ไรโซม
rai-soomMeanings
1NounB2
rhizome; horizontal plant stem
A plant stem that grows horizontally, usually underground, and produces roots and new shoots from its nodes.
Examples
ขิงkǐngขิงkǐng1ginger (rhizome; spice)2[to] boast; show off; flex (slang)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoไรโซมrai-soomไรโซมrai-soom1rhizome; horizontal plant stem2rhizome; nonhierarchical network (philosophy)อยู่ใต้yùu-dtâaiอยู่ใต้yùu-dtâai1[to] be under [sth]; [to] be beneath [sth]2[to] be south of [somewhere]3[to] be under the control of [sb/sth]ดินdinดินdin1soil; earth; dirt2the ground; land (surface)3clay; earthen material4earth (electrical)และlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)หน่อnɔ̀ɔหน่อnɔ̀ɔ1classifier: shoots/sprouts2plant shoot; sprout3descendant; scion (figurative)ใหม่màiใหม่mài1new; not old2new; different; fresh3again; anew4new; inexperienced (novice)5hibiscus (Northern Thai)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)งอกngɔ̂ɔkงอกngɔ̂ɔk1[to] sprout; germinate; grow (new part, e.g., hair/teeth)2[to] increase; get added (often unexpectedly)ขึ้นkʉ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n1[to] go up; rise; ascend2[to] increase3[to] board; get on4result complement: upward/better5postverbal particle: onset or occurrence6[to] sprout; grow; appear7northward/up-country8waxing phase (of the moon)จากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmข้อkɔ̂ɔข้อkɔ̂ɔ1item; point; clause2classifier: items/points/clauses/questions3joint (anatomy)4condition; term5node; joint; segment (botany/zoology)ของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsลำต้นlam-dtônลำต้นlam-dtônstem; trunk (botany)ส่วนsùuanส่วนsùuan1part; portion; section2classifier for parts or portions3share; quota4department; division; unit5as for; regarding6over (in fractions)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)
Ginger has an underground rhizome, and new shoots grow from the nodes of this part of the stem.
3 more examplesShow less
ครูkruuขุดkùtต้นdtônขมิ้นkà-mînขึ้นมาkʉ̂n-maaให้ดูhâi-duuไรโซมrai-soomที่อยู่tîi-yùuใต้ดินdtâai-dinและlɛ́รากrâakที่tîiงอกngɔ̂ɔkออกจากɔ̀ɔk-jàakข้อkɔ̂ɔ
The teacher dug up a turmeric plant to show us its underground rhizome and the roots growing from its nodes.
หากhàakต้องdtɔ̂ngการขยายพันธุ์gaan-kà-yǎai-panขิงkǐngควรkuuanตัดdtàtไรโซมrai-soomเป็นbpenท่อนtɔ̂nที่tîiมีตาmii-dtaaสมบูรณ์sǒm-buunเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiแต่ละdtɛ̀ɛ-láท่อนtɔ̂nสามารถsǎa-mâatแตกหน่อdtɛ̀ɛk-nɔ̀ɔใหม่màiได้dâai
To propagate ginger, cut the rhizome into sections with healthy buds so that each section can produce new shoots.
แม้mɛ́ɛไรโซมrai-soomจะjàทอดตัวtɔ̂ɔt-dtuuaอยู่ใต้yùu-dtâaiดินdinและlɛ́ดูคล้ายduu-kláaiรากrâakแต่dtɛ̀ɛในทางnai-taangพฤกษศาสตร์prʉ́k-sà-sàatจัดเป็นjàt-bpenลำต้นlam-dtônเพราะprɔ́มีmiiข้อkɔ̂ɔและlɛ́ตาdtaaที่tîiพัฒนาpát-tá-naaเป็นbpenยอดyɔ̂ɔtใหม่màiได้dâai
Although a rhizome grows horizontally underground and resembles a root, botanically it is classified as a stem because it has nodes and buds that can develop into new shoots.
2NounC2
rhizome; nonhierarchical network (philosophy)
In philosophy, a way of understanding ideas or groups as a network with many connections, rather than a structure with one starting point or one main part controlling the others.
Examples
แนวคิดnɛɛo-kítแนวคิดnɛɛo-kít1concept; idea; notion2approach; perspective3school of thought; set of ideasแบบbɛ̀ɛpแบบbɛ̀ɛp1style; type; kind; manner2classifier for types, styles, or designs3model; pattern; design; template4form; questionnaire5model; person posing6in a ... way; -ly (pre-head adverbial marker)ไรโซมrai-soomไรโซมrai-soom1rhizome; horizontal plant stem2rhizome; nonhierarchical network (philosophy)มองว่าmɔɔng-wâaมองว่าmɔɔng-wâa1[to] think/consider (that ...)2[to] regard/see [sb]/[sth] as ...ความรู้kwaam-rúuความรู้kwaam-rúuknowledge; learning; understandingเชื่อมโยงกันchʉ̂ʉam-yoong-ganเชื่อมโยงกันchʉ̂ʉam-yoong-gan[to] be connected; [to] be linked togetherได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerหลายlǎaiหลายlǎai1many; several2very; very much; a lot (Isan)ทางtaangทางtaang1way; route; road; path2direction; side3method; means; manner4by; via; through (means or channel)5classifier: roads/routes/ways6in terms of; in the field of7side/party (institutional)โดยdooiโดยdooi1by; via; through2in a ... way; -ly3according to; in accordance withไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)จำเป็นต้องjam-bpen-dtɔ̂ngจำเป็นต้องjam-bpen-dtɔ̂ng[to] have to; must; be required toมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoจุดเริ่มต้นjùt-rə̂əm-dtônจุดเริ่มต้นjùt-rə̂əm-dtônstarting point; beginningเพียงpiiangเพียงpiiang1only; merely; just2only; merely (preposed to nouns/phrases)3if merely; as soon as4equal to; as much as (literary)5enough; sufficient (literary/formal)จุดjùtจุดjùt1dot; spot; speck2point (location/time)3[to] light; ignite4full stop; period5point (argument/aspect)6decimal point7point (classifier for small dots/points)เดียวdiiaoเดียวdiiaosingle; one; only; same
The rhizome approach views knowledge as connected in many ways, without necessarily having a single starting point.
3 more examplesShow less
เมื่อmʉ̂ʉaมองmɔɔngเครือข่ายkrʉʉa-kàaiนักกิจกรรมnák-gìt-jà-gamผ่านpàanแนวคิดnɛɛo-kítไรโซมrai-soomเราraoจะjàเห็นว่าhěn-wâaความร่วมมือkwaam-rûuam-mʉʉเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂nได้dâaiจาjaaกหgɔɔ-hɔ̌ɔลายจุดlaai-jùtโดยdooiไม่ต้องmâi-dtɔ̂ngรอrɔɔคำสั่งkam-sàngจากjàakผู้นำpûu-namส่วนกลางsùuan-glaang
Viewed through the concept of the rhizome, an activist network reveals how cooperation can emerge from multiple points without waiting for instructions from a central leader.
แทนที่จะtɛɛn-tîi-jàจัดjàtความรู้kwaam-rúuเป็นลำดับbpen-lam-dàpชั้นchánที่tîiทุกtúkสาขาsǎa-kǎaแตกออกdtɛ̀ɛk-ɔ̀ɔkจากjàakรากฐานrâak-tǎanเดียวdiiaoแนวคิดnɛɛo-kítไรโซมrai-soomเปิดทางbpə̀ət-taangให้ความรู้hâi-kwaam-rúuต่างdtàangสาขาsǎa-kǎaเชื่อมต่อchʉ̂ʉam-dtɔ̀ɔกันganได้dâaiโดยdooiไม่มีmâi-miiศูนย์กลางsǔun-glaangตายตัวdtaai-dtuua
Rather than organizing knowledge into a hierarchy in which every discipline branches from a single foundation, the concept of the rhizome allows different fields to connect without a fixed center.
การอ่านgaan-àanประวัติศาสตร์bprà-wàt-dtì-sàatผ่านpàanกรอบgrɔ̀ɔpคิดkítแบบbɛ̀ɛpไรโซมrai-soomมิใช่mí-châiเพียงpiiangการปฏิเสธgaan-bpà-dtì-sèetเรื่องเล่าrʉ̂ʉang-lâoหลักlàkหากhàakยังyangเป็นbpenการเปิดgaan-bpə̀ətพื้นที่pʉ́ʉn-tîiให้hâiเรื่องเล่าrʉ̂ʉang-lâoชายขอบchaai-kɔ̀ɔpเชื่อมต่อchʉ̂ʉam-dtɔ̀ɔและlɛ́เปลี่ยนbplìianความหมายkwaam-mǎaiของkɔ̌ɔngกันและกันgan-lɛ́-ganโดยdooiไม่ต้องmâi-dtɔ̂ngยึดyʉ́tศูนย์กลางอำนาจsǔun-glaang-am-nâatเป็นbpenจุดอ้างอิงjùt-âang-ingเดียวdiiao
Reading history through a rhizomatic framework is not merely a rejection of dominant narratives; it also creates space for marginalized narratives to connect and reshape one another's meanings without treating a center of power as the sole point of reference.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel ไ hides a final -ย, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
rai
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ไรraiไรrai1mite (tiny arachnid)2(colloq.) what?; wh- (shortened form of อะไร)3(colloq.) what; which4rice seedling; rice sprout (Northern/poetic)5hairline; edge of the hair (as in ไรผม)mite (tiny arachnid)Part 1
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ไรโซมrai-soomไรโซมrai-soomrhizome; horizontal plant stemrhizome; horizontal plant stemWord