กะ
gàMeanings
1NounA2
work shift
A scheduled period of work (e.g., day shift, night shift).
Examples
พี่pîiพี่pîi1older sibling2older person (informal address)3I; you (for the older person)ทำงานtam-ngaanทำงานtam-ngaan1[to] work; do one's job; be on duty2[to] function; operateกะเช้าgà-cháoกะเช้าgà-cháomorning shiftทุกวันtúk-wanทุกวันtúk-wan1every day; daily2daily; occurring every dayเริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toหกhòkหกhòk1six (6)2[to] spillโมงmoongโมงmoong1o’clock (daytime hours)2classifier: hours (telling time)
I work the morning shift, starting at six every day.
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Yesterday I was on the night shift, so I went home at 2 a.m.
Tomorrow he will swap shifts with a friend, from the afternoon shift to the morning shift.
ผู้จัดpôo jàtการประกาศgaan bprà-gàatตารางdtaa-raangกะgàใหม่màiแบ่งเป็นbàeng bpenกะเช้าgà cháaoกะgàบ่ายbàaiและláeกะดึกgà dèukเพื่อให้pêuua hâiมีmeeคนkonดูแลงานdoo lae ngaanตลอดdtà-lòt24ชั่วโมงchûua-mohng
The manager announced a new shift schedule, divided into morning, afternoon, and night shifts, to ensure coverage 24/7.
2PrepositionA2
with (informal)
Used to say that people or things are together or associated with each other.
Examples
เราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)ไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyกะgàกะgà1work shift2with (informal)3[to] estimate; guess4[to] intend; plan (informal)5(dialectal) then; also; indeedเธอterเธอter1you (informal; familiar)2she; herได้ไหมdâi măiได้ไหมdâi măi1is it possible/allowed?; OK?2could you ... ? (request softener)
Can I go with you?
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Yesterday I went out to eat with a friend.
Tomorrow he's going on an outing with his older brother.
3VerbB1
[to] estimate; guess
To make an approximate calculation or judgment without exact data.
Examples
ผมpǒmผมpǒm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)กะเวลาgà-wee-laaกะเวลาgà-wee-laa[to] estimate time; time [sth]เดินทางdəən-taangเดินทางdəən-taang[to] travel; make a journeyไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)ประมาณbprà-maanประมาณbprà-maan1approximately; about2[to] estimate; approximate3estimate (noun)4something like; along the lines of (informal)5moderate; reasonable (literary)ครึ่งkrʉ̂ngครึ่งkrʉ̂ng1half (50%)2half (modifier)ชั่วโมงchûua-moongชั่วโมงchûua-moong1hour (60 minutes)2classifier: hours of time3lesson period; class periodเผื่อpʉ̀ʉaเผื่อpʉ̀ʉa1in case; just in case; for [sb]2[to] set aside; reserve (for later/for [sb])3[to] allow for; take into accountรถติดrót-dtìtรถติดrót-dtìt1traffic jam; congestion2[to] have heavy traffic; be congested
I estimated the travel time at about half an hour in case of traffic.
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ช่างchângกะgàค่าใช้จ่ายkâa chái jàaiคร่าวkrâaoๆ-ให้hâiก่อนgònแล้วláeoค่อยkôiคิดkítราคาraa-kaaแน่นอนnâe nonภายหลังpaai lăng
The technician made a rough estimate of the cost first, then will give an exact price later.
เธอterกะgàจำนวนjam-nuuanอาหารaa-hăanจากjàakจำนวนคนjam-nuuan konที่มาtêe maaงานngaanเพื่อไม่ให้pêuua mâi hâiเหลือlĕuuaทิ้งtíng
She estimated the amount of food based on the number of attendees so there wouldn't be leftovers.
นักวิจัยnák wí-jaiต้องdtôngกะgàความเสี่ยงkwaam sìiangจากjàakข้อมูลkôr moonจำกัดjam-gàtแล้วláeoออกแบบòk bàepวิธีwí-teeเก็บข้อมูลgèp kôr moonให้hâiเหมาะสมmòr sŏm
Researchers must judge the risks with limited data and then design an appropriate data collection method.
4VerbB1
[to] intend; plan (informal)
To have a plan or intention to do something.
Examples
พรุ่งนี้prûng-néeพรุ่งนี้prûng-née1tomorrow (the day after today)2tomorrow; on the day after todayฉันchănฉันchăn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)กะgàกะgà1work shift2with (informal)3[to] estimate; guess4[to] intend; plan (informal)5(dialectal) then; also; indeedจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyตลาดdtà-làatตลาดdtà-làat1market; marketplace2market (economic demand/sector)3popular; mainstream (colloq.)แต่เช้าdtàe cháoแต่เช้าdtàe cháoearly in the morning; since early morning
I plan to go to the market early tomorrow morning.
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ฉันchănกะgàจะjàทำอาหารtam aa-hăanกินginเองayngแต่dtàeกลับglàpถึงบ้านtĕung bâanดึกdèukเลยloieสั่งอาหารsàng aa-hăanแทนtaen
I intended to cook for myself, but I got home late, so I ordered food instead.
เราraoกะgàจะjàชวนchuanเพื่อนpêuuanมาmaaกินข้าวgin kâaoที่บ้านtêe bâanแต่dtàeยังไม่ได้yang mâi dâaiบอกbòkใครkraiเลยloie
We plan to invite some friends over for a meal, but we haven't told anyone yet.
ตอนแรกdtɔɔn-rɛ̂ɛkฉันchǎnกะว่าgà-wâaจะjàย้ายyáaiงานngaanหลังlǎngสิ้นปีsîn-bpiiแต่dtɛ̀ɛพอpɔɔได้รับมอบหมายdâi-ráp-mɔ̂ɔp-mǎaiให้ดูhâi-duuแลlɛɛโครงการkroong-gaanใหม่màiก็gɔ̂เริ่มrə̂əmลังเลlang-leeว่าwâaจะjàอยู่yùuต่อdtɔ̀ɔดีdiiไหมmǎi
At first, I intended to change jobs after the end of the year, but after being assigned to manage a new project, I started wondering whether I should stay.
5ParticleB2
(dialectal) then; also; indeed
A regional or informal variant of ก็ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption marker, used to link a statement to its context or add emphasis; its translation depends on context.
Examples
เดี๋ยวdĭiaoเดี๋ยวdĭiao1soon; in a moment2for a moment; briefly; one moment3wait! just a moment4otherwise; or else (colloq.)5alternating; now … now …เย็นนี้yen néeเย็นนี้yen née1this evening2this evening's (as a modifier)กะgàกะgà1work shift2with (informal)3[to] estimate; guess4[to] intend; plan (informal)5(dialectal) then; also; indeedไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyตลาดdtà-làatตลาดdtà-làat1market; marketplace2market (economic demand/sector)3popular; mainstream (colloq.)ซื้อséuซื้อséu1[to] buy; purchase2[to] bribe; buy offกับข้าวgàp-kâaoกับข้าวgàp-kâao1side dishes; viands2food (colloquial, esp. home meals)นิดหน่อยnít nòiนิดหน่อยnít nòi1a little; a bit2a small amount
I’m planning to go to the market this evening to buy a bit of food.
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You’re not coming, right? Then I’ll go first.
อันนี้an-níiกะโอเคgà-oo-keeแหละlɛ̀ถ้าtâaใครkraiไม่mâiสะดวกsà-dùuakพรุ่งนี้prûng-níiก็gɔ̂เลื่อนlʉ̂ʉanเอาao
This should be okay; if anyone isn’t available tomorrow, we can just postpone.
ฉันchănกะgàจะjàบอกbòkตั้งแต่dtâng dtàeเมื่อวานmêuua waanแต่dtàeเห็นว่าhĕn wâaยุ่งyûngกันganอยู่yòoเลยloieยังไม่ได้yang mâi dâaiพูดpôot
I was going to say it since yesterday, but I saw everyone was busy so I didn’t speak up.