เคร่งครัด
krêeng-krátMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
strict; rigorous
firm and exacting in enforcing rules, standards, or discipline; not allowing flexibility
Examples
โรงเรียนroong-riianโรงเรียนroong-riian1school (institution)2school (building)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)เคร่งครัดkrêeng-krátเคร่งครัดkrêeng-krát1strict; rigorous2strictly; rigorouslyเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)การแต่งกายgaan-dtɛ̀ng-gaaiการแต่งกายgaan-dtɛ̀ng-gaaiattire; manner of dressนักเรียนnák-riianนักเรียนnák-riianschool student; pupilที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerไม่ใส่mâi-sàiไม่ใส่mâi-sài1[to] not add; without [sth]2[to] not wearชุดchútชุดchút1set; collection2outfit; suit; uniform3classifier for sets/outfits/equipment4series; batchครบkrópครบkróp1complete; full; all present2in full; completely3[time] to be complete; to reach the full termจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ถูกtùukถูกtùuk1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3to be correct/right4proper; morally right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6passive marker (often adverse)ห้ามhâamห้ามhâam[to] forbid; prohibitเข้าkâoเข้าkâo1[to] enter; go in2[to] put in; insert3[to] understand4[to] join; enter (an organization, school, etc.)5[to] fit; suit; match6rice (archaic; dialectal)7[to] enter; reach (a period or stage)ห้องเรียนhɔ̂ng-riianห้องเรียนhɔ̂ng-riianclassroomทันทีtan-tiiทันทีtan-tiiimmediately; at once
This school is strict about dress codes; students not in full uniform are immediately barred from class.
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ผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanเคร่งครัดkrêeng-krátกับgàpเวลาwee-laaเข้าออกkâo-ɔ̀ɔkงานngaanใครkraiมาmaaสายsǎaiต้องdtɔ̂ngเขียนkǐianรายงานraai-ngaanอธิบายà-tí-baaiเหตุผลhèet-pǒn
The manager is strict about work hours; anyone late must write a report explaining the reason.
กฎgòtความปลอดภัยkwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-paiในnaiโรงงานroong-ngaanถูกtùukบังคับใช้bang-káp-cháiอย่างเคร่งครัดyàang-krêeng-krátจนjonไม่มีmâi-miiใครkraiกล้าglâaละเมิดlá-mə̂ətแม้mɛ́ɛจะjàรีบrîipแค่ไหนkɛ̂ɛ-nǎiก็gɔ̂ต้องdtɔ̂ngทำตามtam-dtaamขั้นตอนkân-dtɔɔnทุกtúkข้อkɔ̂ɔ
Safety rules in the factory are enforced strictly so that no one dares violate them; no matter how rushed, every step must be followed.
อาจารย์aa-jaanเคร่งครัดkrêeng-krátกับgàpมาตรฐานmâat-dtrà-tǎanงานวิจัยngaan-wí-jaiมากmâakหากhàakอ้างอิงâang-ingไม่ครบถ้วนmâi-króp-tûuanจะjàไม่รับmâi-rápตรวจdtrùuatและlɛ́ให้hâiแก้ไขgɛ̂ɛ-kǎiใหม่màiทั้งหมดtáng-mòt
The professor is very strict about research standards; if citations are incomplete, the work will not be reviewed and must be completely revised.
2AdverbB2
strictly; rigorously
in a strict or rigorous manner, following rules or standards closely
Examples
ช่วงchûuangช่วงchûuang1period; span (of time)2span; extent3section; segment (part of something)4range; interval (between limits)5distance between supportsสอบsɔ̀ɔpสอบsɔ̀ɔp1[to] take an exam; sit a test2exam; test (colloq.)3[to] test; examine (ability)มหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiมหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-laiuniversityเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillกำหนดเวลาgam-nòt-wee-laaกำหนดเวลาgam-nòt-wee-laa1deadline; time limit; timeframe2[to] set a deadline; schedule; set a timeframeเข้าkâoเข้าkâo1[to] enter; go in2[to] put in; insert3[to] understand4[to] join; enter (an organization, school, etc.)5[to] fit; suit; match6rice (archaic; dialectal)7[to] enter; reach (a period or stage)ห้องสอบhɔ̂ng-sɔ̀ɔpห้องสอบhɔ̂ng-sɔ̀ɔpexam room; examination room; testing roomอย่างเคร่งครัดyàang-krêeng-krátอย่างเคร่งครัดyàang-krêeng-krátstrictly; rigorously; stringentlyใครkraiใครkrai1who2anyone; whoeverมาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerสายsǎaiสายsǎai1late (in the day); running late2morning (late morning period)3line; wire; cable4route; line (transport/communication)5classifier for long, flexible things (wires, ropes, necklaces)6informant; spy; secret agent7string; strap; band8lineage; affiliation; branch9classifier for rivers and streamsแม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛแม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛeven (emphasizing an extreme or unlikely example)นาทีเดียวnaa-tii-diiaoนาทีเดียวnaa-tii-diiao1only one minute; just a minute2just a minute!ก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerห้ามhâamห้ามhâam[to] forbid; prohibitเข้าkâoเข้าkâo1[to] enter; go in2[to] put in; insert3[to] understand4[to] join; enter (an organization, school, etc.)5[to] fit; suit; match6rice (archaic; dialectal)7[to] enter; reach (a period or stage)
During university exams, they enforce the exam entry time strictly; even being one minute late means you can't enter.
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แม่mɛ̂ɛควบคุมkûuap-kumการกินgaan-ginขนมkà-nǒmของkɔ̌ɔngลูกlûukอย่างเคร่งครัดyàang-krêeng-krátตามdtaamตารางdtaa-raangที่tîiหมอแนะนำmɔ̌ɔ-nɛ́-namทุกวันtúk-wan
The mother strictly controls her child's snack intake, following the schedule the doctor recommended every day.
บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtนี้níiตรวจสอบdtrùuat-sɔ̀ɔpเอกสารèek-gà-sǎanค่าใช้จ่ายkâa-chái-jàaiอย่างเคร่งครัดyàang-krêeng-krátต้องdtɔ̂ngแนบnɛ̂ɛpใบเสร็จbai-sètและlɛ́กรอกgrɔ̀ɔkข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunครบถ้วนkróp-tûuanตามdtaamแบบฟอร์มbɛ̀ɛp-fɔɔm
This company reviews expense documents strictly; receipts must be attached and information must be fully filled out according to the form.
ในnaiการทดลองgaan tót-longห้องแล็บhông làepปฏิบัติตามbpà-dtì-bàt dtaamขั้นตอนkân dtonความปลอดภัยkwaam bplòt paiอย่างเคร่งครัดyàang krêng-krátโดยdoiไม่ยอมให้mâi yom hâiมีmeeการข้ามgaan kâamขั้นตอนkân dtonใดdaiๆ-
In the experiment, the lab follows safety procedures strictly, not allowing any steps to be skipped.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster คร, the first consonant ค sets the class.
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
krêeng
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |