พยาน
pá-yaanMeanings
1NounB1
witness (person)
a person who sees an event or has knowledge of it and can describe what happened
Examples
มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoพยานpá-yaanพยานpá-yaan1witness (person)2witness (in court)3evidence; proofเห็นhěnเห็นhěn1[to] see2[to] notice; [to] realize; [to] find (that)3[to] think; [to] be of the opinion4[to] consider; [to] regard asอุบัติเหตุù-bàt-dtì-hèetอุบัติเหตุù-bàt-dtì-hèetaccident; mishapและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)เล่าlâoเล่าlâo1[to] tell; narrate; recount2particle (emphasis/insistence)ว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeรถrótรถrót1vehicle (general)2car; automobileคันkanคันkan1itchy2[to] itch; feel itchy3classifier for vehicles4lever; handle5shaft; rod; pole6classifier for fishing rods; poles; handlesไหนnǎiไหนnǎi1which (asking to choose)2which one; which person/thing3where (question)4any; whichever (in indefinite constructions)ชนchonชนchon1[to] crash; collide2[to] clink (glasses); toast3people; tribe; classก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; former
There was a witness who saw the accident and said which car hit first.
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เพื่อนบ้านpʉ̂ʉan-bâanสองsɔ̌ɔngคนkonเป็นbpenพยานpá-yaanว่าwâaไฟดับfai-dàpตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛช่วงหัวค่ำchûuang-hǔua-kâmจนถึงjon-tʉ̌ngเที่ยงคืนtîiang-kʉʉn
Two neighbors were witnesses that the power went out from early evening until midnight.
เด็กdèkในnaiร้านráanเป็นbpenพยานpá-yaanเขาkǎoจำได้jam-dâaiว่าwâaผู้ชายpûu-chaaiคนkonนั้นnánสวมsǔuamเสื้อsʉ̂ʉaสีแดงsǐi-dɛɛngและlɛ́พูดpûutเสียงดังsǐiang-dang
The child in the shop was a witness; he remembered that the man wore a red shirt and spoke loudly.
ในnaiงานเทศกาลngaan-têet-sà-gaanคนkonจำนวนมากjam-nuuan-mâakทำหน้าที่tam-nâa-tîiเป็นbpenพยานpá-yaanเหตุการณ์hèet-gaanไฟfaiลุกlúkจากjàakเวทีwee-tiiและlɛ́การอพยพgaan-òp-pá-yópอย่างyàangเป็นระเบียบbpen-rá-bìiap
At the festival, many people served as witnesses to the stage catching fire and the orderly evacuation.
2NounB1
witness (in court)
a person who gives evidence or testimony in a legal proceeding
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillถูกtùukถูกtùuk1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3to be correct/right4proper; morally right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6passive marker (often adverse)ศาลsǎanศาลsǎan1court (of law)2shrine; spirit houseเรียกrîiakเรียกrîiak1[to] call [sb/sth] (by name); name2[to] call out; summon; hail3[to] ask for; charge; demandเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)พยานpá-yaanพยานpá-yaan1witness (person)2witness (in court)3evidence; proofในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)คดีká-diiคดีká-diilegal case; lawsuitนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiพรุ่งนี้prûng-níi1tomorrow (the day after today)2tomorrow; on the day after today
He has been summoned by the court to be a witness in this case tomorrow.
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ทนายความtá-naai-kwaamถามtǎamพยานpá-yaanทีละtii-láคำถามkam-tǎamเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunชัดเจนchát-jeen
The lawyer questioned the witness one question at a time to clarify the information.
พยานpá-yaanให้การhâi-gaanต่อหน้าdtɔ̀ɔ-nâaผู้พิพากษาpûu-pí-pâak-sǎaและlɛ́คณะลูกขุนká-ná-lûuk-kǔnอย่างyàangมั่นใจmân-jai
The witness testified confidently before the judge and the jury.
ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnขึ้นkʉ̂nให้การhâi-gaanพยานpá-yaanต้องdtɔ̂ngสาบานsǎa-baanว่าwâaจะjàพูดpûutความจริงkwaam-jingทั้งหมดtáng-mòtตามdtaamกระบวนการgrà-buuan-gaanของkɔ̌ɔngศาลsǎan
Before testifying, the witness must swear to tell the whole truth according to court procedure.
3NounB2
evidence; proof
Something used to establish or support a fact, including testimony, documents, or physical objects, especially in legal proceedings.
Examples
ทนายtá-naaiทนายtá-naailawyer; attorneyยื่นyʉ̂ʉnยื่นyʉ̂ʉn1[to] hold out; offer (by hand)2[to] extend; protrude3[to] submit; file (form/request)พยานpá-yaanพยานpá-yaan1witness (person)2witness (in court)3evidence; proofเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)คำให้การkam-hâi-gaanคำให้การkam-hâi-gaan1formal statement; testimony2defendant's plea; answerเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ลายลักษณ์อักษรlaai-lák-àk-sɔ̌ɔnลายลักษณ์อักษรlaai-lák-àk-sɔ̌ɔn1written form; written record2written; in written formเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofยืนยันyʉʉn-yanยืนยันyʉʉn-yan1[to] confirm; affirm2[to] insist; stand firm3[to] verify; validate; authenticateข้อเท็จจริงkɔ̂ɔ-tét-jingข้อเท็จจริงkɔ̂ɔ-tét-jing1fact; objective truth2facts of the case; findingsในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)คดีká-diiคดีká-diilegal case; lawsuit
The lawyer submitted testimony in written form as evidence to confirm the facts in the case.
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ศาลsăanรับrápพยานpá-yaanที่têeเป็นbpenคำบอกเล่าkam bòk lâoของkŏngผู้เชี่ยวชาญpûu chîiao chaanเพื่อpêuuaประกอบbprà-gòpดุลยพินิจdun-la-ya-pí-nít
The court accepted testimony consisting of an expert's account to support its consideration.
พยานpá-yaanที่tîiจำเลยjam-ləəiยกขึ้นyók-kʉ̂nคือkʉʉคำอธิบายkam-à-tí-baaiเหตุผลhèet-pǒnการgaanไม่อยู่mâi-yùuในnaiที่เกิดเหตุtîi-gə̀ət-hèetซึ่งsʉ̂ngจำเป็นต้องjam-bpen-dtɔ̂ngถูกtùukไต่สวนdtài-sǔuanความน่าเชื่อถือkwaam-nâa-chʉ̂ʉa-tʉ̌ʉ
The testimony raised by the defendant is an alibi explaining absence from the scene, which must be examined for credibility.
อัยการai-yá-gaanคัดค้านkát-káanพยานpá-yaanที่tîiเป็นbpenคำแถลงkam-tà-lɛ̌ɛngในnaiชั้นchánสอบสวนsɔ̀ɔp-sǔuanโดยdooiอ้างว่าâang-wâaเป็นbpenพยานpá-yaanบอกเล่าbɔ̀ɔk-lâoที่tîiไม่อาจmâi-àatรับฟังráp-fangได้dâai
The prosecutor objected to the testimony given during the investigation, claiming it was hearsay and inadmissible.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is พยาน said พะ-ยาน?
pá-yaan
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
pá
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |