กะ
gàMeanings
1NounA2
work shift
A scheduled period of work (e.g., day shift, night shift).
Examples
พี่pîiพี่pîi1older sibling2older person (informal address)ทำงานtam-ngaanทำงานtam-ngaan1[to] work; do one's job; be on duty2[to] function; operateกะเช้าgà-cháoกะเช้าgà-cháomorning shiftทุกวันtúk-wanทุกวันtúk-wan1every day; daily2daily; occurring every dayเริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toหกhòkหกhòk1six (6)2[to] spillโมงmoongโมงmoong1o’clock (daytime hours)2classifier: hours (telling time)
I work the morning shift, starting at six every day.
3 more examplesShow less
Yesterday I was on the night shift, so I went home at 2 a.m.
Tomorrow he will swap shifts with a friend, from the afternoon shift to the morning shift.
ผู้จัดpûu-jàtการประกาศgaan-bprà-gàatตารางdtaa-raangกะgàใหม่màiแบ่งเป็นbɛ̀ng-bpenกะเช้าgà-cháoกะgàบ่ายbàaiและlɛ́กะดึกgà-dʉ̀kเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiมีmiiคนkonดูแลงานduu-lɛɛ-ngaanตลอดdtà-lɔ̀ɔt24ชั่วโมงchûua-moong
The manager announced a new shift schedule, divided into morning, afternoon, and night shifts, to ensure coverage 24/7.
2VerbB1
[to] estimate; guess
To make an approximate calculation or judgment without exact data.
Examples
ผมpǒmผมpǒm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)กะเวลาgà-wee-laaกะเวลาgà-wee-laa[to] estimate time; time [sth]เดินทางdəən-taangเดินทางdəən-taang[to] travel; make a journeyไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)ประมาณbprà-maanประมาณbprà-maan1approximately; about2[to] estimate; approximate3estimate (noun)4moderate; reasonable (literary)ครึ่งkrʉ̂ngครึ่งkrʉ̂ng1half (50%)2half (modifier)ชั่วโมงchûua-moongชั่วโมงchûua-moong1hour (60 minutes)2classifier: hours of timeเผื่อpʉ̀ʉaเผื่อpʉ̀ʉa1in case; just in case; for [sb]2[to] set aside; reserve (for later/for [sb])3[to] allow for; take into accountรถติดrót-dtìtรถติดrót-dtìt1traffic jam; congestion2[to] have heavy traffic; be congested
I estimated the travel time at about half an hour in case of traffic.
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ช่างchângกะgàค่าใช้จ่ายkâa chái jàaiคร่าวkrâaoๆ-ให้hâiก่อนgònแล้วláeoค่อยkôiคิดkítราคาraa-kaaแน่นอนnâe nonภายหลังpaai lăng
The technician made a rough estimate of the cost first, then will give an exact price later.
เธอtəəกะgàจำนวนjam-nuuanอาหารaa-hǎanจากjàakจำนวนคนjam-nuuan-konที่มาtîi-maaงานngaanเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiเหลือlʉ̌ʉaทิ้งtíng
She estimated the amount of food based on the number of attendees so there wouldn't be leftovers.
นักวิจัยnák-wí-jaiต้องdtɔ̂ngกะgàความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangจากjàakข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunจำกัดjam-gàtแล้วlɛ́ɛoออกแบบɔ̀ɔk-bɛ̀ɛpวิธีwí-tiiเก็บข้อมูลgèp-kɔ̂ɔ-muunให้hâiเหมาะสมmɔ̀-sǒm
Researchers must judge the risks with limited data and then design an appropriate data collection method.
3ParticleB2
(dialectal) then; also; indeed
A regional or informal variant of ก็ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption marker, used to link a statement to its context or add emphasis; its translation depends on context.
Examples
เดี๋ยวdǐiaoเดี๋ยวdǐiao1soon; in a moment2for a moment; briefly; one moment3wait! just a moment4otherwise; or else (colloq.)5alternating; now … now …เย็นนี้yen-níiเย็นนี้yen-níi1this evening2this evening's (as a modifier)กะgàกะgà1work shift2[to] estimate; guess3(dialectal) then; also; indeedไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already pastตลาดdtà-làatตลาดdtà-làat1market; marketplace2market (economic demand/sector)3popular; mainstream (colloq.)ซื้อsʉ́ʉซื้อsʉ́ʉ1[to] buy; purchase2[to] bribe; buy offกับข้าวgàp-kâaoกับข้าวgàp-kâao1side dishes; viands2food (colloquial, esp. home meals)นิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀iนิดหน่อยnít-nɔ̀i1a little; a bit2a small amount
I’m planning to go to the market this evening to buy a bit of food.
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You’re not coming, right? Then I’ll go first.
อันนี้an-níiกะโอเคgà-oo-keeแหละlɛ̀ถ้าtâaใครkraiไม่mâiสะดวกsà-dùuakพรุ่งนี้prûng-níiก็gɔ̂เลื่อนlʉ̂ʉanเอาao
This should be okay; if anyone isn’t available tomorrow, we can just postpone.
ฉันchǎnกะgàจะjàบอกbɔ̀ɔkตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛเมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanแต่dtɛ̀ɛเห็นว่าhěn-wâaยุ่งyûngกันganอยู่yùuเลยləəiยังไม่ได้yang-mâi-dâaiพูดpûut
I was going to say it since yesterday, but I saw everyone was busy so I didn’t speak up.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
gà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |