แม้แต่
mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛMeaning
1AdverbB1
even (emphasizing an extreme or unlikely example)
used before a noun, pronoun, or phrase to highlight an extreme or least-expected example; 'even'
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillยุ่งyûngยุ่งyûng1busy; occupied2messy; tangled3complicated; troublesome4[to] meddle; interfere5swarming with flies/mosquitoes (dial.)มากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofไม่มีmâi-miiไม่มีmâi-mii1to not have; lack2there is/are not; does/do not exist3[reply] we don't have it; out of stockเวลากินข้าวwee-laa-gin-kâaoเวลากินข้าวwee-laa-gin-kâaomealtimeแม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛแม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛeven (emphasizing an extreme or unlikely example)น้ำnáamน้ำnáam1water2liquid; fluid3juice; extract4sauce; broth5bodily fluid (in compounds)6served with broth7empty words; fillerก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerยังไม่ได้yang-mâi-dâaiยังไม่ได้yang-mâi-dâai1not yet; haven’t yet2not yet possible; not yet permittedดื่มdʉ̀ʉmดื่มdʉ̀ʉm1[to] drink2[to] drink alcohol
He was so busy he didn't have time to eat; he didn't even drink any water.
3 more examplesShow less
เรื่องrʉ̂ʉangนี้níiเป็นbpenความkwaamลับสุดยอดláp-sùt-yɔ̂ɔtแม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛเพื่อนสนิทpʉ̂ʉan-sà-nìtของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnก็gɔ̂ยังyangไม่mâiรู้rúu
This matter is top secret; even my best friend doesn't know.
ทุกคนtúk-konในnaiห้องhɔ̂ngหัวเราะhǔua-rɔ́เสียงดังsǐiang-dangแม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛอาจารย์aa-jaanที่tîiปกติbpòk-gà-dtìจะjàเคร่งขรึมkrêeng-krʉ̌mก็gɔ̂ยังyangยิ้มyímออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maa
Everyone in the room laughed loudly; even the teacher, who is usually stern, cracked a smile.
ในnaiสังคมปัจจุบันsǎng-kom-bpàt-jù-banแม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛผู้ที่pûu-tîiมีการศึกษาmii-gaan-sʉ̀k-sǎaสูงsǔungก็gɔ̂ยังyangอาจàatตกเป็นเหยื่อdtòk-bpen-yʉ̀ʉaของkɔ̌ɔngข่าวปลอมkàao-bplɔɔmได้dâaiหากhàakขาดkàatวิจารณญาณwí-jaa-rá-ná-yaan
In today's society, even highly educated people can fall victim to fake news if they lack critical judgment.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
mɛ́ɛ
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + Mai tho → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
แต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)but; however (contrast)Part 2
แม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛแม้แต่mɛ́ɛ-dtɛ̀ɛeven (emphasizing an extreme or unlikely example)even (emphasizing an extreme or unlikely example)Word