แผ่
pɛ̀ɛMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] spread; extend
to open out, stretch, or extend over a wider area (e.g., wings, branches, mat)
Examples
นกnókนกnók1bird2classifier for birds (ตัว)3[to] get stood up; miss out (slang)แผ่pɛ̀ɛแผ่pɛ̀ɛ1[to] spread; extend2[to] radiate; emit3[to] disseminate; propagate4[to] extend loving-kindness; share meritปีกbpìikปีกbpìik1wing (animal/aircraft)2wing (building/theater)3wing (sports position)4side; flank; wing (political/factional side)5year of age (elephants, cattle) [classifier]กว้างgwâangกว้างgwâang1wide; broad2spacious; roomy3extensive; wide-ranging; broad in scope
The bird spreads its wings wide.
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The snake flares its hood when someone comes close.
She spreads a mat on the grass for a picnic.
กิ่งไม้gìng-máaiแผ่ออกpɛ̀ɛ-ɔ̀ɔkไปbpaiเหนือnʉ̌ʉaระเบียงrá-biiangทำให้เกิดtam-hâi-gə̀ətร่มเงาrôm-ngaoเย็นสบายyen-sà-baai
The branches extend over the balcony, creating a cool shade.
2VerbB1
[to] radiate; emit
to give off or send out (light, heat, influence, or feeling)
Examples
ถ่านหินtàan-hǐnถ่านหินtàan-hǐncoal (rock fuel)ยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)แผ่pɛ̀ɛแผ่pɛ̀ɛ1[to] spread; extend2[to] radiate; emit3[to] disseminate; propagate4[to] extend loving-kindness; share meritความร้อนkwaam-rɔ́ɔnความร้อนkwaam-rɔ́ɔn1heat; hotness2heat (physics, transfer)3heat; thermal energy (nontechnical)อยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainนานnaanนานnaan1for a long time2long (in duration)หลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: building; house; structureไฟfaiไฟfai1fire; flame2electricity; power3light (from a lamp)4signal light; indicator5anger; passion (figurative)มอดmɔ̂ɔtมอดmɔ̂ɔt1weevil; borer; storage beetle2[to] die out; burn out3burnt out; extinguished4[to] fade away; die out (figurative)
The charcoal continues to give off heat long after the fire dies.
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The small bulb gives off a warm light, making the room feel softer.
รอยยิ้มrɔɔi-yímของkɔ̌ɔngเธอtəəแผ่pɛ̀ɛความรู้สึกkwaam-rúu-sʉ̀kสบายใจsà-baai-jaiจนjonคนรอบข้างkon-rɔ̂ɔp-kâangผ่อนคลายpɔ̀ɔn-klaai
Her smile radiates a sense of comfort that relaxes those around her.
คำพูดkam-pûutของkɔ̌ɔngผู้นำpûu-namแผ่pɛ̀ɛอิทธิพลìt-tí-ponเชิงบวกchəəng-bùuakต่อdtɔ̀ɔบรรยากาศการทำงานban-yaa-gàat-gaan-tam-ngaanทั้งtángทีมtiim
The leader’s words send out a positive influence on the team’s working atmosphere.
3VerbB1
[to] disseminate; propagate
to spread or circulate widely (e.g., news, information, doctrine, influence)
Examples
ข่าวลือkàao-lʉʉข่าวลือkàao-lʉʉrumor; hearsayเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangเรื่องrʉ̂ʉang1matter; issue; subject2story; tale3classifier for stories/films/cases4about; regarding (as a topic marker)ปิดbpìtปิดbpìt1[to] close; shut2[to] turn off; switch off3closed; shut; not open4[to] cover; seal5[to] block; conceal; suppress; withholdโรงเรียนroong-riianโรงเรียนroong-riian1school (institution)2school (building)แผ่pɛ̀ɛแผ่pɛ̀ɛ1[to] spread; extend2[to] radiate; emit3[to] disseminate; propagate4[to] extend loving-kindness; share meritไปทั่วbpai-tûuaไปทั่วbpai-tûua1[to] go everywhere; travel all over2all over; everywhere (extent marker)หมู่บ้านmùu-bâanหมู่บ้านmùu-bâan1village; hamlet2housing estate; gated communityภายในpaai-naiภายในpaai-nai1inside; internal2inside; indoors3within; inside (place/scope)4within (time limit); byวันเดียวwan-diiaoวันเดียวwan-diiaoone day
The rumor about closing the school spread throughout the village within a day.
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โพสต์póhtนี้néeแผ่pàeข้อมูลkôr moonผิดๆpìt pìtอย่างรวดเร็วyàang rûuat-reoจนjonคนkonจำนวนมากjam-nuuan mâakหลงเชื่อlŏng chêuua
This post spread false information so quickly that many people were misled.
คำสอนkam-sɔ̌ɔnของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoแผ่pɛ̀ɛไปbpaiในnaiกลุ่มวัยรุ่นglùm-wai-rûnผ่านpàanวิดีโอสั้นwí-dii-oo-sânและlɛ́พอดแคสต์pɔ̂ɔt-kɛ́ɛt
His teachings spread among teenagers through short videos and podcasts.
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaข่าวkàaoการทุจริตgaan-tút-jà-rìtแผ่pɛ̀ɛไปสู่bpai-sùuสาธารณะsǎa-taa-rá-náความเชื่อมั่นkwaam-chʉ̂ʉa-mânต่อdtɔ̀ɔองค์กรong-gɔɔnก็gɔ̂สั่นคลอนsàn-klɔɔn
When the corruption news spread to the public, confidence in the organization was shaken.
4VerbB1
[to] extend loving-kindness; share merit
To direct loving-kindness toward others or share religious merit with them, as in แผ่เมตตาแผ่เมตตาpɛ̀ɛ-mêet-dtaa[to] spread loving-kindness and แผ่ส่วนบุญ.
Examples
หลวงตาlǔuang-dtaaหลวงตาlǔuang-dtaaelderly Buddhist monk; venerable elder monkแผ่เมตตาpɛ̀ɛ-mêet-dtaaแผ่เมตตาpɛ̀ɛ-mêet-dtaa[to] spread loving-kindnessให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)สรรพสัตว์sàp-pá-sàtสรรพสัตว์sàp-pá-sàtall beings; all sentient creaturesหลังlǎngหลังlǎng1back (of body)2rear; back (part)3behind; at the back of4after; later than5CL: building; house; structureสวดมนต์sùuat-monสวดมนต์sùuat-mon1[to] chant/recite prayers2prayer chanting; recitationทุกคืนtúk-kʉʉnทุกคืนtúk-kʉʉnevery night
The monk extends loving-kindness to all beings after chanting every night.
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ในnaiวันเกิดwan-gə̀ətเธอtəəเธอtəəแผ่บุญpɛ̀ɛ-bunให้hâiญาติyâatที่tîiล่วงลับlûuang-lápและlɛ́คนkonที่tîiกำลังgam-langเจ็บป่วยjèp-bpùuai
On her birthday, she dedicated merit to deceased relatives and those who are ill.
ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanร่วมกันrûuam-ganแผ่ทานpɛ̀ɛ-taanแจกjɛ̀ɛkอาหารaa-hǎanและlɛ́ผ้าห่มpâa-hòmให้hâiผู้ยากไร้pûu-yâak-rái
The villagers collectively offered alms, distributing food and blankets to the needy.
หลังlǎngพิธีpí-tiiทำบุญtam-bunเราraoตั้งใจdtâng-jaiแผ่เมตตาpɛ̀ɛ-mêet-dtaaอย่างต่อเนื่องyàang-dtɔ̀ɔ-nʉ̂ʉangเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเกื้อกูลgʉ̂ʉa-guunผู้ที่pûu-tîiกำลังgam-langเผชิญpà-chəənทุกข์túk
After the merit-making ceremony, we continued to radiate compassion to support those facing hardship.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
pɛ̀ɛ
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |