ตกหล่น
dtòk-lònMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] be omitted; left out
to fail to be included due to oversight or error
Examples
รายชื่อraai-chʉ̂ʉรายชื่อraai-chʉ̂ʉlist of names; rosterนักเรียนnák-riianนักเรียนnák-riianschool student; pupilบางคนbaang-konบางคนbaang-konsome people; some personsตกหล่นdtòk-lònตกหล่นdtòk-lòn1[to] be omitted; left out2[to] be dropped or lost in transitจากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmประกาศbprà-gàatประกาศbprà-gàat1[to] announce; declare2announcement; notice3proclamation; decree4[to] proclaim; promulgate (form.)เพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingกรอกgrɔ̀ɔkกรอกgrɔ̀ɔk1to fill in; enter2to pour (into); decantข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muun1information; data (non-count)2data (computing)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ครบkrópครบkróp1complete; full; all present2in full; completely3[time] to be complete; to reach the full term
Some students’ names were omitted from the announcement because the information was incomplete.
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เอกสารสำคัญèek-gà-sǎan-sǎm-kanของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnตกหล่นdtòk-lònจากjàakระบบrá-bòpทะเบียนtá-biianจึงjʉngต้องdtɔ̂ngยื่นyʉ̂ʉnใหม่mài
My important document was omitted from the registry system, so I had to resubmit it.
ฝ่ายบัญชีfàai-ban-chiiตรวจพบdtrùuat-pópว่าwâaมีmiiใบเสร็จbai-sètตกหล่นdtòk-lònในnaiรายงานraai-ngaanเดือนdʉʉanก่อนgɔ̀ɔnทำให้tam-hâiยอดyɔ̂ɔtไม่ตรงmâi-dtrong
The accounting department found that some receipts were omitted from last month’s report, causing the totals to mismatch.
เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันข้อมูลbpɔ̂ng-gan-kɔ̂ɔ-muunตกหล่นdtòk-lònเราraoจึงjʉngเพิ่มpə̂əmขั้นตอนkân-dtɔɔnตรวจทานdtrùuat-taanสองsɔ̌ɔngรอบrɔ̂ɔpก่อนgɔ̀ɔnส่งsòngขึ้นkʉ̂nฐานข้อมูลtǎan-kɔ̂ɔ-muunกลางglaang
To prevent omissions, we added a two-round review step before uploading to the central database.
2VerbB2
[to] be dropped or lost in transit
to fall off or be lost while being carried, sent, delivered, processed, or recorded
Examples
พัสดุpát-sà-dùพัสดุpát-sà-dù1parcel; package2supplies; materials; equipmentของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnmy; mineน่าจะnâa-jàน่าจะnâa-jà1probably; likely2be expected; should (probability)3might be a good idea (suggestion)4should have (regret/criticism)ตกหล่นdtòk-lònตกหล่นdtòk-lòn1[to] be omitted; left out2[to] be dropped or lost in transitระหว่างrá-wàangระหว่างrá-wàang1between; among2during3interval; in-between timeการขนส่งgaan-kǒn-sòngการขนส่งgaan-kǒn-sòng1transportation; transport2transport system/industryจึงjʉngจึงjʉng1therefore; so; thus2only then; then (as a result)ยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)5to; towardไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ถึงtʉ̌ngถึงtʉ̌ng1to; until; up to2[to] arrive; reach3to; toward (recipient/goal)4even if; even though5as much as; as many as; to the point of6only then; then as a result (informal)7about; concerning; regardingปลายทางbplaai-taangปลายทางbplaai-taang1destination; end point2destination side; recipient (technical/logistics)3ultimate outcome/goal (figurative)
My parcel likely fell off during transit, so it hasn’t reached its destination.
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ซองsɔɔngเอกสารèek-gà-sǎanถูกtùukทำtamตกหล่นdtòk-lònระหว่างrá-wàangส่งsòngไปรษณีย์bprai-sà-niiเลยləəiหายไปhǎai-bpaiหนึ่งnʉ̀ngแผ่นpɛ̀n
The document envelope was dropped during mailing, so one sheet went missing.
ข้อมูลลูกค้าkɔ̂ɔ-muun-lûuk-káaบางรายbaang-raaiตกหล่นdtòk-lònตอนdtɔɔnย้ายyáaiระบบrá-bòpทำให้tam-hâiใบแจ้งหนี้bai-jɛ̂ɛng-nîiไม่mâiถูกtùukส่งออกsòng-ɔ̀ɔk
Some customer data was lost during the system migration, causing invoices not to be issued.
ขณะkà-nàขนkŏnของขึ้นkŏng kêunรถrótมีmeeชิ้นส่วนchín sùuanเล็กๆlék lékตกหล่นdtòk lònจากjàakกล่องglòngจึงjeungต้องdtôngกลับไปglàp bpaiเก็บgèpใหม่mài
While loading the car, small parts fell off the box, so we had to go back and pick them up.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableEnds in -ก, a stop, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
dtòk
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
หล่นlònหล่นlòn1[to] fall; drop off; slip off2[to] be missing; be left out[to] fall; drop off; slip offPart 2
ตกหล่นdtòk-lònตกหล่นdtòk-lòn[to] be omitted; left out[to] be omitted; left outWord