เส้า
sâoMeanings
1NounB2
punting pole
a long pole used for punting or pushing a boat through water
Examples
คุณลุงkun-lungคุณลุงkun-lung1uncle (parent’s older brother)2polite address for an older manใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderไม้máaiไม้máai1wood; timber2stick; rod; club; bat3classifier: skewers of food4tone/diacritic mark (Thai orthography)5tool; implementเส้าsâoเส้าsâo1punting pole2classifier for stove stones or sides3three-stone stove supportถ่อtɔ̀ɔถ่อtɔ̀ɔ1punting pole2[to] punt; [to] push a boat with a pole3[to] drag oneself [somewhere]; [to] take the trouble to goเรือrʉʉaเรือrʉʉa1boat; ship; vessel2rook (chess, makruk)ไปตามbpai-dtaamไปตามbpai-dtaam1[to] go along [sth]; [to] follow [sth]2[to] go get [sb]; [to] fetchคลองklɔɔngคลองklɔɔng1canal2classifier: canals/ditches3natural waterway; stream; creekที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoน้ำตื้นnáam-dtʉ̂ʉnน้ำตื้นnáam-dtʉ̂ʉnshallow water
The uncle uses a punting pole to push the boat along the shallow canal.
3 more examplesShow less
ถ้าtâaเราraoไม่มีmâi-miiไม้máaiเส้าsâoเราraoคงkongเอาaoเรือrʉʉaออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakฝั่งfàngที่tîiเต็มไปด้วยdtem-bpai-dûuaiโคลนkloonไม่ได้mâi-dâai
If we didn't have a punting pole, we probably wouldn't be able to get the boat away from the muddy shore.
ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanในnaiบริเวณbɔɔ-rí-weenนี้níiยังคงyang-kongใช้cháiไม้máaiเส้าsâoในnaiการบังคับgaan-bang-kápทิศทางtít-taangเรือพายrʉʉa-paaiเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaระดับน้ำrá-dàp-náamในnaiแม่น้ำmɛ̂ɛ-náamลดลงlót-long
Villagers in this area still use a punting pole to steer their rowboats when the water level in the river drops.
การใช้gaan-cháiเส้าsâoถ่อtɔ̀ɔเรือrʉʉaทวนกระแสtuuan-grà-sɛ̌ɛน้ำnáamต้องdtɔ̂ngอาศัยaa-sǎiทั้งtángพละกำลังpá-lá-gam-langและlɛ́ความชำนาญkwaam-cham-naanเป็นอย่างมากbpen-yàang-mâak
Using a pole to punt a boat upstream requires a great deal of both physical strength and expertise.
2ClassifierB2
classifier for stove stones or sides
classifier for the stones of a traditional stove, or for sides or parties in a three-way situation, such as a love triangle
Examples
ละครlá-kɔɔnละครlá-kɔɔn1drama; play; theater show2theater; dramatic artsเรื่องใหม่rʉ̂ʉang-màiเรื่องใหม่rʉ̂ʉang-màia new matter/topic/storyเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)เรื่องราวrʉ̂ʉang-raaoเรื่องราวrʉ̂ʉang-raao1story; tale2matter; affair; incidentเกี่ยวกับgìiao-gàpเกี่ยวกับgìiao-gàp1about; regarding; concerning2[to] relate to; concern; be aboutความรักkwaam-rákความรักkwaam-rák1love; affection2romance; romantic relationshipสามsǎamสามsǎamthree (3)เส้าsâoเส้าsâo1punting pole2classifier for stove stones or sides3three-stone stove supportของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsกลุ่มเพื่อนglùm-pʉ̂ʉanกลุ่มเพื่อนglùm-pʉ̂ʉangroup of friends; circle of friendsสนิทsà-nìtสนิทsà-nìt1close; intimate (relationship)2completely; thoroughly3tight; snug; sealed
The new drama is a story about a love triangle among a group of close friends.
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ชาวchaaoค่ายkâaiลูกเสือlûuk-sʉ̌ʉaช่วยกันchûuai-ganหาhǎaหินhǐnมาmaaก่อgɔ̀ɔเป็นbpenเตาdtaoสามsǎamเส้าsâoเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaทำกับข้าวtam-gàp-kâaoมื้อเย็นmʉ́ʉ-yen
The boy scouts helped each other find stones to build a three-stone stove to cook dinner.
ความขัดแย้งkwaam-kàt-yɛ́ɛngทางการเมืองtaang-gaan-mʉʉangครั้งนี้kráng-níiกลายเป็นglaai-bpenการต่อสู้gaan-dtɔ̀ɔ-sûuแบบbɛ̀ɛpสามsǎamเส้าsâoที่tîiไม่มีmâi-miiใครkraiยอมyɔɔmใครkrai
This political conflict has turned into a three-way struggle where no one yields to anyone.
ปัญหาbpan-hǎaความรักkwaam-rákสามsǎamเส้าsâoมักจะmák-jàสร้างsâangความเจ็บปวดkwaam-jèp-bpùuatและlɛ́รอยร้าวrɔɔi-ráaoในnaiความสัมพันธ์kwaam-sǎm-panเสมอsà-mə̌ə
Love triangle problems always create pain and rifts in relationships.
3NounC1
three-stone stove support
one of the stones or blocks used to support a cooking pot over an open fire, especially in a traditional three-stone stove
Examples
ยายyaaiยายyaai1grandmother (maternal)2old woman (informal; can be rude)บอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâi[to] tell [sb] to [do sth]หลานlǎanหลานlǎan1grandchild2niece or nephewไปหาbpai-hǎaไปหาbpai-hǎa1[to] go see [sb]; [to] visit [sb]2[to] go look for [sb/sth]; [to] seek [sth]ก้อนหินgɔ̂ɔn-hǐnก้อนหินgɔ̂ɔn-hǐnstone; rockมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; makeเส้าsâoเส้าsâo1punting pole2classifier for stove stones or sides3three-stone stove supportสำหรับsǎm-ràpสำหรับsǎm-ràp1for; intended for; for the purpose of2as for; regardingตั้งdtângตั้งdtâng1[to] place upright; stand; erect2as much as; as many as3[to] set up; establish; found4[to] appoint; nominate5[to] set; fix (value, rule, goal)6stack; pile; bundle7[to] aim; focus (eyes, mind)8[to] allocate; earmark (funds)9classifier: stacks; pilesหม้อmɔ̂ɔหม้อmɔ̂ɔ1pot; cooking pot2jar; pot (earthen/ceramic)3electric rice cooker (colloquial)4transformer (colloq.)ต้มdtômต้มdtôm1[to] boil; simmer2boiled; poached (food)3[to] swindle; con (colloq.)แกงgɛɛngแกงgɛɛng1Thai curry (soup/stew)2[to] make curry; cook a curry dish3classifier: อย่าง
Grandma told her grandchild to find some stones to make supports for setting up the curry pot.
3 more examplesShow less
ถ้าtâaเส้าsâoรองrɔɔngหม้อmɔ̂ɔทั้งtángสามsǎamก้อนgɔ̂ɔnมีmiiขนาดkà-nàatไม่เท่ากันmâi-tâo-ganหม้อmɔ̂ɔอาจจะàat-jàคว่ำkwâmได้dâaiเวลาwee-laaตั้งdtângไฟfai
If all three stones supporting the pot are not the same size, the pot might tip over when set on the fire.
ในอดีตnai à-dèetชาวบ้านchaao bâanมักจะmák jàใช้cháiก้อนหินgôn hĭnแข็งๆkăeng kăengสามsăamก้อนgônมาmaaวางwaangเป็นbpenเส้าsâoเพื่อpêuuaทำtamเตาdtaoหุงhŭngต้มdtômอาหารaa-hăanกลางแจ้งglaang jâeng
In the past, villagers would often use three hard stones placed as supports to make an outdoor cooking stove.
การgaanก่อไฟgɔ̀ɔ-faiหุงhǔngข้าวkâaoในnaiป่าbpàaจำเป็นต้องjam-bpen-dtɔ̂ngหาhǎaหินhǐnที่tîiมีmiiความสูงkwaam-sǔungระดับrá-dàpเดียวกันdiiao-ganมาmaaทำเป็นtam-bpenเส้าsâoเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganไม่ให้mâi-hâiหม้อmɔ̂ɔเอียงiiangและlɛ́น้ำแกงnáam-gɛɛngหกhòk
Starting a fire to cook rice in the forest requires finding stones of the same height to use as supports, to prevent the pot from tilting and the soup from spilling.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Falling tone
sâo
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
High class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |