กริ้ว
grîuMeaning
1VerbB2
[to] be angry; be furious
to be angry or furious; formal/literary usage, often used of a high-status person
Examples
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเมื่อmʉ̂ʉa1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)ท่านประธานtân-bprà-taanท่านประธานtân-bprà-taan1Mr./Madam Chair (form of address)2the chairperson (honorific reference)ได้ยินdâi-yinได้ยินdâi-yin1[to] hear2[to] hear of; be told; learn (by hearing)ว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeลูกน้องlûuk-nɔ́ɔngลูกน้องlûuk-nɔ́ɔng1subordinate; junior staff; underling2follower in a gang or groupทำงานtam-ngaanทำงานtam-ngaan1[to] work; do one's job; be on duty2[to] function; operateพลาดplâatพลาดplâat1[to] miss; fail to catch; fail to attend2[to] make a mistake; slip up3mistaken; in errorเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerกริ้วgrîuกริ้วgrîu[to] be angry; be furiousมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
When the president heard his subordinate made a mistake, he was very furious.
3 more examplesShow less
ในnaiละครlá-kɔɔnพระราชาprá-raa-chaaทรงsongกริ้วgrîuที่tîiข้าราชบริพารkâa-râat-chá-bɔɔ-rí-paanไม่mâiทำตามtam-dtaamรับสั่งráp-sàng
In the play, the king was furious that his courtier did not follow his command.
เสียงsǐiangตวาดdtà-wàatอันเนื่องมาจากan-nʉ̂ʉang-maa-jàakความkwaamกริ้วgrîuของkɔ̌ɔngท่านtânแม่ทัพmɛ̂ɛ-tápทำให้tam-hâiเหล่าlàoทหารtá-hǎanเงียบกริบngîiap-grìp
The shout, resulting from the general's fury, made the soldiers fall completely silent.
เพียงแค่piiang-kɛ̂ɛได้ยินdâi-yinชื่อchʉ̂ʉศัตรูsàt-dtruuคู่kûuอาฆาตaa-kâatสีหน้าsǐi-nâaของkɔ̌ɔngท่านtânเจ้าสัวjâao-sǔuaก็gɔ̂เปลี่ยนเป็นbplìian-bpenแดงก่ำdɛɛng-gàmและlɛ́ทรงsongกริ้วgrîuขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaทันทีtan-tii
Just hearing the name of his nemesis, the tycoon's face turned crimson and he immediately became enraged.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid classConsonant clusterIn the cluster กร, the first consonant ก sets the class.
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
grîu
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |