คะนอง
ká-nɔɔngMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
boisterous; high-spirited
full of lively, bold energy, often behaving in a wild or unruly way
Examples
เด็กผู้ชายdèk-pûu-chaaiเด็กผู้ชายdèk-pûu-chaaiboy; male child/youthคะนองká-nɔɔngคะนองká-nɔɔng1boisterous; high-spirited2rash; overconfident3[to] be boisterous; [to] act unrulyกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)สนามsà-nǎamสนามsà-nǎam1field; court; pitch; ground2yard; open ground3area; sphere (of activity)4field (physics)เล่นlênเล่นlên1[to] play; have fun2[to] play (game/sport/instrument)3[to] act; perform (role)4casually; for fun (manner marker)5[to] tease; kid; mess with6[to] play (audio or video)7[to] use; engage in; take up (colloq.)ชนchonชนchon1[to] crash; collide2[to] clink (glasses); toast3people; tribe; classกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkเสียงดังsǐiang-dangเสียงดังsǐiang-dang1loud; noisy (high volume)2a loud noiseจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofคุณครูkun-kruuคุณครูkun-kruu1teacher (polite/honorific)2Teacher (respectful title or address)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toเตือนdtʉʉanเตือนdtʉʉan1[to] remind2[to] warn3[to] caution; admonish
The boys were full of wild energy on the field, bumping into each other loudly until the teacher had to warn them.
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ลูกสุนัขlûuk-sù-nákคะนองká-nɔɔngจนjonวิ่งไล่wîng-lâiกัดgàtรองเท้าrɔɔng-táaoทุกคนtúk-konในบ้านnai-bâan
The puppy was so lively that it ran around chasing and biting everyone’s shoes in the house.
วัยรุ่นwai-rûnกลุ่มglùmนั้นnánคะนองká-nɔɔngขี่kìiมอเตอร์ไซค์mɔɔ-dtəə-sáiซิกแซกsík-sɛ̂ɛkบนbonถนนtà-nǒnทำให้tam-hâiคนkonแถวนั้นtɛ̌ɛo-nánตกใจdtòk-jai
That group of teenagers, full of bold energy, weaved their motorcycles through traffic, startling the people around.
พอเจอpo jerฝนfŏnแรกrâekเด็กๆdèk dèkคะนองká-nongกระโดดgrà-dòhtลุยluiน้ำnáamจนjonเปียกbpìiakมอมแมมmom maemทั้งตัวtáng dtuua
When the first rain came, the kids, brimming with unruly energy, jumped and splashed in the water until they were soaked and dirty.
2AdjectiveC1
rash; overconfident
acting with excessive boldness or lack of restraint; impulsively daring
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillขี่kìiขี่kìi1[to] ride2[to] bully; lord overมอเตอร์ไซค์mɔɔ-dtəə-sáiมอเตอร์ไซค์mɔɔ-dtəə-sái1motorcycle; motorbike2classifier: คันคะนองká-nɔɔngคะนองká-nɔɔng1boisterous; high-spirited2rash; overconfident3[to] be boisterous; [to] act unrulyฝ่าไฟแดงfàa-fai-dɛɛngฝ่าไฟแดงfàa-fai-dɛɛng[to] run a red lightโดยdooiโดยdooi1by; via; through2in a ... way; -lyไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)คิดถึงkít-tʉ̌ngคิดถึงkít-tʉ̌ng1[to] miss [sb/sth]; long for2[to] think of; remember [sb/sth]ผลpǒnผลpǒn1classifier: fruits2result; outcome3fruit (formal)4benefit; advantageตามมาdtaam-maaตามมาdtaam-maa1[to] follow; come after2[to] ensue; result
He rode his motorcycle recklessly, running a red light without thinking of the consequences.
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นักลงทุนnák-long-tunคะนองká-nɔɔngทุ่มtûmเงินก้อนngən-gɔ̂ɔnใหญ่yàiทั้งที่táng-tîiยังไม่ได้yang-mâi-dâaiศึกษาsʉ̀k-sǎaความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangให้hâiรอบด้านrɔ̂ɔp-dâan
The bold investor threw in a large sum of money despite not having thoroughly studied the risks.
คำพูดkam-pûutคะนองká-nɔɔngของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoในnaiที่ประชุมtîi-bprà-chumทำให้tam-hâiแผนที่pɛ̌ɛn-tîiยังyangไม่mâiสุกงอมsùk-ngɔɔmถูกtùukผลักดันplàk-danแบบbɛ̀ɛpหุนหันพลันแล่นhǔn-hǎn-plan-lɛ̂ɛn
His rash words in the meeting pushed forward a plan that wasn't ready in an impulsive manner.
ด้วยdûuaiความkwaamคะนองká-nɔɔngเขาkǎoท้าทายtáa-taaiขอบเขตอำนาจkɔ̀ɔp-kèet-am-nâatของkɔ̌ɔngผู้บังคับบัญชาpûu-bang-káp-ban-chaaโดยdooiไม่mâiชั่งน้ำหนักchâng-nám-nàkผลเสียpǒn-sǐiaที่tîiอาจàatตามมาdtaam-maa
In a burst of bold impulsiveness, he challenged his superior’s authority without weighing the potential fallout.
3VerbC1
[to] be boisterous; [to] act unruly
to behave in a lively, wild, or unrestrained way; to be exuberant and hard to control
Examples
เด็กๆdèk dèkเด็กๆdèk dèk1children; kids2childish; immature3easy; trivial (colloquial)คะนองká-nongคะนองká-nong1boisterous; high-spirited2rash; overconfident3[to] be boisterous; [to] act unrulyกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkใหญ่yàiใหญ่yài1big; large2major; important3elder; seniorกระโดดgrà-dòhtกระโดดgrà-dòht1[to] jump; leap2[to] rise sharply (fig.)วิ่งไล่wîng lâiวิ่งไล่wîng lâi[to] chase [sb/sth] (by running)กันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofคุณครูkun kruuคุณครูkun kruu1teacher (polite/honorific)2Teacher (respectful title or address)ห้ามhâamห้ามhâam[to] forbid; prohibitแทบtâepแทบtâep1almost; nearly2virtually; practicallyไม่อยู่mâi yòoไม่อยู่mâi yòo[to] be absent; [to] be out
The kids were being rambunctious, jumping and chasing each other to the point the teacher could hardly control them.
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พอpɔɔฝนตกfǒn-dtòkถนนลื่นtà-nǒn-lʉ̂ʉnเขาkǎoกลับglàpขี่kìiมอเตอร์ไซค์mɔɔ-dtəə-sáiคะนองká-nɔɔngเร่งเครื่องrêng-krʉ̂ʉangเสียงดังsǐiang-dangจนjonคนkonแถวนั้นtɛ̌ɛo-nánตกใจdtòk-jai
When it started raining and the road was slippery, he rode his motorcycle recklessly, revving loudly and startling the neighbors.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàเตือนdtʉʉanกันganแล้วlɛ́ɛoหลายlǎaiครั้งkrángแต่dtɛ̀ɛพอpɔɔเข้าkâoทีมtiimใหม่màiเขาkǎoก็gɔ̂มักmákคะนองká-nɔɔngแสดงฝีมือsà-dɛɛng-fǐi-mʉʉเกินgəənขอบเขตkɔ̀ɔp-kèetจนjonเสียรูปsǐia-rûupเกมgeem
Even after many warnings, once he joins the team he often gets carried away, showing off beyond limits and ruining the game plan.
พลังpá-langวัยรุ่นwai-rûnที่tîiคะนองká-nɔɔngหากhàakไม่mâiถูกtùukกำกับgam-gàpด้วยdûuaiวินัยwí-naiก็gɔ̂มักmákระเบิดrá-bə̀ətออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaเป็นbpenพฤติกรรมprʉ́t-dtì-gamเสี่ยงsìiangที่tîiควบคุมยากkûuap-kum-yâak
If youthful exuberance isn’t guided by discipline, it often erupts into risky behavior that’s hard to control.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
ká
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
คะkáคะká1polite particle (female; question softener)2polite address or response particle (female speech)polite particle (female; question softener)Part 1
+
นองnɔɔngนองnɔɔng1[to] be flooded; be water-covered; overflow2flooded; covered with liquid[to] be flooded; be water-covered; overflowPart 2
คะนองká-nɔɔngคะนองká-nɔɔngboisterous; high-spiritedboisterous; high-spiritedWord