʉ̀ʉapบอดbɔ̀ɔtสนิทsà-nìtแต่dtɛ̀ɛก็gɔ̂ฝึกใช้fʉ̀k-cháiโปรแกรมbproo-grɛɛmอ่านàanหน้าจอnâa-jɔɔได้dâaiคล่องklɔ̂ɔng
She cannot see colors and is almost completely blind, yet she has become adept at using a screen reader.
2VerbB1
[to] be blind; [to] go blind
To be without sight, or to lose the ability to see.
Examples
หลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: bed; bed-like platform6CL: building; house; structureอุบัติเหตุù-bàt-dtì-hèetอุบัติเหตุù-bàt-dtì-hèetaccident; mishapเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillมองmɔɔngมองmɔɔng1[to] look at2[to] watch; observe3[to] view; regard; considerอะไรà-raiอะไรà-rai1what2what; what kind of (modifier)3something; anything (unspecified)4what? (interjection of surprise/confusion)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)เห็นhěnเห็นhěn1[to] see2[to] notice; [to] realize; [to] find (that)3[to] think; [to] be of the opinion4[to] consider; [to] regard asและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)เริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toบอดbɔ̀ɔtบอดbɔ̀ɔt1blind; sightless2[to] be blind; [to] go blind3defective; nonfunctional; dud4fruitless; ineffectiveทีละtii-láทีละtii-láone at a time; each; perข้างkâangข้างkâang1side; flank2beside; next to; by3classifier: sides; paired parts4side; party (in a dispute or game)5side; lateral (modifier)
After the accident, he couldn't see anything and began to go blind in one eye at a time.
3 more examplesShow less
Grandma gradually went blind and had to rely on a cane and a guide dog.
หมอmɔ̌ɔบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaโรคตาrôok-dtaaทำให้tam-hâiเขาkǎoเสี่ยงsìiangบอดbɔ̀ɔtถ้าtâaไม่mâiรักษาrák-sǎaอย่างต่อเนื่องyàang-dtɔ̀ɔ-nʉ̂ʉang
The doctor said his eye condition could make him go blind if he doesn’t continue treatment.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàบอดbɔ̀ɔtสนิทsà-nìtเธอtəəยังyangฝึกfʉ̀kอ่านàanอักษรเบรลล์àk-sɔ̌ɔn-breenและlɛ́ใช้cháiแอปช่วยɛ́p-chûuaiเสียงsǐiangเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaทำงานtam-ngaanต่อdtɔ̀ɔได้dâai
Even though completely blind, she learned Braille and used voice-assist apps to keep working.
3AdjectiveB2
defective; nonfunctional; dud
Failing to function as intended, as ammunition that fails to fire or explode, or photographic film ruined by exposure to light.
Examples
รูปrûupรูปrûup1picture; photo; image2shape; form; figure3physique; body shape4statue; sculpted image; figure5grammatical formที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerอัดàtอัดàt1[to] compress; press tightly2[to] cram; stuff in3[to] record (audio/video)4[to] print (photos)5[to] beat up; hit hard (infml.)6[to] apply/lay on thickออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maa1[to] come out; emerge2[to] be released; be made public3[to] turn out; end up4[to] come forward; speak outหลายlǎaiหลายlǎai1many; several2very; very much; a lot (Isan)ใบbaiใบbai1leaf2sheet; slip; card; ticket; bill; receipt3classifier for leaves, paper items, containers, and certain other objects4license; permit; certificate5bladeบอดbɔ̀ɔtบอดbɔ̀ɔt1blind; sightless2[to] be blind; [to] go blind3defective; nonfunctional; dud4fruitless; ineffectiveเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingฟิล์มfiimฟิล์มfiim1protective film; plastic film2film; movie3film (photosensitive material)โดนdoonโดนdoon1[to] get; be subjected to (passive, often negative)2[to] be hit; be struck; be affected3[to] hit the mark; be spot on (slang/colloq.)แสงsɛ̌ɛngแสงsɛ̌ɛng1light2ray; beam
Many of the developed photos came out blank because the film was exposed to light.
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เสียงsǐiangในnaiคลิปklípบอดbɔ̀ɔtไปbpaiทั้งtángช่วงแรกchûuang-rɛ̂ɛkเพราะprɔ́ไมค์máiไม่ได้mâi-dâaiอัดàt
The audio in the clip is empty during the first part because the mic didn’t record.
ตลับdtà-làpปริ๊นต์bprínที่tîiซื้อsʉ́ʉมาเป็นmaa-bpenของkɔ̌ɔngบอดbɔ̀ɔtไม่มีmâi-miiหมึกmʉ̀kอยู่yùuข้างในkâang-naiเลยləəi
The cartridge we bought was an empty dud; there was no ink inside at all.
ข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunจากjàakกล้องวงจรปิดglɔ̂ng-wong-jɔɔn-bpìtช่วงchûuangเหตุการณ์hèet-gaanบอดbɔ̀ɔtไฟล์faiดูย้อนหลังduu-yɔ́ɔn-lǎngไม่ได้mâi-dâai
The CCTV footage files during the incident are blank and cannot be reviewed.
4AdjectiveB2
fruitless; ineffective
Failing to produce a result; without effect.
Examples
พยายามpá-yaa-yaamพยายามpá-yaa-yaam[to] try; attemptไกล่เกลี่ยglài-glìiaไกล่เกลี่ยglài-glìia1[to] mediate; conciliate2mediation; conciliationทั้งวันtáng-wanทั้งวันtáng-wanall day; the whole dayก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)5to; towardบอดbɔ̀ɔtบอดbɔ̀ɔt1blind; sightless2[to] be blind; [to] go blind3defective; nonfunctional; dud4fruitless; ineffectiveไม่ได้mâi-dâaiไม่ได้mâi-dâai1cannot; not allowed; impossible2did not3[to] fail to get/receive [sth]4unacceptable; not allowed (won’t do)5No way!; absolutely not6not really/actually (corrective)ข้อสรุปkɔ̂ɔ-sà-rùpข้อสรุปkɔ̂ɔ-sà-rùp1conclusion; inference; finding2final decision; agreed conclusion
We tried to mediate all day, but it was fruitless; no conclusion was reached.
3 more examplesShow less
The first round of promotions failed to produce results; it didn't attract any new customers.
ยิงyingโฆษณาkoo-sà-naaไปเป็นbpai-bpenหมื่นmʉ̀ʉnก็gɔ̂ยังyangบอดbɔ̀ɔtเพราะprɔ́กลุ่มเป้าหมายglùm-bpâo-mǎaiไม่ตรงmâi-dtrong
We spent tens of thousands on ads and still got nothing because the target audience was off.
ความพยายามkwaam-pá-yaa-yaamเรียกประชุมrîiak-bprà-chumฉุกเฉินchùk-chə̌ənบอดbɔ̀ɔtหมดmòtเนื่องจากnʉ̂ʉang-jàakไม่มีmâi-miiใครkraiครบองค์ประชุมkróp-ong-bprà-chum
All attempts to convene an emergency meeting were to no effect, as there was never a quorum.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ด, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
bɔ̀ɔt
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |