รุนแรง
run-rɛɛngMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
violent; severe; intense
involving force, aggression, or great intensity; causing or marked by serious degree or harshness
Examples
เมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉnเมื่อคืนmʉ̂ʉa-kʉʉn1last night (the night before today)2last nightมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoพายุpaa-yúพายุpaa-yú1storm2storm (figurative)รุนแรงrun-rɛɛngรุนแรงrun-rɛɛng1violent; severe; intense2violently; severely; intenselyทำให้tam-hâiทำให้tam-hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]ไฟดับfai-dàpไฟดับfai-dàp1power outage; blackout2[of power/lights] go out; cut outทั้งtángทั้งtáng1whole; entire2all3both4altogether; entirelyหมู่บ้านmùu-bâanหมู่บ้านmùu-bâan1village; hamlet2housing estate; gated community
There was a severe storm last night, causing a power outage in the whole village.
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การจราจรติดขัดgaan-jà-raa-jɔɔn-dtìt-kàtอย่างรุนแรงyàang-run-rɛɛngหลังlǎngเกิดอุบัติเหตุgə̀ət-ù-bàt-dtì-hèetบนbonถนนหลักtà-nǒn-làk
Traffic was severely congested after an accident on the main road.
เขาkǎoป่วยbpùuaiเป็นbpenไข้หวัดใหญ่kâi-wàt-yàiแบบbɛ̀ɛpรุนแรงrun-rɛɛngต้องdtɔ̂ngนอนโรงพยาบาลnɔɔn-roong-pá-yaa-baan
He had a severe case of influenza and had to be hospitalized.
มาตรการmâat-dtrà-gaanที่tîiเข้มงวดkêm-ngûuatเกินไปgəən-bpaiอาจàatก่อให้เกิดgɔ̀ɔ-hâi-gə̀ətการต่อต้านgaan-dtɔ̀ɔ-dtâanอย่างรุนแรงyàang-run-rɛɛngจากjàakประชาชนbprà-chaa-chon
Overly strict measures may provoke strong resistance from the public.
2AdverbB2
violently; severely; intensely
in a forceful, harsh, or very intense manner
Examples
ลมlomลมlom1wind2gas; flatulence3air (breath); life-force (traditional)4nonsense; empty talk (fig.)พัดpátพัดpát1[to] blow; [to] fan2fan; hand fan3classifier: อัน4[to] blow; sweep; carry alongรุนแรงrun-rɛɛngรุนแรงrun-rɛɛng1violent; severe; intense2violently; severely; intenselyจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofเราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toหยุดyùtหยุดyùt1[to] stop; halt2[to] take time off; be off work or schoolเดินกลางdəən-glaangเดินกลางdəən-glaang[to] walk in the middleทางtaangทางtaang1way; route; road; path2direction; side3method; means; manner4by; via; through (means or channel)5classifier: roads/routes/ways6in terms of; in the field of7side/party (institutional)
The wind blew so intensely that we had to stop walking halfway.
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เขาkǎoพูดpûutโต้เถียงdtôo-tǐiangอย่างรุนแรงyàang-run-rɛɛngทำให้tam-hâiบรรยากาศban-yaa-gàatตึงเครียดdtʉng-krîiat
He argued intensely, making the atmosphere tense.
คลื่นความร้อนklʉ̂ʉn-kwaam-rɔ́ɔnแผ่ปกคลุมpɛ̀ɛ-bpòk-klumอย่างรุนแรงyàang-run-rɛɛngส่งผลให้sòng-pǒn-hâiหลายlǎaiพื้นที่pʉ́ʉn-tîiขาดน้ำkàat-náam
A heatwave spread intensely, causing water shortages in many areas.
การเปลี่ยนแปลงgaan-bplìian-bplɛɛngนโยบายná-yoo-baaiอย่างรุนแรงyàang-run-rɛɛngอาจàatกระทบgrà-tópธุรกิจtú-rá-gìtรายย่อยraai-yɔ̂iโดยตรงdooi-dtrong
A drastic policy shift may directly impact small businesses.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
run
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |