กร่อน
grɔ̀ɔnMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] erode; wear away
to be gradually worn away or reduced by friction, weather, water, or time; to erode
Examples
หินhĭnหินhĭn1stone; rock2gravel; small stones3hard; tough (figurative)ริมทะเลrim tá-layริมทะเลrim tá-layseaside; by the sea; seashore; coastถูกtòokถูกtòok1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3to be correct/right4proper; morally right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6passive marker (often adverse)คลื่นklêunคลื่นklêun1wave (water/sea)2wave (physics; signal/EM)3surge; influx4broadcast frequency; radio bandซัดsátซัดsát1[to] hurl; fling; throw hard2[to] lash; batter (waves/wind)3[to] gobble; chug (slang)4[to] blame; shift blame (colloquial)5[to] beat up; punch; strike (colloquial)6[to] shoot forcefully (sports, colloquial)7[to] sweep; drive [sth] alongจนกร่อนjon grònเป็นโพรงbpen prohngเป็นโพรงbpen prohng[to] be hollow; [to] have a cavityเล็กๆlék lékเล็กๆlék lék1small; little; tiny (softened by reduplication)2slightly; a little
The rocks by the sea have been eroded by the waves into small cavities.
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ลมlomพัดpátทรายsaaiใส่sàiหน้าผาnâa păaทั้งปีtáng bpeeทำให้tam hâiผิวหินpĭu hĭnกร่อนgrònลงlongเรื่อยๆrêuuai-rêuuai
Wind blows sand against the cliff all year, gradually wearing the rock away.
แม่น้ำmɛ̂ɛ-náamไหลเชี่ยวlǎi-chîiaoกร่อนgrɔ̀ɔnตลิ่งdtà-lìngจนjonแนวnɛɛoดินdinถอยร่นtɔ̌ɔi-rônเข้าใกล้kâo-glâiถนนtà-nǒn
The swift river current erodes the riverbank, causing the soil line to retreat toward the road.
กาลเวลาgaan-wee-laaชะล้างchá-láangและlɛ́กร่อนgrɔ̀ɔnลวดลายlûuat-laaiโบราณboo-raanบนbonเจดีย์jee-diiให้hâiจางหายไปjaang-hǎai-bpaiทีละน้อยtii-lá-nɔ́ɔi
Time has washed and eroded the ancient motifs on the stupa, making them fade little by little.
2VerbB2
[to] corrode
to be eaten away by a chemical process, such as rust or acid
Examples
เหล็กlèkเหล็กlèk1iron (metal)2rebar; steel bar3steel4iron (golf club)ที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerทิ้งไว้tíng wáiทิ้งไว้tíng wái1[to] leave [sth] to sit/remain (for a time)2[to] leave [sth] behindในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)สารละลายsăan-lá-laaiสารละลายsăan-lá-laaisolution (chemistry)กรดgròtกรดgròt1acid (chemistry)2acidic (of environment/solution)นานnaanนานnaan1for a long time2long (in duration)ๆ-เริ่มrêrmเริ่มrêrm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toกร่อนgrònกร่อนgròn1[to] erode; wear away2[to] corrode3[to] diminish; weaken (figurative)จนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofเป็นรูbpen rooเป็นรูbpen roohaving a hole; perforated
The steel left in the acid solution for a long time started to be corroded until holes formed.
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ท่อtɔ̂ɔทองแดงtɔɔng-dɛɛngกร่อนgrɔ̀ɔnเพราะprɔ́สัมผัสsǎm-pàtสารเคมีsǎan-kee-miiจากjàakโรงงานroong-ngaanทำให้tam-hâiน้ำรั่วnáam-rûua
The copper pipe was corroded due to exposure to chemicals from the factory, causing a leak.
หากhàakไม่mâiเคลือบklʉ̂ʉapกันสนิมgan-sà-nǐmโครงสร้างเหล็กkroong-sâang-lèkจะjàกร่อนgrɔ̀ɔnจากjàakปฏิกิริยาออกซิเดชันbpà-dtì-gì-rí-yaa-ɔ̀ɔk-sí-dee-chânโดยdooiความชื้นkwaam-chʉ́ʉnและlɛ́ไอเกลือai-glʉʉa
If not rust-proofed, the steel structure will be corroded by oxidation from moisture and salt vapor.
ชิ้นส่วนchín-sùuanแบตเตอรี่bɛ̀t-dtəə-rîiที่tîiสัมผัสsǎm-pàtอิเล็กโทรไลต์ì-lék-troo-láiมีแนวโน้มmii-nɛɛo-nóomกร่อนgrɔ̀ɔnเร็วreoจึงjʉngต้องdtɔ̂ngใช้cháiวัสดุwát-sà-dùทนกรดton-gròt
Battery components that contact the electrolyte tend to corrode quickly, so acid-resistant materials are required.
3VerbC1
[to] diminish; weaken (figurative)
to reduce or weaken gradually, such as credibility, influence, or value
Examples
ข่าวลือkàao leuuข่าวลือkàao leuurumor; hearsayซ้ำsámซ้ำsám1again; repeatedly2[to] repeat; do again3duplicate; repeated; identical4on top of that; moreover (worsening)ๆ-กร่อนgrònกร่อนgròn1[to] erode; wear away2[to] corrode3[to] diminish; weaken (figurative)ความน่าเชื่อถือkwaam nâa chêuua tĕuความน่าเชื่อถือkwaam nâa chêuua tĕu1credibility; trustworthiness2reliability; dependabilityของเขาkŏng kăoของเขาkŏng kăohis; hers; theirsทีละน้อยtee-lá nóiทีละน้อยtee-lá nóilittle by little; gradually
Repeated rumors gradually erode his credibility.
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การgaanตัดงบประมาณdtàt-ngóp-bprà-maanต่อเนื่องdtɔ̀ɔ-nʉ̂ʉangกำลังgam-langกร่อนgrɔ̀ɔnอิทธิพลìt-tí-ponของkɔ̌ɔngหน่วยงานnùuai-ngaanในnaiสายตาsǎai-dtaaสาธารณชนsǎa-taa-rá-ná-chon
Ongoing budget cuts are gradually weakening the agency's influence in the public eye.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaแบรนด์brɛɛnไม่mâiรับผิดชอบráp-pìt-chɔ̂ɔpต่อdtɔ̀ɔข้อร้องเรียนkɔ̂ɔ-rɔ́ɔng-riianความไว้วางใจkwaam-wái-waang-jaiของkɔ̌ɔngลูกค้าlûuk-káaก็gɔ̂ถูtǔuกกgòkร่อนลงrɔ̂ɔn-longทีละน้อยtii-lá-nɔ́ɔi
When the brand fails to address complaints, customer trust is gradually eroded.
การสื่อสารgaan-sʉ̀ʉ-sǎanที่tîiคลุมเครือklum-krʉʉaจากjàakผู้นำpûu-namกร่อนgrɔ̀ɔnความชอบธรรมkwaam-chɔ̂ɔp-tamของkɔ̌ɔngนโยบายná-yoo-baaiจนjonเหลือlʉ̌ʉaเพียงpiiangกรอบgrɔ̀ɔpคำพูดkam-pûut
Vague communication from leaders erodes the legitimacy of the policy until only rhetoric remains.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster กร, the first consonant ก sets the class.
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
grɔ̀ɔn
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |