ล่าม
lâamMeanings
1NounB1
interpreter
a person who translates spoken language between speakers of different languages
Examples
ประชุมbprà-chumประชุมbprà-chum1meeting; conference2[to] meet; hold a meetingวันนี้wan-níiวันนี้wan-níi1today (time of speech)2today; this day3nowadays; at presentต้องมีdtɔ̂ng-miiต้องมีdtɔ̂ng-mii[to] need to have; be required to haveล่ามlâamล่ามlâam1interpreter2[to] interpret (spoken language)3[to] tether; tie up; leashช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]แปลbplɛɛแปลbplɛɛ1[to] translate2[to] interpret; explain meaningให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ผู้เข้าร่วมpûu-kâo-rûuamผู้เข้าร่วมpûu-kâo-rûuamparticipant; attendeeต่างชาติdtàang-châatต่างชาติdtàang-châat1foreign; from abroad2a foreigner; foreign national
Today's meeting needs an interpreter to translate for international participants.
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ศาลsǎanได้dâaiจัดjàtล่ามlâamให้hâiจำเลยjam-ləəiเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiเข้าใจkâo-jaiคำถามkam-tǎamของkɔ̌ɔngผู้พิพากษาpûu-pí-pâak-sǎa
The court provided an interpreter for the defendant to understand the judge's questions.
ในnaiงานสัมมนาngaan-sǎm-má-naaล่ามlâamต้องdtɔ̂ngถ่ายทอดtàai-tɔ̂ɔtคำพูดkam-pûutแบบbɛ̀ɛpทันทีtan-tiiเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiการประชุมgaan-bprà-chumสะดุดsà-dùt
At the seminar, the interpreter had to render speech immediately so the meeting wouldn't stall.
องค์กรong-gɔɔnจ้างjâangล่ามlâamมืออาชีพmʉʉ-aa-chîipที่tîiเชี่ยวชาญchîiao-chaanศัพท์เทคนิคsàp-ték-nìkเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiการสื่อสารgaan-sʉ̀ʉ-sǎanระหว่างrá-wàangคู่ค้าkûu-káaราบรื่นrâap-rʉ̂ʉn
The organization hired a professional interpreter skilled in technical terms to ensure smooth communication between partners.
2VerbB2
[to] interpret (spoken language)
to translate speech in real time from one language to another
Examples
ระหว่างประชุมrá-wàang-bprà-chumระหว่างประชุมrá-wàang-bprà-chumduring the meetingเธอtəəเธอtəə1you (informal; familiar)2she; herล่ามlâamล่ามlâam1interpreter2[to] interpret (spoken language)3[to] tether; tie up; leashคำพูดkam-pûutคำพูดkam-pûut1what someone says; remarks2one's word; promise3wording; phrasingของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsวิทยากรwít-tá-yaa-gɔɔnวิทยากรwít-tá-yaa-gɔɔn1speaker; lecturer2instructor; trainer3panelist/resource personญี่ปุ่นyîi-bpùnญี่ปุ่นyîi-bpùn1Japan (country)2Japanese (language)3Japanese (person/people)4Japanese; of Japanเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ภาษาไทยpaa-sǎa-taiภาษาไทยpaa-sǎa-tai1Thai language2Thai-language; in Thai3Thai (school subject)แบบbɛ̀ɛpแบบbɛ̀ɛp1style; type; kind; manner2model; pattern; design; template3form; questionnaire4in a ... way; -ly (pre-head adverbial marker)ทันทีtan-tiiทันทีtan-tiiimmediately; at once
During the meeting, she interpreted the Japanese speaker's words into Thai on the spot.
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เขาkǎoล่ามlâamให้hâiผู้ป่วยpûu-bpùuaiต่างชาติdtàang-châatฟังfangคำแนะนำkam-nɛ́-namของkɔ̌ɔngแพทย์pɛ̂ɛtแบบbɛ̀ɛpต่อเนื่องdtɔ̀ɔ-nʉ̂ʉangไม่mâiขาดตอนkàat-dtɔɔn
He interpreted for the foreign patient, conveying the doctor's advice continuously without interruption.
ผู้ดำเนินรายการpûu-dam-nəən-raai-gaanพูดpûutภาษาอังกฤษpaa-sǎa-ang-grìtแล้วlɛ́ɛoเธอtəəก็gɔ̂ล่ามlâamเป็นbpenภาษาไทยpaa-sǎa-taiอย่างyàangคล่องแคล่วklɔ̂ɔng-klɛ̂ɛoให้hâiผู้ชมpûu-chomเข้าใจkâo-jaiทันทีtan-tii
The host spoke English, and she promptly interpreted it into Thai fluently for the audience.
ในnaiเวทีwee-tiiเจรจาjee-rá-jaaเขาkǎoต้องdtɔ̂ngล่ามlâamแบบbɛ̀ɛpสลับsà-làpภาษาpaa-sǎaระหว่างrá-wàangคู่สนทนาkûu-sǒn-tá-naaเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatเชิงchəəngเทคนิคték-nìkไม่mâiตกหล่นdtòk-lòn
At the negotiation table, he had to interpret back and forth between the speakers to ensure technical details were not lost.
3VerbB2
[to] tether; tie up; leash
to fasten an animal or object with a rope, chain, or strap so it cannot move freely
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toล่ามlâamล่ามlâam1interpreter2[to] interpret (spoken language)3[to] tether; tie up; leashสุนัขsù-nákสุนัขsù-nákdog (formal)ไว้wáiไว้wái1[to] keep; save; store2[to] set aside; reserve3for later; in reserve4[to] leave (something) as is5marks retention or maintenance of a state6[to] wear; sport (hair/moustache/etc.)หน้าบ้านnâa-bâanหน้าบ้านnâa-bâan1front of the house; frontage2front office; customer-facing sideเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiso that not; in order not to; to prevent [sth]วิ่งออกwîng-ɔ̀ɔkวิ่งออกwîng-ɔ̀ɔk[to] run out (of/from somewhere)ถนนtà-nǒnถนนtà-nǒnroad; streetแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)ก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerพาไปpaa-bpaiพาไปpaa-bpai[to] take [sb] (to [somewhere])เดินdəənเดินdəən1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] proceed; go; move along3[to] run; operate (machine/system)4[to] run; operate; keep runningทุกtúkทุกtúk1every; each2every (interval/frequency)เย็นyenเย็นyen1cool; chilly2evening (late afternoon to dusk)3cool (personality); calm4[to] be cool; become cool
He has to tether the dog in front of the house so it doesn’t run into the street, but he still takes it for walks every evening.
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ชาวสวนchaao-sǔuanล่ามlâamแพะpɛ́ไว้wáiใต้dtâaiต้นไม้dtôn-máaiระหว่างrá-wàangทำงานtam-ngaanเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiมันmanกัดกินgàt-ginพืชผลpʉ̂ʉt-pǒn
The gardener tethered the goat under a tree while working so it wouldn’t eat the crops.
ก่อนgɔ̀ɔnพายุpaa-yúเข้าkâoชาวประมงchaao-bprà-mongต้องdtɔ̂ngล่ามlâamเรือrʉʉaด้วยdûuaiเชือกchʉ̂ʉakสองsɔ̌ɔngเส้นsênให้hâiแน่นnɛ̂nเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaกันganคลื่นklʉ̂ʉnซัดsát
Before the storm hits, the fishermen must secure the boat with two ropes to prevent it from being battered by waves.
เขาkǎoใช้cháiโซ่sôoล่ามlâamจักรยานjàk-grà-yaanกับgàpเสาไฟsǎo-faiเพราะprɔ́กลัวgluuaถูกtùukขโมยkà-mooiในnaiตอนกลางคืนdtɔɔn-glaang-kʉʉn
He chained the bicycle to a lamppost because he was afraid it would be stolen at night.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
lâam
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |