ย่ำ
yâmMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] tread; trample; stamp
To press or step heavily with the feet; to trample or stamp on.
Examples
อย่าyàaอย่าyàadon’t; do not (negative imperative)ย่ำyâmย่ำyâm1[to] tread; trample; stamp2[to] beat a gong or drum repeatedly to mark the timeแปลงดอกไม้bplɛɛng-dɔ̀ɔk-máaiแปลงดอกไม้bplɛɛng-dɔ̀ɔk-máaiflower bedเดี๋ยวdǐiaoเดี๋ยวdǐiao1soon; in a moment2for a moment; briefly; one moment3wait! just a moment4otherwise; or else (colloq.)5alternating; now … now …ก้านgâanก้านgâan1stem; stalk (botany)2shaft; rod; shank3classifier for stems and certain slender objectsหักhàkหักhàk1[to] break; snap2broken; snapped3[to] deduct; withhold4[to] swerve; turn the wheel sharply5[to] bend; fold back6minus; lessหมดmòtหมดmòt1all gone; none left2[to] run out; be used up3completely; entirely4in total; altogether
Don't trample the flower beds or the stems will all break
7 more examplesShow less
The crowd was so angry that they stomped on the billboard until it broke
เขาkǎoเผลอplə̌əย่ำyâmรองเท้าrɔɔng-táaoเปื้อนbpʉ̂ʉanโคลนkloonเข้าไปkâo-bpaiบนbonพรมpromใหม่màiของkɔ̌ɔngเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉan
He accidentally stepped heavily with muddy shoes onto his friend's new carpet
ตำรวจdtam-rùuatกันganพื้นที่pʉ́ʉn-tîiเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiใครkraiเข้ามาkâo-maaย่ำyâmหลักฐานlàk-tǎanที่tîiตกอยู่dtòk-yùuบนbonพื้นpʉ́ʉn
The police cordoned off the area to prevent anyone from trampling the evidence on the ground
The children ran to make footprints in the snow in front of the school until their shoes got wet.
เราraoเดินdəənย่ำyâmดินdinที่tîiชื้นchʉ́ʉnหลังlǎngฝนตกfǒn-dtòkทิ้งtíngรอยเท้าrɔɔi-táaoเป็นbpenทางยาวtaang-yaao
We walked and made impressions in the moist soil after the rain, leaving a long trail of footprints.
He likes to step on the sand by the sea to make heart-shaped patterns.
นักปีนเขาnák-bpiin-kǎoย่ำyâmหิมะหนาhì-má-nǎaทึบtʉ́pจนjonเกิดgə̀ətรอยเท้าrɔɔi-táaoชัดเจนchát-jeenบนbonสันเขาsǎn-kǎo
The hikers stepped through the thick snow, leaving clear footprints along the ridge.
2VerbB2
[to] beat a gong or drum repeatedly to mark the time
To strike a gong or drum repeatedly to signal a traditional time division, as in expressions marking dawn or dusk.
Examples
สมัยก่อนsà-mǎi-gɔ̀ɔnสมัยก่อนsà-mǎi-gɔ̀ɔn1formerly; in the past; back then2the old days; former timesคนkonคนkon1person; human2classifier: peopleเฝ้าfâoเฝ้าfâo1[to] watch over; guard; keep; monitor2[to] attend; sit by; keep vigil3keep (doing); continually4[to] await; watch forวัดwátวัดwát1to measure2Buddhist temple3to gauge; assessจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)ย่ำyâmย่ำyâm1[to] tread; trample; stamp2[to] beat a gong or drum repeatedly to mark the timeกลองglɔɔngกลองglɔɔng1drum2classifier: ใบ, ลูกตอนรุ่งสางdtɔɔn-rûng-sǎangตอนรุ่งสางdtɔɔn-rûng-sǎang1dawn; daybreak2at dawnเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofบอกเวลาbɔ̀ɔk-wee-laaบอกเวลาbɔ̀ɔk-wee-laa[to] tell the timeให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanชาวบ้านchaao-bâan1villagers; locals; rural residents2ordinary people; laypeople; the public3folksy; colloquial; plain (as a modifier)รู้rúuรู้rúu1[to] know; be aware of2[to] realize; find out; learn3[to] know how; know the proper way to act4[to] feel; sense; perceive
In the past, the temple watchman would beat the drum repeatedly at dawn to let the villagers know the time.
3 more examplesShow less
พอpɔɔถึงเวลาtʉ̌ng-wee-laaพลบค่ำplóp-kâmเขาkǎoก็gɔ̂ย่ำyâmฆ้องkɔ́ɔngเป็นbpenสัญญาณsǎn-yaanว่าwâaหมดmòtเวลากลางวันwee-laa-glaang-wanแล้วlɛ́ɛo
At dusk, he struck the gong repeatedly to signal that the day had ended.
เสียงกลองsǐiang-glɔɔngที่tîiคนkonเฝ้าfâoวัดwátย่ำyâmเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaรุ่งสางrûng-sǎangไม่ได้mâi-dâaiเป็นเพียงbpen-piiangสัญญาณsǎn-yaanบอกเวลาbɔ̀ɔk-wee-laaแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangเป็นส่วนหนึ่งbpen-sùuan-nʉ̀ngของkɔ̌ɔngวิถีชีวิตwí-tǐi-chii-wítชุมชนchum-chonในอดีตnai-à-dìit
The drumbeats sounded repeatedly by the temple watchman at dawn were not merely a time signal but also part of community life in the past.
แม้mɛ́ɛทุกtúkบ้านbâanจะมีjà-miiนาฬิกาnaa-lí-gaaแล้วlɛ́ɛoแต่dtɛ̀ɛวัดwátแห่งนี้hɛ̀ng-níiยังคงyang-kongย่ำyâmกลองglɔɔngบอกเวลาbɔ̀ɔk-wee-laaย่ำค่ำyâm-kâmตามธรรมเนียมdtaam-tam-niiamเดิมdəəm
Although every household now has a clock, this temple still beats the drum repeatedly to mark dusk, following the old custom.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
yâm
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |