ป้อม
bpɔ̂mMeanings
1Proper nounA2
Pom (nickname)
a common Thai nickname (Pom)
Examples
นี่nîiนี่nîi1this (colloq.)2this; this one (pronoun)3here4here is…; look/listen (attention-getter)5you see; after all (colloq.)เพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉan1friend2classmate; colleague (peer)3companion; fellowผมpǒmผมpǒm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)ชื่อchʉ̂ʉชื่อchʉ̂ʉ1name2[to] be named; be called3reputation; renownป้อมbpɔ̂mป้อมbpɔ̂m1Pom (nickname)2fort; stronghold3guard booth; sentry box4stocky; stumpy (of body or limbs)
This is my friend named Pom.
3 more examplesShow less
Yesterday evening, Pom called me.
Tomorrow, Pom will go to a job interview in Bangkok.
ป้อมbpɔ̂mชอบchɔ̂ɔpอาสาaa-sǎaทำอาหารtam-aa-hǎanเวลาwee-laaเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanมาmaaรวมกลุ่มruuam-glùmเพราะprɔ́เขาkǎoทำกับข้าวtam-gàp-kâaoอร่อยà-rɔ̀iมากmâak
Pom likes to volunteer to cook when friends gather because he cooks very well.
2NounB1
fort; stronghold
a fortified structure used for defense or combat; a fort or stronghold
Examples
กองทัพgɔɔng-tápกองทัพgɔɔng-táp1armed forces; military; army2a large group; hostเข้าไปkâo-bpaiเข้าไปkâo-bpai1[to] go in; enter (away from the speaker)2directional complement: into; in (away from speaker)ยึดyʉ́tยึดyʉ́t1[to] seize; confiscate2[to] hold; grip; fasten; secure3[to] occupy; seize control (of place/vehicle)4[to] adhere to; stick to [sth] (principle/position)5[to] become stiff; seize upป้อมbpɔ̂mป้อมbpɔ̂m1Pom (nickname)2fort; stronghold3guard booth; sentry box4stocky; stumpy (of body or limbs)เก่าgàoเก่าgào1old; not new2former; previous3old-fashioned; outdatedที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerชายแดนchaai-dɛɛnชายแดนchaai-dɛɛnborder; frontierเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเมื่อmʉ̂ʉa1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)ปีที่แล้วbpii-tîi-lɛ́ɛoปีที่แล้วbpii-tîi-lɛ́ɛo1last year; the previous year2last year (time marker)
The army captured the old fort at the border last year.
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ป้อมbpɔ̂mนี้níiสร้างsâangบนbonเนินnəənเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiมองเห็นmɔɔng-hěnข้าศึกkâa-sʉ̀kได้dâaiไกลglaiและlɛ́ยิงyingปืนใหญ่bpʉʉn-yàiได้dâaiสะดวกsà-dùuak
This fort was built on a hill to see enemies from afar and fire cannons easily.
เขาkǎoเล่าlâoเรื่องราวrʉ̂ʉang-raaoของkɔ̌ɔngป้อมbpɔ̂mโบราณboo-raanที่tîiเคยkəəiเป็นbpenจุดยุทธศาสตร์jùt-yút-tá-sàatสำคัญsǎm-kanในnaiสงครามsǒng-kraam
He told the story of an ancient fort that used to be a key strategic point in the war.
แม้mɛ́ɛกำแพงgam-pɛɛngป้อมbpɔ̂mจะjàหนาทึบnǎa-tʉ́pและlɛ́มุมmumยิงyingถูกtùukวางแผนwaang-pɛ̌ɛnอย่างรอบคอบyàang-rɔ̂ɔp-kɔ̂ɔpแต่dtɛ̀ɛก็gɔ̂ยังyangต้านdtâanแรงrɛɛngปืนbpʉʉnสมัยใหม่sà-mǎi-màiได้dâaiไม่นานmâi-naan
Even though the fort’s walls were thick and its firing angles carefully planned, it could not withstand modern artillery for long.
3NounB1
guard booth; sentry box
a small shelter or booth for guards or security staff to check people or vehicles
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toหยุดyùtหยุดyùt1[to] stop; halt2[to] take time off; be off work or schoolรถrótรถrót1vehicle (general)2car; automobileที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerป้อมยามbpɔ̂m-yaamป้อมยามbpɔ̂m-yaam1guard booth; guardhouse; sentry box2police box; police postหน้าnâaหน้าnâa1face2front; frontage3page4next; upcoming5in front; at the front6season; time of year7topping (food)อาคารaa-kaanอาคารaa-kaanbuildingเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofยื่นyʉ̂ʉnยื่นyʉ̂ʉn1[to] hold out; offer (by hand)2[to] extend; protrude3[to] submit; file (form/request)บัตรประชาชนbàt-bprà-chaa-chonบัตรประชาชนbàt-bprà-chaa-chonnational ID card; citizen ID card
I have to stop the car at the guard booth in front of the building to present my ID card.
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ตอนdtɔɔnเข้าkâoหมู่บ้านmùu-bâanเราraoต้องdtɔ̂ngแลกlɛ̂ɛkบัตรbàtที่tîiป้อมยามbpɔ̂m-yaamก่อนgɔ̀ɔnทุกครั้งtúk-kráng
When entering the housing estate, we always have to exchange a card at the guard booth first.
ฝนตกหนักfǒn-dtòk-nàkจนjonป้อมยามbpɔ̂m-yaamลมlomพัดpátสั่นsànแต่dtɛ̀ɛเจ้าหน้าที่jâao-nâa-tîiก็gɔ̂ยังyangตรวจdtrùuatรถrótอย่างละเอียดyàang-lá-ìiat
The rain poured so hard that the guard booth shook in the wind, yet the staff still inspected the cars thoroughly.
ทางเข้าtaang-kâoมหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiมีmiiป้อมยามbpɔ̂m-yaamหลายlǎaiจุดjùtซึ่งsʉ̂ngใช้cháiสแกนบัตรsà-gɛɛn-bàtและlɛ́บันทึกban-tʉ́kทะเบียนรถtá-biian-rótเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaความปลอดภัยkwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-paiของkɔ̌ɔngทุกคนtúk-kon
The university entrance has several guard booths, which are used to scan cards and record license plates for everyone's safety.
4AdjectiveB2
stocky; stumpy (of body or limbs)
short and thick in build; stocky or stumpy (of body or limbs)
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillตัวdtuuaตัวdtuua1body; self; person (colloq.)2classifier: animals, garments, furniture, certain items; people (informal)3character; figureเตี้ยdtîiaเตี้ยdtîia1short (height)2low (objects/structures)ป้อมbpɔ̂mป้อมbpɔ̂m1Pom (nickname)2fort; stronghold3guard booth; sentry box4stocky; stumpy (of body or limbs)แต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)วิ่งwîngวิ่งwîng1[to] run2[to] run (operate; be in service)3[to] flow; courseเร็วreoเร็วreo1fast; quick (speed/time)2quickly; fast3early; soonและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)แข็งแรงkɛ̌ng-rɛɛngแข็งแรงkɛ̌ng-rɛɛng1strong; robust2healthy; fitมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
He is short and stocky, but very fast and strong.
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ขาkǎaของkɔ̌ɔngนักยกน้ำหนักnák-yók-nám-nàkดูduuหนาnǎaป้อมbpɔ̂mทำให้tam-hâiยืนyʉʉnมั่นคงmân-kongเวลาออกwee-laa-ɔ̀ɔkแรงrɛɛng
The weightlifter’s legs look thick and stocky, which makes him stable when exerting force.
แม้mɛ́ɛรูปร่างrûup-râangจะjàป้อมbpɔ̂mท้วมtúuamเธอtəəก็gɔ̂เคลื่อนไหวklʉ̂ʉan-wǎiคล่องแคล่วklɔ̂ɔng-klɛ̂ɛoกว่าที่gwàa-tîiหลายคนlǎai-konคิดkít
Even with a stocky and plump build, she moves more nimbly than many people think.
นิ้วมือníu-mʉʉสั้นsânป้อมbpɔ̂mของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoทำให้tam-hâiจับjàpคอร์ดkɔ́ɔtกีตาร์gii-dtâaยากyâakขึ้นkʉ̂nแต่dtɛ̀ɛเขาkǎoฝึกfʉ̀kจนjonเล่นlênได้dâaiไหลลื่นlǎi-lʉ̂ʉn
His short, stumpy fingers make it harder to hold guitar chords, but he practiced until he could play smoothly.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
bpɔ̂m
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |