นอก
nɔ̂ɔkMeanings
1AdjectiveA2
outside; outer; external
located on or toward the exterior side or surface of something
Examples
ประตูbprà-dtuuประตูbprà-dtuu1door; gate; portal2goal (structure or score)3classifier: doors; gates; goalsมีรอยmii-rɔɔiมีรอยmii-rɔɔi[to] be marked; [to] have a markขีดkìitขีดkìit1[to] draw a line; mark; scratch2line; stroke; mark3slash; stroke; dash4hectogram (100 grams)5limit; bound; levelอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainข้างนอกkâang-nɔ̂ɔkข้างนอกkâang-nɔ̂ɔk1outside; outdoors2the outside; exterior
The door has scratch marks on the outside.
3 more examplesShow less
Yesterday I stuck a sticker on the outside of the bag.
Tomorrow he will finish painting the exterior wall of the house.
สนิมsà-nǐmเริ่มขึ้นrə̂əm-kʉ̂nที่tîiด้านนอกdâan-nɔ̂ɔkของkɔ̌ɔngท่อtɔ̂ɔเพราะprɔ́โดนdoonฝนfǒnตลอดdtà-lɔ̀ɔt
Rust has begun forming on the outside of the pipe because it’s constantly exposed to rain.
2AdverbA2
outside; outdoors
in the open air; not inside a building or enclosure
Examples
เราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)นั่งnângนั่งnâng1[to] sit; sit down2[to] take; ride [sth] (vehicle)กินข้าวgin-kâaoกินข้าวgin-kâao1[to] have a meal; eat (general)2[to] eat rice (literal)นอกบ้านnɔ̂ɔk-bâanนอกบ้านnɔ̂ɔk-bâan1outdoors; outside the house2outdoor; out-of-home
We are eating outside in the open air.
3 more examplesShow less
เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanฉันchǎnไปbpaiออกกำลังกายɔ̀ɔk-gam-lang-gaaiนอกnɔ̂ɔkอาคารaa-kaanเพราะprɔ́อากาศaa-gàatดีdii
Yesterday I went to exercise outdoors because the weather was nice.
Tomorrow we will go for a picnic outdoors if it doesn't rain.
ช่วงเย็นchûuang-yenคนkonในnaiหมู่บ้านmùu-bâanชอบchɔ̂ɔpมาmaaนั่งคุยกันnâng-kui-ganนอกบ้านnɔ̂ɔk-bâanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaรับลมráp-lom
In the evening, people in the village like to sit and chat outdoors to catch the breeze.
3PrepositionB1
except; other than
with the exception of; not including
Examples
นอกnɔ̂ɔkนอกnɔ̂ɔk1outside; outer; external2outside; outdoors3except; other than4foreign; external; outsideวันหยุดราชการwan-yùt-râat-chá-gaanวันหยุดราชการwan-yùt-râat-chá-gaanofficial holiday; government holidayเราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)เปิดทำการbpə̀ət-tam-gaanเปิดทำการbpə̀ət-tam-gaan[to] be open (for business)ปกติbpòk-gà-dtìปกติbpòk-gà-dtì1normal; usual; ordinary2normally; usually3normal state; norm
Except for public holidays, we are open as usual.
3 more examplesShow less
นอกnɔ̂ɔkค่าธรรมเนียมkâa-tam-niiamหลักlàkแล้วlɛ́ɛoนักศึกษาnák-sʉ̀k-sǎaยังyangต้องdtɔ̂ngจ่ายjàaiค่าkâaหอพักhɔ̌ɔ-pákเองeeng
Apart from the main fees, students must also pay for dormitory costs themselves.
นอกเหนือจากnɔ̂ɔk-nʉ̌ʉa-jàakสมาชิกsà-maa-chíkเก่าgàoผู้เข้าร่วมpûu-kâo-rûuamใหม่màiต้องdtɔ̂ngลงทะเบียนlong-tá-biianล่วงหน้าlûuang-nâa
Aside from existing members, new participants must register in advance.
นอกnôkเงื่อนไขngêuuan kăiที่têeระบุrá-bùไว้wáiในnaiสัญญาsăn-yaaบริษัทbò-rí-sàtจะjàไม่mâiรับผิดชอบráp pìt chôpค่าใช้จ่ายkâa chái jàaiใดdaiๆ-
With the exception of the conditions specified in the contract, the company will not be responsible for any expenses.
4AdjectiveB2
foreign; external; outside
relating to the outside of a country, organization, or system; not domestic or internal
Examples
บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtบริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtcompany; firm; corporationเราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoนโยบายná-yoo-baaiนโยบายná-yoo-baaipolicy; plan of actionร่วมมือrûuam-mʉʉร่วมมือrûuam-mʉʉ[to] cooperate; collaborateกับgàpกับgàp1with; together with2and (informal)3side dish; accompaniment4against; versus5to; toward (recipient/target)6classifier: sets/pairs (spoon and fork)คู่ค้าkûu-káaคู่ค้าkûu-káabusiness/trading partner; counterpartyนอกnɔ̂ɔkนอกnɔ̂ɔk1outside; outer; external2outside; outdoors3except; other than4foreign; external; outsideประเทศbprà-têetประเทศbprà-têetcountry; nation; stateมากขึ้นmâak-kʉ̂nมากขึ้นmâak-kʉ̂n1more; increasingly2greater; more (than before)
Our company has a policy to collaborate more with partners outside the country.
3 more examplesShow less
รายงานraai-ngaanนี้níiรวบรวมข้อมูลrûuap-ruuam-kɔ̂ɔ-muunจากjàakนอกnɔ̂ɔkหน่วยงานnùuai-ngaanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเปรียบbprìiapเทียบมาตรฐานtîiap-mâat-dtrà-tǎan
This report gathers data from outside the agency to compare standards.
สกุลเงินsà-gun-ngənนอกระบบnɔ̂ɔk-rá-bòpธนาคารกลางtá-naa-kaan-glaangมีmiiความผันผวนkwaam-pǎn-pǔuanสูงsǔung
Currencies outside the central banking system are highly volatile.
ข้อตกลงkɔ̂ɔ-dtòk-longนี้níiครอบคลุมkrɔ̂ɔp-klumการดำเนินงานgaan-dam-nəən-ngaanนอกnɔ̂ɔkโครงสร้างองค์กรkroong-sâang-ong-gɔɔnเดิมdəəm
This agreement covers operations outside the original organizational structure.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableLong vowelEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
nɔ̂ɔk
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Long vowel → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |