ถม

tǒm

Meanings

1VerbB1

[to] fill (with earth; landfill)

to fill an area with soil, sand, or other material, especially to raise the ground level or reclaim land

Examples

3 more examples
2AdjectiveB2

abundant; in abundance

existing in great quantity; plentiful (often in set phrases like มีถมไป)

Examples

3 more examples
3AdjectiveB2

niello; nielloware

A black compound inlaid into engraved metal, especially silver or gold, to create decorative designs; also metalware decorated by this technique.

Examples

3 more examples
4VerbB2

[to] heap up; pile up

to accumulate or pile into a heap, often of soil, sand, or similar material; to heap up

Examples

3 more examples

Tones

See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.

How the tone is decided

  1. Consonant classHigh class
  2. Tone markNo tone mark
  3. Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ม, a sonorant, so it is live.

High class consonants

ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห

Result

Rising tone

tǒm

Dips low first, then rises clearly.

High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising

Tone chart

Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.

Mid classHigh classLow class
No mark + liveMidRisingMid
No mark + dead shortLowLowHigh
No mark + dead longLowLowFalling
Mai ekLowLowFalling
Mai thoFallingFallingHigh
Mai triHigh——
Mai chattawaRising——