เกรี้ยว
grîiaoMeanings
1AdjectiveC2
furious; enraged; wrathful (literary)
Extremely angry; furious; wrathful. Used mainly in literary or formal Thai, often in the collocation โกรธเกรี้ยวโกรธเกรี้ยวgròot-grîiao1[to] be furious; be enraged2furious; very angry meaning 'furiously angry'.
Examples
พอpɔɔพอpɔɔ1enough; sufficient2enough; sufficiently3[to] suffice; be enough4quite; rather; fairly5as soon as; whenรู้rúuรู้rúu1[to] know; be aware of2[to] realize; find out; learn3[to] know how; know the proper way to act4[to] feel; sense; perceiveว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeโดนdoonโดนdoon1[to] hit; make contact with [sb/sth]2[to] get; be subjected to (passive, often negative)3[to] be hit; be struck; be affected4[to] hit the mark; be spot on (slang/colloq.)5for a long time (Isan)หักหลังhàk-lǎngหักหลังhàk-lǎng[to] betray; stab in the backสีหน้าsǐi-nâaสีหน้าsǐi-nâafacial expressionของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎohis; hers; theirsก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerเปลี่ยนเป็นbplìian-bpenเปลี่ยนเป็นbplìian-bpen1[to] become; turn into2[to] switch to; change to3[to] convert [sth] to; change [sth] intoโกรธเกรี้ยวgròot-grîiaoโกรธเกรี้ยวgròot-grîiao1[to] be furious; be enraged2furious; very angryทันทีtan-tiiทันทีtan-tiiimmediately; at once
When he found out he was betrayed, his expression immediately turned furious.
3 more examplesShow less
น้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiangของเขาkɔ̌ɔng-kǎoเกรี้ยวกราดgrîiao-gràatเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaลูกน้องlûuk-nɔ́ɔngทำงานtam-ngaanผิดพลาดpìt-plâatซ้ำแล้วซ้ำเล่าsám-lɛ́ɛo-sám-lâo
His tone of voice was furious when his subordinates made the same mistake over and over again.
เบื้องหลังbʉ̂ʉang-lǎngท่าทีtâa-tiiที่tîiสงบนิ่งsǒng-bìn-ngîngของkɔ̌ɔngเธอtəəซ่อนsɔ̂ɔnความโกรธเกรี้ยวkwaam-gròot-grîiaoที่tîiพร้อมprɔ́ɔmจะjàปะทุbpà-túออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaได้dâaiทุกเมื่อtúk-mʉ̂ʉa
Behind her calm demeanor, a furious anger was hidden, ready to erupt at any moment.
ในnaiพงศาวดารpong-sǎa-wá-daanบรรยายban-yaaiว่าwâaพระเนตรprá-nêetที่tîiเกรี้ยวgrîiaoโกรธgròotของkɔ̌ɔngองค์ongกษัตริย์gà-sàtทำให้tam-hâiเหล่าlàoขุนนางkǔn-naangต่างdtàangก้มหน้าgôm-nâaด้วยdûuaiความหวาดกลัวkwaam-wàat-gluua
The chronicles describe that the king's wrathful gaze made all the courtiers bow their heads in fear.
2AdjectiveC2
raging; violent; fierce (of storms, waves, etc.)
Describes something intense and violent, such as a storm or waves; fierce and raging, chiefly in literary or formal use.
Examples
ชาวประมงchaao-bprà-mongชาวประมงchaao-bprà-mongfisher; fisherman/fisherwoman; fisherfolkต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toต่อสู้dtɔ̀ɔ-sûuต่อสู้dtɔ̀ɔ-sûu1[to] fight; struggle2[to] compete; contendเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofควบคุมเรือkûuap-kum-rʉʉaควบคุมเรือkûuap-kum-rʉʉa[to] control a ship/boatท่ามกลางtâam-glaangท่ามกลางtâam-glaang1amid; among2amid (situations)คลื่นลมklʉ̂ʉn-lomคลื่นลมklʉ̂ʉn-lom1wind and waves; sea state2turmoil; turbulence (figurative)อันanอันan1thing; item; one2general classifier for objects, items, or abstract things3which; that (relative pronoun, formal/literary)4as for; concerning (formal/literary topic marker)เกรี้ยวกราดgrîiao-gràatเกรี้ยวกราดgrîiao-gràat1furious; raging (of a person’s mood or behavior)2violent; stormy (of natural forces)
The fishermen had to struggle to control the boat amidst the fierce wind and waves.
3 more examplesShow less
ในnaiวรรณคดีwan-ná-ká-diiมักmákพรรณนาถึงpan-ná-naa-tʉ̌ngท้องทะเลtɔ́ɔng-tá-leeอันanเกรี้ยวกราดgrîiao-gràatเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaสะท้อนsà-tɔ́ɔnความวุ่นวายkwaam-wûn-waaiในใจnai-jaiของkɔ̌ɔngตัวละครdtuua-lá-kɔɔn
Literature often describes a fierce, raging sea to reflect the turmoil in a character's heart.
ขณะที่kà-nà-tîiพายุpaa-yúโหมกระหน่ำhǒom-grà-nàmกระแสgrà-sɛ̌ɛคลื่นklʉ̂ʉnอันanเกรี้ยวgrîiaoก็gɔ̂ซัดsátเข้าหาkâo-hǎaชายฝั่งchaai-fàngอย่างรุนแรงyàang-run-rɛɛng
As the storm raged, the fierce waves crashed violently against the shore.
ภาพวาดpâap wâatพายุpaa-yúในnaiทะเลtá-layขkhaของkŏngศิลปินsĭn-lá-bpinชั้นครูchán krooสามารถsăa-mâatถ่ายทอดtàai tôtพลังpá-langอันanเกรี้ยวกราดgrîao gràatของkŏngธรรมชาติtam-má-châatได้dâiอย่างน่าทึ่งyàang nâa tûeng
The master artist's painting of the sea storm breathtakingly captures the fierce power of nature.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster กร, the first consonant ก sets the class.
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
grîiao
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |