ขวาน
kwǎanMeanings
1NounA2
axe; ax
a tool with a heavy sharp blade attached to a handle, used for chopping or splitting wood
Examples
พ่อpɔ̂ɔพ่อpɔ̂ɔ1father; dad2sir; mister (rural/archaic)3prefix: male person; leader; father figureใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderขวานkwǎanขวานkwǎan1axe; ax2classifier: เล่มผ่าไม้pàa-máaiผ่าไม้pàa-máai[to] split wood lengthwiseหน้าบ้านnâa-bâanหน้าบ้านnâa-bâan1front of the house; frontage2front office; customer-facing side
Dad uses an axe to split wood in front of the house.
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เมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waanฉันchǎnลองใช้lɔɔng-cháiขวานkwǎanฟันfanท่อนไม้tɔ̂n-máaiแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangไม่mâiถนัดtà-nàt
Yesterday I tried using an axe to chop a log, but I'm still not skilled.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiช่างchângจะjàเอาขวานao-kwǎanมาช่วยmaa-chûuaiตัดdtàtฟืนfʉʉnสำหรับsǎm-ràpก่อไฟgɔ̀ɔ-fai
Tomorrow the worker will bring an axe to help cut firewood.
ปู่bpùuเลือกlʉ̂ʉakขวานkwǎanที่tîiใบมีดbai-mîitหนักnàkและlɛ́คมkomเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiผ่าไม้pàa-máaiแข็งkɛ̌ngได้dâaiรวดเร็วrûuat-reoขึ้นkʉ̂n
Grandpa chooses an axe with a heavy, sharp blade to split hard wood more quickly.
2ClassifierB1
classifier: เล่มเล่มlêm1CL: books/volumes/issues2classifier: knives, swords, candles, carts
The classifier used when counting axes or hatchets is เล่มเล่มlêm1CL: books/volumes/issues2classifier: knives, swords, candles, carts.
Examples
ร้านนี้ráan-níiร้านนี้ráan-níithis shop; this storeมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoขวานkwǎanขวานkwǎan1axe; ax2classifier: เล่มอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainสามsǎamสามsǎamthree (3)ขวานkwǎanขวานkwǎan1axe; ax2classifier: เล่มครับkrápครับkráppolite particle (male speaker)ผมpǒmผมpǒm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)ขอkɔ̌ɔขอkɔ̌ɔ1[to] request; ask for [sth]2polite request marker3[to] beg; plead4[to] wish for; pray forยืมyʉʉmยืมyʉʉm1[to] borrow [sth]2[to] borrow [an idea, style, etc.]หนึ่งnʉ̀ngหนึ่งnʉ̀ng1one (number)2a; one; a single3a certain; a particular4first; top; foremostขวานkwǎanขวานkwǎan1axe; ax2classifier: เล่มได้ไหมdâai-mǎiได้ไหมdâai-mǎi1is it possible/allowed?; OK?2could you ... ? (request softener)
This shop has three axes; may I borrow one axe?
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ช่างไม้châng-máaiบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiผมpǒmหยิบyìpขวานkwǎanสองขวานsɔ̌ɔng-kwǎanกับgàpมีดmîitหนึ่งnʉ̀ngเล่มlêmไปbpaiช่วยงานchûuai-ngaan
The carpenter told me to bring two axes and one knife to help with the work.
เวลาwee-laaเขียนkǐianรายการraai-gaanอุปกรณ์ù-bpà-gɔɔnโปรดระบุbpròot-rá-bùจำนวนjam-nuuanเป็นbpenขวานkwǎanกี่gìiขวานkwǎanเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiจ่ายjàaiของkɔ̌ɔngได้dâaiถูกต้องtùuk-dtɔ̂ng
When writing the equipment list, please specify how many axes, so items can be issued correctly.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh classConsonant clusterIn the cluster ขว, the first consonant ข sets the class.
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Rising tone
kwǎan
Dips low first, then rises clearly.
High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |