การฝน
gaan-fǒnMeanings
1NounB1
sharpening; honing
The act of sharpening a blade or tool by rubbing it against a sharpening stone or another abrasive surface.
Examples
การฝนgaan-fǒnการฝนgaan-fǒn1sharpening; honing2shading; filling in marks3grinding by rubbingมีดmîitมีดmîitknifeกับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)หินลับมีดhǐn-láp-mîitหินลับมีดhǐn-láp-mîitwhetstone; sharpening stoneช่วยให้chûuai-hâiช่วยให้chûuai-hâi[to] enable; help [sb/sth] (to) do [sth]; make [sth] possible/easierมีดmîitมีดmîitknifeคมขึ้นkom-kʉ̂nคมขึ้นkom-kʉ̂n[to] become sharper; [to] get sharper
Rubbing a knife against a sharpening stone makes it sharper.
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พ่อpɔ̂ɔใช้cháiหินลับมีดhǐn-láp-mîitในnaiการฝนgaan-fǒnมีดmîitและlɛ́คอยkɔɔiพรมpromน้ำnáamบนbonหินhǐnเป็นระยะbpen-rá-yá
Dad sharpens the knife on a sharpening stone and sprinkles water on the stone from time to time.
การฝนgaan-fǒnมีดmîitบนbonหินลับมีดhǐn-láp-mîitต้องdtɔ̂ngทำtamอย่างระมัดระวังyàang-rá-mát-rá-wangเพราะprɔ́ถ้าtâaเผลอplə̌əก็gɔ̂อาจàatบาดมือbàat-mʉʉได้dâai
Sharpening a knife on a sharpening stone requires care because a moment of inattention could result in a cut to your hand.
การฝนgaan-fǒnมีดmîitโดยdooiรักษาrák-sǎaมุมmumของkɔ̌ɔngใบมีดbai-mîitให้hâiคงที่kong-tîiช่วยให้chûuai-hâiคมมีดkom-mîitสม่ำเสมอsà-màm-sà-mə̌əและlɛ́ลดlótการสึกหรอgaan-sʉ̀k-rɔ̌ɔที่tîiไม่จำเป็นmâi-jam-bpen
Sharpening a knife while maintaining a consistent blade angle produces an even edge and reduces unnecessary wear.
2NounB1
shading; filling in marks
The act of rubbing a pencil repeatedly over an area to shade it or fill in a mark, especially an answer space on a test sheet.
Examples
การฝนgaan-fǒnการฝนgaan-fǒn1sharpening; honing2shading; filling in marks3grinding by rubbingคำตอบkam-dtɔ̀ɔpคำตอบkam-dtɔ̀ɔp1answer; reply2solution; correct answerต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderดินสอdin-sɔ̌ɔดินสอdin-sɔ̌ɔpencilไม่ใช่mâi-châiไม่ใช่mâi-châi1is/are/am not; not (to be)2no (disagreement/denial)3not (emphatic correction)ปากกาbpàak-gaaปากกาbpàak-gaapen (ink writing tool)
Filling in the answer bubbles requires a pencil, not a pen.
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การฝนgaan fŏnดินสอdin sŏrเบาbaoๆ-ช่วยให้chûuai hâiเงาngaoในnaiภาพpâapดูdooนุ่มnûmแต่dtàeถ้าtâaกดแรงgòt raengเกินไปgern bpaiก็gâwจะjàลบlópยากyâak
Shading lightly with a pencil makes the shadows in a drawing look soft, but pressing too hard makes them difficult to erase.
ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnเริ่มrə̂əmสอบsɔ̀ɔpครูkruuอธิบายà-tí-baaiวิธีการwí-tii-gaanฝนfǒnวงกลมwong-glomให้hâiเต็มdtemโดยdooiไม่ให้mâi-hâiล้ำlámออกɔ̀ɔkนอกnɔ̂ɔkขอบkɔ̀ɔp
Before the exam began, the teacher explained how to fill in the circles completely without going outside the edges.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàเลือกlʉ̂ʉakคำตอบkam-dtɔ̀ɔpถูกต้องtùuk-dtɔ̂ngแต่dtɛ̀ɛการฝนgaan-fǒnวงกลมwong-glomจางjaangเกินไปgəən-bpaiอาจàatทำให้tam-hâiเครื่องkrʉ̂ʉangตรวจdtrùuatข้อสอบkɔ̂ɔ-sɔ̀ɔpอ่านàanคำตอบkam-dtɔ̀ɔpไม่ได้mâi-dâai
Even if the correct answer is selected, shading the circle too lightly may prevent the grading machine from reading it.
3NounB2
grinding by rubbing
The act of rubbing a solid substance against a hard surface to produce fine particles or, often with added liquid, a paste or suspension.
Examples
การฝนgaan-fǒnการฝนgaan-fǒn1sharpening; honing2shading; filling in marks3grinding by rubbingทาtaaทาtaa1[to] apply; spread (a substance)2[to] coat; paint (surface)นาคาnaa-kaaนาคาnaa-kaa1naga; mythical serpent (literary)2snake; serpent (literary)กับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)แผ่นหินpɛ̀n-hǐnแผ่นหินpɛ̀n-hǐnstone slab; slab of stoneเปียกbpìiakเปียกbpìiak1wet; damp2[to] get wetทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; makeให้ได้hâi-dâaiให้ได้hâi-dâaipost-verb emphasis: definitely; no matter whatเนื้อครีมnʉ́ʉa-kriimเนื้อครีมnʉ́ʉa-kriimcream texture; consistency of a creamสำหรับsǎm-ràpสำหรับsǎm-ràp1for; intended for; for the purpose of2as for; regardingทาtaaทาtaa1[to] apply; spread (a substance)2[to] coat; paint (surface)หน้าnâaหน้าnâa1face2front; frontage3page4next; upcoming5in front; at the front6season; time of year7topping (food)
Rubbing thanaka against a wet stone slab produces a paste for applying to the face.
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การฝนgaan fŏnขมิ้นkà-mînกับgàpหินhĭnต้องdtôngเติมdtermน้ำnáamเล็กน้อยlék nóiจึงจะjeung jàได้dâiเนื้อnéuuaขมิ้นkà-mînข้นkônๆ-
When rubbing turmeric against a stone, you need to add a little water to produce a thick turmeric paste.
ในnaiการฝนgaan fŏnแท่งtâengหมึกmèukบนbonแท่นtâenฝนfŏnหมึกmèukผู้เขียนpôo kĭianต้องdtôngค่อยkôiๆ-เติมdtermน้ำnáamเพื่อให้pêuua hâiได้dâiน้ำหมึกnám mèukที่têeเข้มkêmพอดีpo dee
When grinding an ink stick on an inkstone, the writer must gradually add water to produce ink with just the right depth of color.
ยายyaaiอธิบายà-tí-baaiว่าการwâa-gaanฝนfǒnรากrâakสมุนไพรsà-mǔn-praiกับgàpหินhǐnต้องdtɔ̂ngเติมdtəəmน้ำnáamทีละน้อยtii-lá-nɔ́ɔiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiได้dâaiเนื้อยาnʉ́ʉa-yaaที่tîiข้นkônพอpɔɔสำหรับsǎm-ràpทาtaa
Grandma explained that rubbing a medicinal root against a stone requires adding water a little at a time to produce a paste thick enough to apply to the skin.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -ร, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
gaan
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
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การฝนgaan-fǒnการฝนgaan-fǒnsharpening; honingsharpening; honingWord