กษัย
gà-sǎiMeanings
1NounC1
wasting disease; physical weakness
a wasting disease, physical deterioration, or chronic weakness (especially in the context of traditional Thai medicine)
Examples
ตาdtaaตาdtaa1eye2grandfather (maternal)3elderly man; grandpa (informal)4grid square; mesh5turn (in a game)6eye (classifier for small holes/mesh openings)บอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâa1[to] say/tell that; report/declare that2[of text/sign] say/indicate thatปวดเมื่อยตามตัวbpùuat-mʉ̂ʉai-dtaam-dtuuaปวดเมื่อยตามตัวbpùuat-mʉ̂ʉai-dtaam-dtuua[to] ache all over; have body achesฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)เลยไปləəi-bpaiเลยไปləəi-bpai[to] go past; [to] overshootซื้อsʉ́ʉซื้อsʉ́ʉ1[to] buy; purchase2[to] bribe; buy offยาyaaยาyaa1medicine; medication2drug (narcotic/illicit)3chemical/agent4[to] caulk; sealแก้gɛ̂ɛแก้gɛ̂ɛ1[to] fix; solve; correct2[to] undo; unfasten; untie3[to] take off (clothes)4[to] edit; revise; amend5[to] remedy; treat; counteractกษัยgà-sǎiกษัยgà-sǎi1wasting disease; physical weakness2decay; declineเส้นsênเส้นsên1line; stripe; thread-like length2noodle (food strand)3CL: strand-like things4tendon; nerve; sinew5route; line (service/path)6connections; pull (informal)มาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)แกgɛɛแกgɛɛ1you (familiar)2he; she (familiar)กินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] take medicine (colloquial)4[to] consume; use up5[to] corrode; erode; eat into6[to] take (a bribe); pocket7[to] capture; take (a piece in a board game)
Grandpa said his body was aching, so I went to buy him some traditional medicine for physical deterioration and muscle pain.
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ในทางnai-taangแพทย์แผนไทยpɛ̂ɛt-pɛ̌ɛn-taiโรคrôokกษัยgà-sǎiคือkʉʉภาวะpaa-wáที่tîiร่างกายrâang-gaaiเสื่อมโทรมsʉ̀ʉam-soomลงlongทำให้tam-hâiผู้ป่วยpûu-bpùuaiมีmiiอาการaa-gaanผอมแห้งpɔ̌ɔm-hɛ̂ɛngแรงrɛɛngน้อยnɔ́ɔi
In traditional Thai medicine, Kasai is a condition of bodily deterioration, causing the patient to experience severe weight loss and weakness.
อาการaa-gaanของkŏngโรคrôhkกษัยgà-săiนั้นnánมีmeeหลายชนิดlăai chá-nítแต่dtàeโดยรวมdoi ruuamแล้วláeoจะjàส่งผลให้sòng pŏn hâiธาตุทั้งสี่tâat táng sèeในnaiร่างกายrâang gaaiเสียsĭiaสมดุลsŏm dunและláeทรุดโทรมsút-sohmลงlongเรื่อยๆrêuuai-rêuuai
There are many types of Kasai disease, but generally, it causes the four elements in the body to lose balance and continuously deteriorate.
ชายชราchaai-chá-raaป่วยbpùuaiด้วยdûuaiโรคrôokกษัยgà-sǎiมานานmaa-naanหลายlǎaiปีbpiiร่างกายrâang-gaaiที่tîiเคยkəəiบึกบึนbʉ̀k-bʉnกลับกลายเป็นglàp-glaai-bpenซูบผอมsûup-pɔ̌ɔmจนjonเหลือlʉ̌ʉaแต่dtɛ̀ɛหนังหุ้มกระดูกnǎng-hûm-grà-dùuk
The old man had suffered from a wasting disease for many years; his once-muscular body became so emaciated that he was nothing but skin and bones.
2NounC2
decay; decline
decay, decline, ruin, or destruction
Examples
ตามdtaamตามdtaam1[to] follow; go after2according to; in accordance with3after; behind; in pursuit of4[to] comply with; abide by; obey5along; along (a path); following (direction)6[to] send for; fetch [sb]7[to] light; kindle (literary)คติká-dtìคติká-dtì1principle; doctrine2moral; maxim; moral of a story3view; outlook; way of thinking4going; course; state of being (literary)ความเชื่อโบราณkwaam-chʉ̂ʉa-boo-raanความเชื่อโบราณkwaam-chʉ̂ʉa-boo-raanancient belief; traditional beliefเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเมื่อmʉ̂ʉa1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)ถึงคราวtʉ̌ng-kraaoถึงคราวtʉ̌ng-kraaothe time has come; it's time; one's turnกษัยgà-sǎiกษัยgà-sǎi1wasting disease; physical weakness2decay; declineโลกlôokโลกlôok1Earth; the planet2the world; human society3world; realmจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)เผชิญกับpà-chəən-gàpเผชิญกับpà-chəən-gàp[to] face; be confronted with; encounterความเสื่อมทรามkwaam-sʉ̀ʉam-saamความเสื่อมทรามkwaam-sʉ̀ʉam-saammoral decay; depravity; degeneracyและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)ภัยพิบัติpai-pí-bàtภัยพิบัติpai-pí-bàtdisaster; catastropheครั้งใหญ่kráng-yàiครั้งใหญ่kráng-yài1major; large-scale2big time; severely
According to ancient beliefs, when the time of ruin arrives, the world will face deterioration and great disasters.
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อำนาจam-nâatและlɛ́บารมีbaa-rá-miiของkɔ̌ɔngผู้ปกครองpûu-bpòk-krɔɔngทรราชtɔɔ-rá-râatได้dâaiดำเนินdam-nəənมาถึงmaa-tʉ̌ngจุดjùtกษัยgà-sǎiเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaประชาชนbprà-chaa-chonลุกฮือlúk-hʉʉขึ้นkʉ̂nต่อต้านdtɔ̀ɔ-dtâan
The power and prestige of the tyrannical ruler reached the point of ruin when the people rose up in rebellion.
สรรพสิ่งsàp-pá-sìngในnaiโลกlôokล้วนlúuanตกอยู่dtòk-yùuในnaiกฎgòtแห่งhɛ̀ngอนิจจังà-nít-jangมีmiiความเจริญkwaam-jà-rəənขึ้นkʉ̂nในnaiเบื้องต้นbʉ̂ʉang-dtônและlɛ́ถึงtʉ̌ngความkwaamกษัยgà-sǎiไปbpaiในnaiบั้นปลายbân-bplaai
All things in the world are subject to the law of impermanence; they flourish in the beginning and face decline in the end.
ในnaiคัมภีร์kam-piiทางศาสนาtaang-sàat-sà-nǎaได้dâaiกล่าวถึงglàao-tʉ̌ngกษัยgà-sǎiกัปgàpว่าwâaเป็นbpenช่วงเวลาchûuang-wee-laaแห่งhɛ̀ngความพินาศkwaam-pí-nâatสิ้นsînของkɔ̌ɔngจักรวาลjàk-grà-waanก่อนที่gɔ̀ɔn-tîiจะjàเริ่มrə̂əmรอบrɔ̂ɔpวัฏจักรwát-dtà-jàkใหม่mài
Religious scriptures mention the Kasai-kappa (eon of destruction) as a period of absolute universal ruin before a new cycle begins.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is กษัย said กะ-ไส?
gà-sǎi
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
gà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |