หมา
mǎaMeanings
1NounA1
dog
A dog; a domesticated canine animal kept as a pet, for guarding, or for work. Informal/colloquial; more formal: สุนัขสุนัขsù-nákdog (formal).
Examples
ที่บ้านtîi-bâanที่บ้านtîi-bâan1at home; at one’s residence2one’s family; people at homeมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoหมาmǎaหมาmǎa1dog2dog (insult)ตัวหนึ่งdtuua-nʉ̀ngตัวหนึ่งdtuua-nʉ̀ng1one (of them); a certain one2one (classifier ‘ตัว’)
There is one dog at home.
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The dog is running and playing in the garden.
Yesterday I took the dog to the vet.
2NounB1
dog (insult)
A derogatory term when used to insult a person (impolite).
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillด่าdàaด่าdàa1[to] scold; reprimand2[to] insult; curse atฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeไอ้âiไอ้âi1derogatory prefix (male-referencing)2this/that damn… (insulting)3familiar prefix (coarse, colloq.)หมาmǎaหมาmǎa1dog2dog (insult)ตอนdtɔɔnตอนdtɔɔn1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; period5classifier for sections, chapters, or episodesทะเลาะกันtá-lɔ́-ganทะเลาะกันtá-lɔ́-gan[to] argue; quarrel (with each other)
He cursed me, calling me a dog, when we argued.
3 more examplesShow less
อย่าyàaไปbpaiเรียกrîiakเขาkǎoว่าwâaหมาmǎaเลยləəiมันmanเสียsǐiaมารยาทmaa-rá-yâatและlɛ́ทำร้ายtam-ráaiความรู้สึกkwaam-rúu-sʉ̀k
Don't call him a dog; it's rude and hurtful.
เธอtəəโกรธgròotมากmâakจนเผลอjon-plə̌əหลุดlùtคำว่าkam-wâaหมาmǎaใส่sàiเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanทำให้tam-hâiบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatแย่ลงyɛ̂ɛ-longทันทีtan-tii
She was so angry that she blurted out “dog” at her friend, which ruined the mood immediately.
การใช้คำgaan-chái-kamว่าwâaหมาmǎaดูถูกduu-tùukคนอื่นkon-ʉ̀ʉnสะท้อนsà-tɔ́ɔnทัศนคติtát-sà-ná-ká-dtìหยาบคายyàap-kaaiและlɛ́อาจàatทำให้tam-hâiความสัมพันธ์kwaam-sǎm-panพังทลายpang-tá-laai
Using the word 'dog' to insult others reflects coarse attitudes and can destroy relationships.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh classLeading หA silent ห before ม puts this syllable in high class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableA long vowel with no final consonant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
mǎa
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |