ตุ่ม
dtùmMeanings
1NounA2
water jar; large earthen jar
A large earthenware jar traditionally used for storing water; commonly found in Thai households and rural areas.
Examples
บ้านbâanบ้านbâan1house; home2home (family unit)3village; hometown4classifier: หลังยายyaaiยายyaai1grandmother (maternal)2old woman (informal; can be rude)มีตุ่มmii-dtùmมีตุ่มmii-dtùm[to] have a bump/pimple/blisterเก็บgèpเก็บgèp1to keep; store; put away2to collect; pick up; gather3to tidy up; put in order4to keep back; save5[to] harvest; pick (fruit/flowers)6to charge; take (a fee/payment)7[to] tuck in; gather up (hair/clothes)น้ำnáamน้ำnáam1water2liquid; fluid3juice; extract4sauce; broth5bodily fluid (in compounds)หน้าบ้านnâa-bâanหน้าบ้านnâa-bâan1front of the house; frontage2front office; customer-facing side
My grandmother’s house has a water jar in front of the house.
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During the dry season, we scoop water from the jar to wash dishes.
แม่mɛ̂ɛบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiปิดbpìtฝาfǎaตุ่มdtùmไว้wáiจะได้jà-dâaiไม่มีmâi-miiใบไม้bai-máaiร่วงลงrûuang-longไปbpai
Mom told me to close the jar’s lid so that leaves don’t fall in.
สมัยก่อนsà-mǎi-gɔ̀ɔnคนkonในnaiชนบทนิยมchon-ná-bòt-ní-yomตั้งdtângตุ่มdtùmเรียงriiangหน้าบ้านnâa-bâanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaรองrɔɔngน้ำฝนnáam-fǒnไว้ใช้wái-cháiทั้งปีtáng-bpii
In the past, people in rural areas commonly lined up large water jars in front of their houses to collect rainwater for year-round use.
2NounA2
bump; lump; swelling
A small raised swelling on the skin or surface, such as a bump or lump (e.g., from an insect bite).
Examples
ยุงyungยุงyungmosquitoกัดgàtกัดgàt1[to] bite2[to] corrode; [to] etch3[to] sting; [to] irritate (skin)4caustic; irritating (to skin)5[to] mill (machining)แล้วláeoแล้วláeo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)มีตุ่มmee dtùmมีตุ่มmee dtùm[to] have a bump/pimple/blisterเล็กๆlék lékเล็กๆlék lék1small; little; tiny (softened by reduplication)2slightly; a littleที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerแขนkăaenแขนkăaen1arm (body part)2arm; extension (of object)3classifier: sleeves
A mosquito bit me and there’s a small bump on my arm.
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I went to the forest yesterday and came back with itchy bumps all over my legs.
หมอmɔ̌ɔบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaไม่ต้องmâi-dtɔ̂ngกังวลgang-wonตุ่มdtùmนี้níiเกิดจากgə̀ət-jàakแพ้pɛ́ɛแมลงmá-lɛɛngและlɛ́จะjàยุบyúpเองeeng
The doctor said not to worry; this bump is from an insect allergy and will go down on its own.
หลังจากlǎng-jàakล้มlómจักรยานjàk-grà-yaanผมpǒmมีmiiก้อนgɔ̂ɔnตุ่มdtùmนูนnuunตรงdtrongเข่าkàoเลยləəiประคบเย็นbprà-kóp-yenเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaลดlótบวมbuuam
After falling off my bike, I had a raised bump on my knee, so I applied a cold compress to reduce the swelling.
He has small little bumps on his face like pimples in several spots.
เมื่อวานmêuua waanฉันchănสังเกตsǎng-gètว่าwâaมีตุ่มmee dtùmใสๆsăi săiขึ้นkêunที่têeหน้าผากnâa pàakเลยloieทายาtaa yaaไว้wái
Yesterday I noticed a small clear bump on my forehead, so I applied some medicine.
ช่วงนี้chûuang néeผิวpĭuระคายเคืองrá-kaai keuuangงั้นngánถ้าtâaมีตุ่มmee dtùmเล็กๆlék lékโผล่plòhมาmaaอย่าyàaบีบbèepจะได้jà dâaiไม่mâiลามlaam
My skin is irritated lately, so if small pimples appear, don’t squeeze them so they won’t spread.
หมอmŏrบอกว่าbòk wâaตุ่มdtùmที่têeขึ้นkêunเป็นเพียงbpen piiangผื่นpèunเล็กๆlék lékคล้ายkláaiสิวอุดตันsĭu ùt dtanไม่mâiรุนแรงrun-raengและláeหายhăaiเองayngได้dâi
The doctor said the bumps are just small eruptions like clogged pimples, not serious and will heal on their own.
3NounB2
knob; nub
A small raised part or protrusion on an object.
Examples
ฝาขวดfăa kùuatฝาขวดfăa kùuatbottle cap; bottle lidนี้néeนี้née1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)มีตุ่มmee dtùmมีตุ่มmee dtùm[to] have a bump/pimple/blisterเล็กlékเล็กlék1small; little2young; younger; youngest3minor; slightๆ-ตรงdtrongตรงdtrong1straight (not bent)2directly; straight (direction/path)3direct; straightforward; frank4[to] be straight; align5exact; matching; correspondingขอบkòpขอบkòp1edge; rim; border2margin (of a page or surface)3brim (hat or container)4lip (of a container or opening)5borderline; periphery (figurative)เพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofช่วยให้chûuai hâiช่วยให้chûuai hâi[to] enable; help [sb/sth] (to) do [sth]; make [sth] possible/easierเปิดbpèrtเปิดbpèrt1[to] open; uncover; unwrap2[to] turn on; switch on3[to] start; launch; open for businessได้dâiได้dâi1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerถนัดtà-nàtถนัดtà-nàt1dominant (hand/side)2skilled; proficient; adept3[to] be comfortable with; prefer usingขึ้นkêunขึ้นkêun1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-country
This bottle cap has small protruding bumps on the rim to make it easier to open.
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ปุ่มกดbpùm-gòtลิฟต์lípมีตุ่มmii-dtùmนูนnuunตรงกลางdtrong-glaangทำให้tam-hâiสัมผัสได้sǎm-pàt-dâaiแม้mɛ́ɛไม่mâiมองmɔɔng
The elevator button has a small raised protrusion in the center, making it detectable by touch even without looking.
พื้นpéunรองเท้าrong táaoคู่kôoนี้néeมีตุ่มmee dtùmยางyaangถี่tèeๆ-เพื่อpêuuaเพิ่มpêrmแรงยึดเกาะraeng yút gòบนbonพื้นpéunลื่นlêun
The outsole of these shoes has dense rubber protrusions to enhance grip on slippery surfaces.
ตัวควบคุมdtuua-kûuap-kumเครื่องเสียงkrʉ̂ʉang-sǐiangมีตุ่มmii-dtùmเล็กlékที่tîiขอบปุ่มkɔ̀ɔp-bpùmหมุนmǔnช่วยให้chûuai-hâiหมุนmǔnได้dâaiแม่นยำmɛ̂n-yamกว่าgwàa
The audio controller features tiny protrusions along the knob’s edge, allowing for more precise turning.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
dtùm
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |