โดยที่(doy têe)
Meanings
1ConjunctionB1
without [sb] doing [sth]
introduces a clause—often with ไม่ไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)/ไม่ได้ไม่ได้mâi dâai1cannot; not allowed; impossible2did not3[to] fail to get/receive [sth]4unacceptable; not allowed (won’t do)5No way!; absolutely not6not really/actually (corrective)—showing that one action happens without [sb] doing another action
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเดินdernเดินdern1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] run; operate (machine/system)3[to] proceed; go; move along4[to] start; initiate (process/plan)ออกจากòk jàakออกจากòk jàak1[to] leave; exit; depart from2from; out of (after a verb)ห้องhôngห้องhông1room2classifier: roomsไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3(aspect) continuation into the future4gone; past (serial verb use)โดยที่doy têeโดยที่doy têe1without [sb] doing [sth]2whereby; such that; with the condition that (formal)3whereas (formal/legal)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)พูดpôotพูดpôot1[to] speak; talk2[to] say; speak3[to] tell; talk aboutอะไรà-raiอะไรà-rai1what2which; what (modifier)3something; anything (unspecified)4what? (interjection of surprise/confusion)สักsàkสักsàk1teak2[to] tattoo3about; approximately4any; even (a little); at all5[classifier] treeคำkamคำkam1word; term2speech; saying; utterance3classifier for words/utterances
He walked out of the room without saying a single word.
2ConjunctionB2
whereby; such that; with the condition that (formal)
links two clauses to show the manner or condition under which something happens; similar to 'whereby' or 'such that' in formal/written Thai
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillออกแบบòk bàepออกแบบòk bàep1[to] design; plan2design (discipline or result)ระบบrá-bòpระบบrá-bòp1system; organized method2arrangement; orderใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)โดยที่doy têeโดยที่doy têe1without [sb] doing [sth]2whereby; such that; with the condition that (formal)3whereas (formal/legal)ข้อมูลkôr moonข้อมูลkôr moon1data (computing)2information; data (non-count)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3then; would (result in conditionals)ถูกtòokถูกtòok1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3proper; morally right4to be correct/right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6by (passive marker)บันทึกอัตโนมัติban-téuk àt-dtà-noh-mátบันทึกอัตโนมัติban-téuk àt-dtà-noh-mát1automatic saving or recording2[to] save or record automaticallyทุกtúkทุกtúk1every; each2every (interval/frequency)ชั่วโมงchûua-mohngชั่วโมงchûua-mohng1hour (60 minutes)2classifier: hours of time
He designed a new system whereby the data is automatically saved every hour.
3ConjunctionC2
whereas (formal/legal)
used at the start of laws, announcements, or other official texts to state reasons or premises
Examples
โดยที่doy têeโดยที่doy têe1without [sb] doing [sth]2whereby; such that; with the condition that (formal)3whereas (formal/legal)พายุไต้ฝุ่นpaa-yú dtâi-fùnพายุไต้ฝุ่นpaa-yú dtâi-fùntyphoonกำลังจะgam-lang jàกำลังจะgam-lang jàabout to (imminent future)เคลื่อนตัวklêuuan dtuuaเคลื่อนตัวklêuuan dtuua1[to] move; start moving; get underway2[to] shift/advance (of a system or mass)เข้าใกล้kâo-glâiเข้าใกล้kâo-glâi1[to] approach [sb/sth]; come near2[to] come close to (a state/result)3[to] approach (a limit)จึงjeungจึงjeung1therefore; so; thus2only then; then (as a result)ขอkŏrขอkŏr1[to] request; ask for [sth]2[to] beg; plead3[to] wish for; pray for4polite request markerประกาศbprà-gàatประกาศbprà-gàat1[to] announce; declare2announcement; notice3proclamation; decree4[to] proclaim; promulgate (form.)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] have [sb] do; cause to3for (benefit of)4so that; in order to5until; to the point that (result)6[to] allow; let; permitงดngótงดngót1[to] refrain; abstain (from)2[to] suspend; cancel; cease (temporarily)การจัดกิจกรรมgaan jàt gìt-jà-gamการจัดกิจกรรมgaan jàt gìt-jà-gamorganizing and conducting activities; event managementกลางแจ้งglaang jâengกลางแจ้งglaang jâeng1outdoors; out in the open2outdoor; open-airทั้งหมดtáng mòtทั้งหมดtáng mòt1all; entire; whole2all; in total; completely3the whole; everything
Given that the typhoon is approaching, it is hereby announced that all outdoor activities are to be canceled.
Related Words
Word Breakdown
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โดยที่doy têeโดยที่doy têewithout [sb] doing [sth]