ครั่ง
krângMeanings
1NounB2
lac; shellac resin
a natural resin secreted by lac insects, used to make shellac, varnish, dye, and polish.
Examples
ช่างไม้châang-máaiช่างไม้châang-máaicarpenter; woodworkerใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderครั่งkrângครั่งkrâng1lac; shellac resin2lac dyeเคลือบผิวklʉ̂ʉap-pǐuเคลือบผิวklʉ̂ʉap-pǐu[to] coat [sth]; [to] glaze [sth]โต๊ะdtóโต๊ะdtótable; deskให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)เงางามngao-ngaamเงางามngao-ngaamshiny; glossy; lustrous; gleamingและกันlɛ́-ganและกันlɛ́-ganthen; in that case (colloq.)ความชื้นkwaam-chʉ́ʉnความชื้นkwaam-chʉ́ʉnhumidity; moisture; dampness
The carpenter used lac resin to polish the table’s surface, making it glossy and moisture-resistant.
3 more examplesShow less
โรงงานrohng ngaanเล็กlékๆ-นี้néeทำtamแล็กเกอร์láek-gêrจากjàakครั่งkrângที่têeได้dâiจากjàakแมลงmá-laengครั่งkrângในnaiท้องถิ่นtóng tìn
This small factory makes lacquer from lac resin obtained from local lac insects.
ช่างchâangวรรณกรรมwan-ná-gamไทยtaiสมัยก่อนsà-mǎi-gɔ̀ɔnนิยมní-yomใช้cháiครั่งkrângผสมpà-sǒmยางไม้yaang-máaiทำtamรักrákเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเคลือบklʉ̂ʉapงานngaanไม้แกะสลักmáai-gɛ̀-sà-làk
Traditional Thai artisans used to mix lac resin with tree sap to make varnish for coating carved woodworks.
ครั่งkrângคุณภาพดีkun-ná-pâap-diiให้hâiฟิล์มfiimเคลือบklʉ̂ʉapแข็งkɛ̌ngและlɛ́ใสsǎiจึงjʉngนิยมní-yomใช้cháiทำtamเชลแล็กcheen-lɛ́kสำหรับsǎm-ràpงานngaanเครื่องดนตรีkrʉ̂ʉang-don-dtrii
High-quality lac resin yields a hard, clear coating, so it is popular for making shellac for musical instruments.
2NounC1
lac dye
a red dye derived from lac resin or the lac insect.
Examples
สมัยก่อนsà-mǎi-gɔ̀ɔnสมัยก่อนsà-mǎi-gɔ̀ɔn1formerly; in the past; back then2the old days; former timesช่างchâangช่างchâang1artisan; mechanic; technician2crafts-; technical (prefix)3never mind; let it be4how (exclamatory)5[to] be inclined to; be given toย้อมyɔ́ɔmย้อมyɔ́ɔmto dye; colorใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderครั่งkrângครั่งkrâng1lac; shellac resin2lac dyeทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] cause; makeสีย้อมsǐi-yɔ́ɔmสีย้อมsǐi-yɔ́ɔm1dye; dyestuff (for fabric, hair, leather, etc.)2stain (laboratory)ผ้าpâaผ้าpâacloth; fabric; textileให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)เป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)สีsǐiสีsǐi1color2paint3[to] rub; scrub; polish4flush (poker)5[to] mill; husk (rice)6[to] play (a bowed instrument)แดงเข้มdɛɛng-kêmแดงเข้มdɛɛng-kêmdark red; maroon
In the past, dyers used lac dye to make a deep red color for fabrics.
3 more examplesShow less
พิพิธภัณฑ์pí-pít-tá-panจัดแสดงjàt-sà-dɛɛngผ้าทอpâa-tɔɔที่tîiย้อมyɔ́ɔmด้วยdûuaiครั่งkrângซึ่งsʉ̂ngให้hâiเฉดchèetแดงdɛɛngอบอุ่นòp-ùnและlɛ́คงทนkong-ton
The museum exhibits woven cloth dyed with lac, which gives a warm and durable red hue.
ช่างฝีมือchâang-fǐi-mʉʉเลือกlʉ̂ʉakครั่งkrângเพราะprɔ́เม็ดสีmét-sǐiแดงdɛɛngจากjàakยางแลคyaang-lɛ̂ɛkให้hâiโทนtoonที่tîiลุ่มลึกlûm-lʉ́kและlɛ́มีเอกลักษณ์mii-èek-gà-lákในnaiงานngaanสิ่งทอsìng-tɔɔพื้นบ้านpʉ́ʉn-bâan
Artisans choose lac because the red pigment from lac resin provides a deep, distinctive tone in traditional textiles.
นักอนุรักษ์nák à-nú-rákสิ่งทอsìng toใช้cháiครั่งkrângผสมสารpà-sŏm săanช่วยchûuaiย้อมyómเพื่อpêuuaคงkongเสถียรภาพsà-tĭian-pâapของkŏngสีแดงsĕe daengโดยdoiยังyangคำนึงถึงkam-neung tĕungความถูกต้องkwaam tòok dtôngทางประวัติศาสตร์taang bprà-wàt-dtì-sàatของkŏngวัตถุwát-tù
Textile conservators use lac with mordants to stabilize the red color while maintaining the historical authenticity of the object.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow classConsonant clusterIn the cluster คร, the first consonant ค sets the class.
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
krâng
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |