อุทลุม

ù-tá-lum

Meanings

1NounC2

lawsuit by a descendant against an ascendant

a legal case in which a descendant sues an ascendant, such as a child suing a parent or grandparent; this is generally prohibited under Thai law

Examples

ตามกฎหมายdtaam-gòt-mǎaiตามกฎหมายdtaam-gòt-mǎailegally; lawfully; by lawไทยtaiไทยtai1Thai (language)2Thai; of Thailand3Thai personคดีká-diiคดีká-diilegal case; lawsuitอุทลุมù-tá-lumอุทลุมù-tá-lum1lawsuit by a descendant against an ascendant2against tradition; immoralเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)เรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)ต้องห้ามdtɔ̂ng-hâamต้องห้ามdtɔ̂ng-hâamforbidden; prohibited; banned; tabooเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingลูกlûukลูกlûuk1child; son; daughter2offspring (of animals); young3ball; spherical object4fruit5classifier: fruits, balls, and certain other objectsไม่สามารถmâi-sǎa-mâatไม่สามารถmâi-sǎa-mâat[to] be unable (to); cannotฟ้องร้องfɔ́ɔng-rɔ́ɔngฟ้องร้องfɔ́ɔng-rɔ́ɔng[to] sue; [to] bring a lawsuitพ่อแม่pɔ̂ɔ-mɛ̂ɛพ่อแม่pɔ̂ɔ-mɛ̂ɛparentsของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsตนเองdton-eengตนเองdton-eeng1oneself (reflexive pronoun)2one's own (possessive)3the self; one's identityได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action marker
Under Thai law, an Uthaloam case is prohibited because a child cannot sue their own parents.
3 more examples
2AdjectiveC2

against tradition; immoral

contrary to custom, tradition, or morals; outrageous or unlawful

Examples

การกระทำgaan-grà-tamการกระทำgaan-grà-tam1action; act; deed2conduct (as judged)อันanอันan1thing; item; one2general classifier for objects, items, or abstract things3which; that (relative pronoun, formal/literary)4as for; concerning (formal/literary topic marker)อุทลุมù-tá-lumอุทลุมù-tá-lum1lawsuit by a descendant against an ascendant2against tradition; immoralเช่นนี้chên-níiเช่นนี้chên-níi1like this; in this way; thus (formal)2such; of this kind/typeไม่ควรmâi-kuuanไม่ควรmâi-kuuan1should not; ought not2inappropriate; improperเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂nเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂n[to] happen; occur; arise; emerge; come into beingในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)สังคมsǎng-komสังคมsǎng-kom1social studies (subject)2society; community3social; societal4social circle; social worldที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoวัฒนธรรมwát-tá-ná-tamวัฒนธรรมwát-tá-ná-tamcultureและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ประเพณีbprà-pee-niiประเพณีbprà-pee-nii1tradition; custom2ritual; ceremonial customอันanอันan1thing; item; one2general classifier for objects, items, or abstract things3which; that (relative pronoun, formal/literary)4as for; concerning (formal/literary topic marker)ดีงามdii-ngaamดีงามdii-ngaam1beautiful; admirable2awesome!; excellent! (colloq.)3virtuous; morally good
Such outrageous actions should not occur in a society with good culture and traditions.
3 more examples

Tones

See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.

Why is อุทลุม said อุ-ทะ-ลุม?

ù-tá-lum

The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.

3 syllables · pick one to see its rule

How the tone is decided

  1. Consonant classMid class
  2. Tone markNo tone mark
  3. Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.

Mid class consonants

กจฎฏดตบปอ

Result

Low tone

ù

Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.

Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low

Tone chart

Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.

Mid classHigh classLow class
No mark + liveMidRisingMid
No mark + dead shortLowLowHigh
No mark + dead longLowLowFalling
Mai ekLowLowFalling
Mai thoFallingFallingHigh
Mai triHigh——
Mai chattawaRising——
Work out any syllable's tone in the tone calculator