ข้อห้าม
kɔ̂ɔ-hâamMeanings
1NounB1
prohibition; taboo
a rule, condition, or itemized restriction that forbids something; a cultural or institutional taboo.
Examples
วัดwátวัดwát1to measure2Buddhist temple3to gauge; assessนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâam1prohibition; taboo2contraindication (medicine)ไม่ให้mâi-hâiไม่ให้mâi-hâi1[to] not give; withhold; refuse to give2[to] not allow; not let; forbid3so that not; in order to preventผู้หญิงpûu-yǐngผู้หญิงpûu-yǐng1woman; girl; female person2women's; female (as modifier)ใส่sàiใส่sài1[to] put in; [to] add2[to] wear; [to] put on3[to] include; [to] insert (data, settings)4[to] attack; [to] go at (colloq.)กางเกงขาสั้นgaang-geeng-kǎa-sânกางเกงขาสั้นgaang-geeng-kǎa-sânshorts
This temple has a rule forbidding women from wearing shorts.
3 more examplesShow less
นักท่องเที่ยวnák-tɔ̂ɔng-tîiaoควรkuuanศึกษาsʉ̀k-sǎaข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamและlɛ́ธรรมเนียมปฏิบัติtam-niiam-bpà-dtì-bàtของkɔ̌ɔngแต่ละdtɛ̀ɛ-láสถานที่sà-tǎan-tîiก่อนgɔ̀ɔnเดินทางdəən-taangไปbpai
Tourists should study the prohibitions and customs of each place before traveling there.
ในnaiหอพักhɔ̌ɔ-pákมีmiiข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamชัดเจนchát-jeenเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangการส่งเสียงดังgaan-sòng-sǐiang-dangหลังlǎngสี่ทุ่มsìi-tûm
In the dormitory, there is a clear rule against making loud noises after 10 PM.
การเหยียบgaan-yìiapธรณีtɔɔ-rá-niiประตูbprà-dtuuถือเป็นtʉ̌ʉ-bpenข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamตามdtaamความเชื่อโบราณkwaam-chʉ̂ʉa-boo-raanเพราะprɔ́เชื่อว่าchʉ̂ʉa-wâaเป็นที่bpen-tîiสถิตsà-tìtของkɔ̌ɔngวิญญาณwin-yaanผู้พิทักษ์pûu-pí-ták
Stepping on a threshold is a prohibition according to ancient beliefs, as it is believed to be where a guardian spirit resides.
2NounC1
contraindication (medicine)
a medical reason or condition for which a particular treatment, drug, or procedure should not be used.
Examples
ยาแก้ปวดyaa-gɛ̂ɛ-bpùuatยาแก้ปวดyaa-gɛ̂ɛ-bpùuatpainkiller; pain relieverชนิดchá-nítชนิดchá-nít1kind; type; category2classifier for kinds/types3species; kind (biology)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâam1prohibition; taboo2contraindication (medicine)ใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ผู้ป่วยpûu-bpùuaiผู้ป่วยpûu-bpùuaipatient; sick personที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)โรคกระเพาะอาหารrôok-grà-pɔ́-aa-hǎanโรคกระเพาะอาหารrôok-grà-pɔ́-aa-hǎanstomach disease; gastritis; stomach ulcer
This type of painkiller is contraindicated for patients with stomach ulcers.
3 more examplesShow less
การตั้งครรภ์gaan-dtâng-kanเป็นbpenข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamสำหรับsǎm-ràpการใช้ยาgaan-chái-yaaบางชนิดbaang-chá-nítเพราะprɔ́อาจàatส่งผลกระทบต่อsòng-pǒn-grà-tóp-dtɔ̀ɔทารกtaa-rókในnaiครรภ์kanได้dâai
Pregnancy is a contraindication for the use of certain medications because it could affect the fetus.
แม้ว่าmɛ́ɛ-wâaผู้ป่วยpûu-bpùuaiจะมีjà-miiภาวะpaa-wáไตdtaiวายwaaiซึ่งsʉ̂ngเป็นbpenข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamสัมพัทธ์sǎm-pátแต่dtɛ̀ɛแพทย์pɛ̂ɛtก็gɔ̂ตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiให้hâiยาyaaโดยdooiปรับขนาดbpràp-kà-nàatยาyaaอย่างระมัดระวังyàang-rá-mát-rá-wang
Although the patient has renal failure, which is a relative contraindication, the doctor decided to administer the drug with careful dose adjustment.
เอกสารèek-gà-sǎanกำกับgam-gàpยาyaaระบุrá-bùข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamใช้cháiอย่างเด็ดขาดyàang-dèt-kàatในnaiผู้ที่pûu-tîiมีmiiประวัติbprà-wàtการแพ้ยาgaan-pɛ́ɛ-yaaซัลฟาsan-faaอย่างรุนแรงyàang-run-rɛɛng
The drug information sheet specifies an absolute contraindication in individuals with a history of severe allergic reaction to sulfa drugs.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Falling tone
kɔ̂ɔ
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
High class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ข้อkɔ̂ɔข้อkɔ̂ɔ1item; point; clause2classifier: items/points/clauses/questions3joint (anatomy)4condition; term5node; joint; segment (botany/zoology)item; point; clausePart 1
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ข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamข้อห้ามkɔ̂ɔ-hâamprohibition; tabooprohibition; tabooWord