ขื่อ
kʉ̀ʉMeanings
1NounB2
tie beam; crossbeam
A main horizontal beam in a traditional Thai house or building that connects the tops of posts and supports the roof structure; a tie beam or crossbeam.
Examples
ช่างไม้châng-máaiช่างไม้châng-máaicarpenter; woodworkerกำลังgam-langกำลังgam-lang1currently; in the middle of2power; strength3power (physics)4troops; forcesวัดwátวัดwát1to measure2Buddhist temple3to gauge; assessขนาดkà-nàatขนาดkà-nàat1size; dimension; magnitude2degree; extent3to such an extent; that much4even; to the extent that5as; to the extent of6very; extremely (Northern Thai)ของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsขื่อkʉ̀ʉขื่อkʉ̀ʉ1tie beam; crossbeam2stocks (historical restraint)เพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofเตรียมdtriiamเตรียมdtriiam[to] prepare; get readyสร้างsâangสร้างsâang1[to] build; construct2[to] create; produce3[to] establish; found4[to] generate; developหลังคาlǎng-kaaหลังคาlǎng-kaaroofบ้านทรงไทยbâan-song-taiบ้านทรงไทยbâan-song-taiThai-style traditional house
The carpenter is measuring the size of the crossbeam to prepare for building the roof of the traditional Thai house.
3 more examplesShow less
บ้านbâanยายyaaiของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnเป็นbpenบ้านไม้bâan-máaiเก่าแก่gào-gɛ̀ɛเราraoยังyangมองเห็นmɔɔng-hěnขื่อkʉ̀ʉและlɛ́โครงสร้างkroong-sâangหลังคาlǎng-kaaได้dâaiชัดเจนchát-jeen
My grandmother's house is an old wooden house; we can still clearly see the tie beams and the roof structure.
ในnaiสถาปัตยกรรมไทยsà-tǎa-bpàt-dtà-yá-gam-taiโบราณboo-raanขื่อkʉ̀ʉไม่เพียงแต่mâi-piiang-dtɛ̀ɛทำหน้าที่tam-nâa-tîiรับน้ำหนักráp-nám-nàkหลังคาlǎng-kaaเท่านั้นtâo-nánแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangเป็นbpenองค์ประกอบong-bprà-gɔ̀ɔpที่tîiแสดงถึงsà-dɛɛng-tʉ̌ngฝีมือfǐi-mʉʉเชิงช่างchəəng-chângอีกด้วยìik-dûuai
In ancient Thai architecture, the crossbeam not only functions to support the weight of the roof but is also an element that showcases craftsmanship.
วิศวกรโครงสร้างwít-sà-wá-gɔɔn-kroong-sâangต้องdtɔ̂ngคำนวณkam-nuuanความแข็งแรงkwaam-kɛ̌ng-rɛɛngของkɔ̌ɔngขื่อkʉ̀ʉแต่ละตัวdtɛ̀ɛ-lá-dtuuaให้hâiสามารถsǎa-mâatรองrɔɔngรับน้ำหนักráp-nám-nàkของkɔ̌ɔngกระเบื้องgrà-bʉ̂ʉangมุงmungหลังคาlǎng-kaaและlɛ́แรงลมrɛɛng-lomได้dâaiอย่างyàangปลอดภัยbplɔ̀ɔt-pai
The structural engineer must calculate the strength of each tie beam to ensure it can safely support the weight of the roof tiles and wind forces.
2NounC1
stocks (historical restraint)
A wooden restraint with holes for securing a prisoner's ankles or wrists, used historically for confinement or punishment.
Examples
ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ละครlá-kɔɔnละครlá-kɔɔn1drama; play; theater show2theater; dramatic artsย้อนยุคyɔ́ɔn-yúkย้อนยุคyɔ́ɔn-yúk1retro; vintage-style; throwback2to go retro; to revive an old styleผู้คุมpûu-kumผู้คุมpûu-kum1prison guard; corrections officer2overseer; supervisor (by extension)จับjàpจับjàp1[to] hold; grasp2[to] touch; feel3[to] catch; seize; capture4[to] arrest5[to] detect; pick up; sense6[to] attack; come on (of fever)ข้อเท้าkɔ̂ɔ-táaoข้อเท้าkɔ̂ɔ-táaoankle; ankle jointนักโทษnák-tôotนักโทษnák-tôot1convict2prisoner; inmateใส่sàiใส่sài1[to] put in; [to] add2[to] wear; [to] put on3[to] include; [to] insert (data, settings)4[to] attack; [to] go at (colloq.)ขื่อkʉ̀ʉขื่อkʉ̀ʉ1tie beam; crossbeam2stocks (historical restraint)จนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillลุกlúkลุกlúk1[to] get up; rise (from sitting/lying)2[to] burn; blaze; flare upเดินdəənเดินdəən1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] proceed; go; move along3[to] run; operate (machine/system)4[to] run; operate; keep runningไม่ได้mâi-dâaiไม่ได้mâi-dâai1cannot; not allowed; impossible2did not3[to] fail to get/receive [sth]4unacceptable; not allowed (won’t do)5No way!; absolutely not6not really/actually (corrective)
In the historical drama, the guard locked the prisoner's ankles in wooden stocks so he could not get up and walk.
3 more examplesShow less
ขื่อkʉ̀ʉที่tîiจัดแสดงjàt-sà-dɛɛngในnaiพิพิธภัณฑ์pí-pít-tá-panเป็นbpenเครื่องจองจำkrʉ̂ʉang-jɔɔng-jamทำจากtam-jàakไม้máaiมีmiiช่องchɔ̂ngสำหรับsǎm-ràpสอดsɔ̀ɔtข้อเท้าkɔ̂ɔ-táaoของkɔ̌ɔngนักโทษnák-tôot
The stocks displayed in the museum are a wooden restraint with openings for a prisoner's ankles.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะไม่มีjà-mâi-miiโซ่sôoล่ามlâamนักโทษnák-tôotก็gɔ̂ไม่อาจmâi-àatหลบหนีlòp-nǐiได้dâaiเพราะprɔ́ข้อเท้าkɔ̂ɔ-táaoทั้งสองtáng-sɔ̌ɔngถูกtùukตรึงdtrʉngอยู่ในyùu-naiขื่อkʉ̀ʉอย่างแน่นหนาyàang-nɛ̂n-nǎa
Even without chains, the prisoner could not escape because both ankles were held firmly in wooden stocks.
ฉากchàakที่tîiชาวบ้านchaao-bâanถูกtùukจับjàpใส่sàiขื่อkʉ̀ʉประจานbprà-jaanกลางglaangตลาดdtà-làatสะท้อนsà-tɔ́ɔnว่าwâaการลงโทษgaan-long-tôotในnaiเรื่องrʉ̂ʉangนี้níiมุ่งmûngให้hâiอับอายàp-aaiไม่น้อยmâi-nɔ́ɔiไปbpaiกว่าgwàaทำให้tam-hâiเจ็บปวดjèp-bpùuat
The scene in which a villager is put in wooden stocks in the marketplace for public humiliation shows that punishment in this story aims as much to shame as to cause pain.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classHigh class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
High class consonants
ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห
Result
Low tone
kʉ̀ʉ
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
High class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |