ตับ
dtàpMeanings
1NounA2
liver (organ)
the large organ in humans and animals that cleans the blood, metabolizes substances, and aids digestion
Examples
ตับdtàpตับdtàp1liver (organ)2liver (as food)3row; joined set; seriesเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)อวัยวะà-wai-yá-wáอวัยวะà-wai-yá-wáorgan; [a] body partที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]ทำความสะอาดtam-kwaam-sà-àatทำความสะอาดtam-kwaam-sà-àat[to] clean [sth]; [to] make [sth] cleanเลือดlʉ̂ʉatเลือดlʉ̂ʉat1blood2bloodline; lineage3spirit; vigor
The liver is an organ that helps clean the blood.
3 more examplesShow less
หมอmɔ̌ɔบอกว่าbɔ̀ɔk-wâaตับdtàpทำงานหนักtam-ngaan-nàkเวลาที่wee-laa-tîiเราraoดื่มdʉ̀ʉmแอลกอฮอล์ɛn-gɔɔ-hɔɔ
The doctor said the liver works hard when we drink alcohol.
The liver also helps with digestion by producing bile.
หากhàakตับdtàpมีmiiไขมันkǎi-manสะสมsà-sǒmมากเกินไปmâak-gəən-bpaiการทำงานgaan-tam-ngaanในnaiการกำจัดgaan-gam-jàtสารพิษsǎan-pítและlɛ́เผาผลาญpǎo-plǎanสารอาหารsǎan-aa-hǎanจะjàลดลงlót-long
If the liver accumulates too much fat, its functions in detoxification and metabolizing nutrients will decrease.
2NounA2
liver (as food)
the liver of an animal used as food
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)กินginกินgin1[to] eat2[to] drink (colloquial/with some nouns)3[to] take medicine (colloquial)4[to] consume; use up5[to] corrode; erode; eat into6[to] take (a bribe); pocketตับdtàpตับdtàp1liver (organ)2liver (as food)3row; joined set; seriesผัดpàtผัดpàt1[to] stir-fry [sth]2stir-fry; stir-fried dish3[to] postpone; put off; delayกระเทียมgrà-tiiamกระเทียมgrà-tiiamgarlic (plant/bulb)
I like to eat stir-fried liver with garlic.
3 more examplesShow less
Yesterday we went to the market and bought pork liver to make braised soup.
Mom told me to clean the liver thoroughly before stir-frying it.
ร้านข้าวต้มráan-kâao-dtômตรงdtrongหัวมุมhǔua-mumทำtamตับdtàpทอดtɔ̂ɔtกระเทียมgrà-tiiamหอมhɔ̌ɔmมากmâakลูกค้าlûuk-káaสั่งsàngกันganทั้งtángโต๊ะdtó
The congee shop on the corner makes very fragrant deep-fried garlic liver; customers order it for the whole table.
3ClassifierB1
row; joined set; series
A group of items joined or arranged in a row, such as roofing thatch or cartridges; also a connected series of musical pieces.
Examples
หลังคาบ้านlǎng-kaa-bâanหลังคาบ้านlǎng-kaa-bâanhouse roofนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)มุงmungมุงmung1[to] roof; [to] thatch; [to] cover a roof2[to] crowd around; [to] gather to lookด้วยdûuaiด้วยdûuai1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooกระเบื้องgrà-bʉ̂ʉangกระเบื้องgrà-bʉ̂ʉangtile (roof/floor/wall)เป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ตับdtàpตับdtàp1liver (organ)2liver (as food)3row; joined set; seriesจัดเรียงjàt-riiangจัดเรียงjàt-riiang1[to] arrange; order; align2[to] sort (data)ซ้อนกันsɔ́ɔn-ganซ้อนกันsɔ́ɔn-ganstacked; overlappingอย่างyàangอย่างyàang1kind; type; sort2manner; way3classifier (for kinds/types)4like; as; such as5in the manner of; -lyเป็นระเบียบbpen-rá-bìiapเป็นระเบียบbpen-rá-bìiap1orderly; tidy; well-organized2disciplined; well-behaved
This roof is tiled in bundles, neatly arranged in layers.
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ช่างchângสั่งsàngแผ่นpɛ̀nไฟเบอร์fai-bə̂əซีเมนต์sii-meenมาเป็นmaa-bpenตับdtàpเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiติดตั้งdtìt-dtângได้dâaiต่อเนื่องdtɔ̀ɔ-nʉ̂ʉangและlɛ́ไม่mâiขาดkàatช่วงchûuang
The builder ordered fiber-cement sheets in bundles so installation could proceed continuously without interruption.
ร้านวัสดุก่อสร้างráan wát-sà-dù gòr sâangส่งsòngแผ่นpàenลูกฟูกlôok fôokมาเป็นmaa bpenตับdtàpใหญ่yàiๆ-ทำให้tam hâiขนย้ายkŏn yáaiและláeนับnápจำนวนjam-nuuanได้dâiสะดวกsà-dùuak
The hardware store delivered corrugated sheets in large bundles, making transport and counting convenient.
ช่างไม้châng-máaiจัดjàtไม้อัดmáai-àtเป็นbpenตับdtàpผูกpùukแน่นnɛ̂nเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganแผ่นpɛ̀nโก่งgòongงอngɔɔระหว่างrá-wàangการขนส่งgaan-kǒn-sòngและlɛ́เก็บรักษาgèp-rák-sǎa
The carpenter tied the plywood into tight bundles to prevent warping during transport and storage.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -บ, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
dtàp
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |