ผนึก
pà-nʉ̀kMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] seal; close tightly; affix (stamp/seal)
To seal or close something so contents cannot escape; also to affix or apply a seal or stamp.
Examples
กรุณาgà-rú-naaกรุณาgà-rú-naa1please (polite/formal request)2kindness; benevolence3kind; benevolentผนึกpà-nʉ̀kผนึกpà-nʉ̀k1[to] seal; close tightly; affix (stamp/seal)2[to] unite; combine; consolidate; integrate3seal; closureซองจดหมายsɔɔng-jòt-mǎaiซองจดหมายsɔɔng-jòt-mǎaienvelope (for a letter)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)แน่นnɛ̂nแน่นnɛ̂n1tight; secure; firm2crowded; packed3uncomfortably full; bloated; tight4solid; reliable; certain (figurative)ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerส่งsòngส่งsòng1[to] send; dispatch2[to] submit; hand in; turn in3[to] drop off; deliver (someone/something)4[to] pass (to); feed (a ball)5[to] emit; transmit; send out6[to] escort; see off
Please seal the envelope tightly before sending.
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เจ้าหน้าที่jâao-nâa-tîiผนึกถุงpà-nʉ̀k-tǔngตัวอย่างdtuua-yàangด้วยdûuaiเทปtêepพิเศษpí-sèetเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganการรั่วไหลgaan-rûua-lǎi
The officer sealed the sample bag with special tape to prevent leakage.
He used hot wax to affix a seal onto the document.
โรงงานroong-ngaanต้องdtɔ̂ngผนึกpà-nʉ̀kฝาขวดfǎa-kùuatแบบbɛ̀ɛpสุญญากาศsǔn-yaa-gàatเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiสินค้าsǐn-káaปลอดเชื้อbplɔ̀ɔt-chʉ́ʉaและlɛ́ไม่mâiหกhòkเลอะlə́
The factory must vacuum-seal the bottle caps so the product stays sterile and doesn’t spill.
2VerbB2
[to] unite; combine; consolidate; integrate
To bring parts, groups, or forces together into one; to consolidate or integrate.
Examples
สองsɔ̌ɔngสองsɔ̌ɔng1two; 22secondหน่วยงานnùuai-ngaanหน่วยงานnùuai-ngaan1agency; department; bureau2unit (organizational)ผนึกกำลังpà-nʉ̀k-gam-langผนึกกำลังpà-nʉ̀k-gam-lang[to] join forcesกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofแก้ปัญหาgɛ̂ɛ-bpan-hǎaแก้ปัญหาgɛ̂ɛ-bpan-hǎa[to] solve; fix; resolve a problemขยะkà-yàขยะkà-yà1trash; garbage; rubbish2junk; worthless stuff (figurative)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ชุมชนchum-chonชุมชนchum-choncommunity
Two agencies joined forces to solve the community waste problem.
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บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtผนึกpà-nʉ̀kทีมวิจัยtiim-wí-jaiกับgàpฝ่ายการตลาดfàai-gaan-dtà-làatเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaพัฒนาผลิตภัณฑ์pát-tá-naa-pà-lìt-dtà-panใหม่mài
The company integrated the research team with the marketing department to develop a new product.
รัฐบาลrát-tà-baanตั้งdtângคณะทำงานká-ná-tam-ngaanเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaผนึกpà-nʉ̀kทรัพยากรsáp-pá-yaa-gɔɔnและlɛ́ข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunจากjàakหลายlǎaiกระทรวงgrà-suuang
The government set up a task force to consolidate resources and data from multiple ministries.
โครงการkroong-gaanนี้níiมุ่งmûngผนึกpà-nʉ̀kพลังpá-langของkɔ̌ɔngภาคประชาสังคมpâak-bprà-chaa-sǎng-komนักวิชาการnák-wí-chaa-gaanและlɛ́ธุรกิจtú-rá-gìtเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaสร้างsâangผลกระทบpǒn-grà-tópที่tîiยั่งยืนyâng-yʉʉn
This project aims to unite the power of civil society, academics, and businesses to create a sustainable impact.
3NounB2
seal; closure
Something used to seal or close an opening, such as the seal on a letter or package.
Examples
จดหมายราชการjòt-mǎai-râat-chá-gaanจดหมายราชการjòt-mǎai-râat-chá-gaanofficial letter; government letterฉบับchà-bàpฉบับchà-bàp1classifier for documents/printed texts2issue; edition; copyนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoตราdtraaตราdtraa1emblem; seal; insignia2brand; trademark3[to] stamp; [to] affix seal4medal; order (decoration)5[to] brand; [to] mark6[to] promulgate; [to] issue (a law/decree)ผนึกpà-nʉ̀kผนึกpà-nʉ̀k1[to] seal; close tightly; affix (stamp/seal)2[to] unite; combine; consolidate; integrate3seal; closureของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsหน่วยงานnùuai-ngaanหน่วยงานnùuai-ngaan1agency; department; bureau2unit (organizational)กำกับgam-gàpกำกับgam-gàp1[to] supervise; oversee; control2[to] direct (film, play, etc.)3[to] mark; label; annotate4accompanying; attached for referenceอยู่ที่yùu-tîiอยู่ที่yùu-tîi1[to] be at; be located at2[to] be at (a level/amount)3[to] depend on; be up toหน้าnâaหน้าnâa1face2front; frontage3page4next; upcoming5in front; at the front6season; time of yearเอกสารèek-gà-sǎanเอกสารèek-gà-sǎan1document2documentation
This official letter bears the agency’s seal on the front of the document.
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ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnส่งsòngใบรับรองbai-ráp-rɔɔngเจ้าหน้าที่jâao-nâa-tîiจะjàผนึกpà-nʉ̀kตราdtraaและlɛ́ลงนามlong-naamรับรองráp-rɔɔngความถูกต้องkwaam-tùuk-dtɔ̂ng
Before sending the certificate, the officer will affix the seal and sign to certify its accuracy.
สัญญาsǎn-yaaฉบับchà-bàpจริงjingต้องdtɔ̂ngประทับตราbprà-táp-dtraaผนึกpà-nʉ̀kจึงjʉngจะมีjà-miiผลpǒnตามกฎหมายdtaam-gòt-mǎai
The original contract must bear an official seal to be legally effective.
เอกสารสำคัญèek-gà-sǎan-sǎm-kanถูกtùukผนึกpà-nʉ̀kด้วยdûuaiครั่งkrângและlɛ́ตราประทับdtraa-bprà-tápเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganการgaanแก้ไขปลอมแปลงgɛ̂ɛ-kǎi-bplɔɔm-bplɛɛng
The important document was sealed with wax and a stamp to prevent tampering or forgery.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ผนึก said ผะ-หนึก?
pà-nʉ̀k
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
pà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |