ตัน
dtanMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
blocked; clogged
blocked so that flow is obstructed; clogged (e.g., ท่อตัน, จมูกตัน)
Examples
จมูกjà-mùukจมูกjà-mùuk1nose2nose (of an object)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ตันdtanตันdtan1blocked; clogged2ton; tonne (metric unit)3dense; solid (not hollow)4stuck; out of ideasเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingเป็นหวัดbpen-wàtเป็นหวัดbpen-wàt[to] have a coldหายใจhǎai-jaiหายใจhǎai-jai[to] breathe; respireไม่ค่อยmâi-kɔ̂iไม่ค่อยmâi-kɔ̂i1rarely; seldom; not often2not very; hardly (degree)สะดวกsà-dùuakสะดวกsà-dùuak1convenient2available; free (time)
My nose is clogged because of a cold; I can’t breathe well.
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เมื่อเช้าmʉ̂ʉa-cháoท่อtɔ̂ɔหน้าบ้านnâa-bâanตันdtanน้ำnáamไหลlǎiย้อนyɔ́ɔnขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaเลอะเทอะlə́-tə́ไปหมดbpai-mòt
This morning the drain in front of the house was clogged, and the water backed up and made a mess.
The air was so dusty that my nose was clogged all day.
ช่างchângตรวจdtrùuatแล้วlɛ́ɛoบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaท่อระบายน้ำtɔ̂ɔ-rá-baai-náamตันdtanเพราะprɔ́ไขมันkǎi-manสะสมsà-sǒmต้องdtɔ̂ngใช้cháiน้ำยาnáam-yaaละลายlá-laaiคราบkrâapก่อนจะgɔ̀ɔn-jàเปิดทางbpə̀ət-taangให้น้ำhâi-náamไหลlǎiได้dâai
The technician checked and said the drain was clogged due to accumulated grease; we need a solvent to clear it before water can flow.
2NounB1
ton; tonne (metric unit)
a unit of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms (metric ton/tonne)
Examples
รถบรรทุกrót-ban-túkรถบรรทุกrót-ban-túktruck; lorryคันkanคันkan1itchy2[to] itch; feel itchy3classifier for vehicles4lever; handle5shaft; rod; pole6classifier for fishing rods; poles; handlesนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)บรรทุกban-túkบรรทุกban-túk[to] load; [to] carry (cargo)ได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerสิบsìpสิบsìp1ten2ten; unit of tenตันdtanตันdtan1blocked; clogged2ton; tonne (metric unit)3dense; solid (not hollow)4stuck; out of ideas
This truck can carry ten tons.
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โรงงานroong-ngaanตั้งเป้าdtâng-bpâoผลิตpà-lìtข้าวสารkâao-sǎanให้ได้hâi-dâaiห้าร้อยhâa-rɔ́ɔiตันdtanต่อเดือนdtɔ̀ɔ-dʉʉan
The factory targets producing five hundred tons of rice per month.
เรือประมงrʉʉa-bprà-mongกลับglàpเข้าkâoฝั่งfàngพร้อมprɔ́ɔmปลาทูน่าbplaa-tuu-nâaกว่าgwàaสามสิบsǎam-sìpตันdtan
The fishing boat returned to shore with over thirty tons of tuna.
โครงการkroong-gaanนี้níiต้องdtɔ̂ngใช้cháiเหล็กเสริมlèk-sə̌əmหลายlǎaiร้อยrɔ́ɔiตันdtanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaหล่อโครงสร้างlɔ̀ɔ-kroong-sâangหลักlàkของkɔ̌ɔngอาคารaa-kaan
This project requires several hundred tons of rebar to cast the building’s main structure.
3AdjectiveB2
dense; solid (not hollow)
solid or packed tightly; not hollow; thick and heavy in substance (e.g., เนื้อไม้ตัน)
Examples
โต๊ะdtóโต๊ะdtó1table2deskนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ทำจากtam-jàakทำจากtam-jàak1[to] be made of/from [sth]2[to] make [sth] from [sth]ไม้เนื้อแข็งmáai-nʉ́ʉa-kɛ̌ngไม้เนื้อแข็งmáai-nʉ́ʉa-kɛ̌ng1hardwood (timber)2hardwood-yielding treeทั้งtángทั้งtáng1whole; entire2all3both4altogether; entirelyแผ่นpɛ̀nแผ่นpɛ̀n1sheet; slab; panel2classifier for flat items3disc; recordรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀kรู้สึกrúu-sʉ̀k1[to] feel; sense2[to] feel that…; think (impression/opinion)หนักnàkหนักnàk1heavy (weight)2serious; severe3heavily; severely; intensely4difficult; tough (mentally/physically demanding)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ตันdtanตันdtan1blocked; clogged2ton; tonne (metric unit)3dense; solid (not hollow)4stuck; out of ideasมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
This table is made from a solid slab of hardwood; it feels heavy and dense.
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The walls of the old house are built with solid brick, so they insulate sound well.
ประตูbprà-dtuuนี่nîiเป็นbpenเหล็กตันlèk-dtanไม่ใช่mâi-châiกลวงgluuangจึงjʉngทนต่อton-dtɔ̀ɔแรงกระแทกrɛɛng-grà-tɛ̂ɛkได้dâaiดีกว่าdii-gwàa
This door is solid steel, not hollow, so it withstands impact better.
งานแกะสลักngaan-gɛ̀-sà-làkชิ้นนี้chín-níiสลักsà-làkจากjàakไม้สักmáai-sàkตันdtanทั้งtángท่อนtɔ̂nทำให้tam-hâiรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatคมkomและlɛ́ผิวpǐuแน่นnɛ̂nเนียนniian
This carving is made from a solid log of teak, giving it sharp detail and a dense, smooth surface.
4AdjectiveB2
stuck; out of ideas
mentally blocked; unable to think of ideas or solutions (e.g., คิดงานไม่ออก สมองตันสมองตันsà-mɔ̌ɔng-dtan[to] have a mental block)
Examples
คิดkítคิดkít1[to] think; consider2[to] calculate; figure out3[to] charge (a price)4[to] intend; planแคมเปญkɛɛm-bpeenแคมเปญkɛɛm-bpeencampaign (marketing/political)ทั้งวันtáng-wanทั้งวันtáng-wanall day; the whole dayแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)ยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)ตันdtanตันdtan1blocked; clogged2ton; tonne (metric unit)3dense; solid (not hollow)4stuck; out of ideasอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainไม่ได้mâi-dâaiไม่ได้mâi-dâai1cannot; not allowed; impossible2did not3[to] fail to get/receive [sth]4unacceptable; not allowed (won’t do)5No way!; absolutely not6not really/actually (corrective)ไอเดียai-diiaไอเดียai-diiaidea; thoughtใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)เลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceed
I’ve been thinking about the campaign all day and I’m still blocked, no new ideas at all.
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พอเจอpo jerคำถามkam tăamสดsòtๆ-ผมpŏmตันdtanไปbpaiชั่วครู่chûua krûuไม่รู้mâi rúuจะjàตอบdtòpยังไงyang ngai
When I faced the impromptu question, my mind went blank for a moment; I didn’t know how to answer.
นั่งnângหน้าจอnâa-jɔɔจนดึกjon-dʉ̀kสมองsà-mɔ̌ɔngเริ่มrə̂əmตันdtanเลยləəiหยุดพักyùt-pákเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเคลียร์kliiaหัวhǔua
After sitting in front of the screen late into the night, my brain started to feel blocked, so I took a break to clear my head.
ไอเดียตันai-diia-dtanเพราะprɔ́กรอบgrɔ̀ɔpโจทย์jòotแคบkɛ̂ɛpเกินไปgəən-bpaiลองlɔɔngเปลี่ยนbplìianสมมติฐานsǒm-mót-dtì-tǎanก่อนgɔ̀ɔnแล้วlɛ́ɛoค่อยkɔ̂iระดมความคิดrá-dom-kwaam-kít
We’re out of ideas because the brief is too narrow; let’s change the assumptions first and then brainstorm.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dtan
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |