ดุล
dunMeanings
1NounB2
balance; equilibrium; (accounting) balance
a state of balance or equilibrium; also the balance in accounts or trade (e.g., trade balance)
Examples
เศรษฐกิจsèet-tà-gìtเศรษฐกิจsèet-tà-gìt1economy2economic conditions; the economyต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toรักษาrák-sǎaรักษาrák-sǎa1[to] treat; cure2[to] preserve; maintain; keep3[to] guard; look after; protect4[to] keep (a promise/law); observe5[to] hold (a position); serve asดุลdunดุลdun1balance; equilibrium; (accounting) balance2balanced; in equilibrium3to balance; to equilibrateระหว่างrá-wàangระหว่างrá-wàang1between; among2during3interval; in-between timeการเติบโตgaan-dtə̀əp-dtooการเติบโตgaan-dtə̀əp-dtoo1growth; expansion; increase2personal growth; maturationกับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)6classifier: sets/pairs (spoon and fork)ความยั่งยืนkwaam-yâng-yʉʉnความยั่งยืนkwaam-yâng-yʉʉn1sustainability2long-term continuity; enduring viability
The economy must maintain a balance between growth and sustainability.
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ปีนี้bpii-níiประเทศbprà-têetมีmiiดุลdunการค้าgaan-káaเกินgəənดุลdunเพราะprɔ́ส่งออกsòng-ɔ̀ɔkมากกว่าmâak-gwàaนำเข้าnam-kâo
This year the country has a trade surplus because exports exceed imports.
เพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiดุลบัญชีdun-ban-chiiไม่ติดmâi-dtìtลบlópรัฐบาลrát-tà-baanจึงjʉngเร่งrêngดึงdʉngการลงทุนgaan-long-tunจากjàakต่างชาติdtàang-châat
To keep the balance of accounts from going negative, the government is expediting foreign investment.
ธนาคารกลางtá-naa-kaan glaangติดตามdtìt dtaamดุลdunการชำระเงินgaan cham-rá ngernอย่างใกล้ชิดyàang glâi chítเพราะpráwกระทบgrà-tópค่าเงินkâa ngernและláeเสถียรภาพsà-tĭian-pâapการเงินgaan-ngern
The central bank closely monitors the balance of payments because it affects the currency and financial stability.
2AdjectiveB2
balanced; in equilibrium
being in a state of balance or equilibrium
Examples
ชิงช้าching-cháaชิงช้าching-cháaswing (playground)ตัวdtuuaตัวdtuua1body; self; person (colloq.)2classifier: animals, garments, furniture, certain items; people (informal)3character; figureนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ตั้งdtângตั้งdtâng1[to] place upright; stand; erect2as much as; as many as3[to] set up; establish; found4[to] appoint; nominate5[to] set; fix (value, rule, goal)6stack; pile; bundle7[to] aim; focus (eyes, mind)8[to] allocate; earmark (funds)9classifier: stacks; pilesบนพื้นดินbon-pʉ́ʉn-dinบนพื้นดินbon-pʉ́ʉn-din1on the ground; on land2ground-based; terrestrial; land-basedเรียบrîiapเรียบrîiap1smooth; even; flat2plain; unadorned3neat; orderly; trim4completely; all gone5quiet; subdued (tone/style)6[to] be smooth; be even; lie flatเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedดุลdunดุลdun1balance; equilibrium; (accounting) balance2balanced; in equilibrium3to balance; to equilibrateดีdiiดีdii1good; of good quality2kind; virtuous3well; nicely4gall; bileไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)เอนeenเอนeen1[to] lean; tilt2[to] recline; lie back slightly3inclined; slantedข้างkâangข้างkâang1side; flank2beside; next to; by3side; party (in a dispute or game)4side; lateral (modifier)ไหนnǎiไหนnǎi1which (asking to choose)2which one; which person/thing3where (question)4any; whichever (in indefinite constructions)
This swing is set on a flat ground, so it's balanced and doesn't tilt to either side.
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เธอtəəพยายามpá-yaa-yaamจัดjàtแจกันjɛɛ-ganให้ดอกhâi-dɔ̀ɔkไม้máaiดุลdunไม่mâiเอนeenล้มlómเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaมีmiiลมlomพัดpát
She tries to arrange the vase so the flowers stay in balance and don't topple when the wind blows.
พอpɔɔเพิ่มน้ำหนักpə̂əm-nám-nàkอีกìikนิดnítเก้าอี้gâo-îiตัวdtuuaนี้níiก็gɔ̂เริ่มrə̂əmดุลdunระดับrá-dàpแรงrɛɛngกดกระจายgòt-grà-jaaiเท่ากันtâo-ganพอดีpɔɔ-dii
After adding a bit more weight, this chair became balanced, with the pressure evenly distributed.
นักยิมนาสติกnák-yim-nâat-dtìkยืนyʉʉnบนbonคานkaanอย่างyàangดุลdunคุมkumศูนย์sǔunถ่วงtùuangได้ดีdâai-diiแม้mɛ́ɛมีmiiเสียงดังsǐiang-dangรอบข้างrɔ̂ɔp-kâang
The gymnast stands on the beam in balance, controlling her center of gravity well despite the surrounding noise.
3VerbC1
to balance; to equilibrate
to bring into or keep in balance (formal/technical)
Examples
วิศวกรwít-sà-wá-gɔɔnวิศวกรwít-sà-wá-gɔɔnengineerปรับbpràpปรับbpràp1[to] adjust; modify2[to] adapt; acclimatize3[to] fine; impose a fineน้ำหนักnám-nàkน้ำหนักnám-nàk1weight (mass/heaviness)2importance; significance3emphasis; stressถ่วงtùuangถ่วงtùuang1[to] weigh down2[to] slow down; hold back3[to] balance (with weight)เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofดุลdunดุลdun1balance; equilibrium; (accounting) balance2balanced; in equilibrium3to balance; to equilibrateใบพัดbai-pátใบพัดbai-pát1propeller2fan blade; propeller bladeให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)หมุนmǔnหมุนmǔn1[to] turn; rotate; spin2[to] twist; screw (by turning)3[to] circulate; rotate (usage/roles)4rotating; revolving5[to] manage cash flow; scrape together moneyได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerเรียบrîiapเรียบrîiap1smooth; even; flat2plain; unadorned3neat; orderly; trim4completely; all gone5quiet; subdued (tone/style)6[to] be smooth; be even; lie flat
The engineer adjusted the counterweights to balance the rotor so it spins smoothly.
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นักเศรษฐศาสตร์nák-sèet-tà-sàatเสนอsà-nə̌əเครื่องมือkrʉ̂ʉang-mʉʉการเงินgaan-ngənเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaดุลdunระบบrá-bòpให้hâiเสถียรsà-tǐianในnaiภาวะpaa-wáผันผวนpǎn-pǔuan
Economists proposed financial instruments to balance the system for stability during volatility.
คณะทำงานká-ná-tam-ngaanต้องdtɔ̂ngดุลdunผลประโยชน์pǒn-bprà-yòotของkɔ̌ɔngผู้มีส่วนได้ส่วนเสียpûu-mii-sùuan-dâai-sùuan-sǐiaหลายฝ่ายlǎai-fàaiโดยdooiไม่ลำเอียงmâi-lam-iiang
The task force must balance the interests of multiple stakeholders without bias.
เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaดุลอุปสงค์dun-ù-bpà-sǒngกับgàpอุปทานù-bpà-taanหน่วยงานnùuai-ngaanกำกับgam-gàpใช้cháiมาตรการmâat-dtrà-gaanเชิงโครงสร้างchəəng-kroong-sâangควบคู่กับkûuap-kûu-gàpนโยบายná-yoo-baaiการคลังgaan-klang
To balance demand and supply, the regulator uses structural measures alongside fiscal policy.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ล, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dun
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |