ไม่ทัน
mâi-tanMeanings
1AdverbA2
not in time; too late
occurring too late to meet a time limit, catch something, or do something
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillไปแล้วbpai-lɛ́ɛoไปแล้วbpai-lɛ́ɛo1[to] have gone; have left; be gone (completed action)2[to] be off now; I'm leaving (announcement)ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)มาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerไม่ทันmâi-tanไม่ทันmâi-tan1not in time; too late2[to] miss [sth]; fail to be in time (for [sth])3[to] not keep up (with [sb]/[sth]); be outpaced4[to] not get the chance to (do [sth])
He already left. I was too late.
3 more examplesShow less
ฉันchǎnรีบrîipวิ่งwîngไปที่bpai-tîiร้านráanแต่dtɛ̀ɛก็gɔ̂ไม่ทันmâi-tanร้านráanปิดbpìtไปแล้วbpai-lɛ́ɛo
I rushed to the shop, but I was too late. It had already closed.
อยากได้yàak-dâaiเสื้อsʉ̂ʉaตัวนั้นdtuua-nánมากmâakแต่dtɛ̀ɛตอนdtɔɔnไปbpaiซื้อsʉ́ʉก็gɔ̂ไม่ทันmâi-tanแล้วlɛ́ɛoของหมดkɔ̌ɔng-mòt
I really wanted that shirt, but when I went to buy it, it was too late. It was sold out.
กว่าจะgwàa-jàรวบรวมrûuap-ruuamเอกสารèek-gà-sǎanสมัครงานsà-màk-ngaanเสร็จsètก็gɔ̂ไม่ทันmâi-tanแล้วlɛ́ɛoเพราะprɔ́บริษัทbɔɔ-rí-sàtปิดbpìtรับสมัครráp-sà-màkไปbpaiเมื่อวานmʉ̂ʉa-waan
By the time I finished gathering the job application documents, it was already too late because the company stopped accepting applications yesterday.
2VerbB1
[to] miss [sth]; fail to be in time (for [sth])
to not arrive or act early enough to catch, attend, or get something (e.g., ไม่ทันรถไฟ ‘miss the train’)
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillมาถึงmaa-tʉ̌ngมาถึงmaa-tʉ̌ng1[to] arrive (somewhere)2[to] reach; come to (time/stage/topic)ช้าcháaช้าcháa1slow2slowly3late; delayed4[to] be slow; be lateไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyเลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ทันรถไฟtan-rót-faiทันรถไฟtan-rót-fai[to] catch the train; be in time for the trainเที่ยวtîiaoเที่ยวtîiao1[to] go out; hang out; travel for leisure; go clubbing2time; round (classifier)3[to] make the rounds; visit around4trip; journey; runสุดท้ายsùt-táaiสุดท้ายsùt-táai1last; final2finally; in the end; ultimately
He arrived too late, so he missed the last train.
3 more examplesShow less
ถ้าtâaเราraoไปbpaiช้ากว่าcháa-gwàaนี้níiอาจจะàat-jàซื้อsʉ́ʉตั๋วคอนเสิร์ตdtǔua-kɔɔn-sə̀ətไม่ทันmâi-tanนะnáเพราะprɔ́มันmanจะjàขายหมดkǎai-mòtก่อนgɔ̀ɔn
If we go any later, we might not get concert tickets in time because they'll sell out.
ผมpǒmรีบrîipไปที่bpai-tîiร้านráanแล้วlɛ́ɛoแต่dtɛ̀ɛก็gɔ̂ไม่ทันmâi-tanของลดราคาkɔ̌ɔng-lót-raa-kaaถูกtùukขายkǎaiไปหมดแล้วbpai-mòt-lɛ́ɛo
I rushed to the store, but I didn't make it in time; the discounted items were all sold out.
เนื่องจากnʉ̂ʉang-jàakการจราจรติดขัดgaan-jà-raa-jɔɔn-dtìt-kàtอย่างหนักyàang-nàkทำให้tam-hâiเขาkǎoไปbpaiประชุมbprà-chumสำคัญsǎm-kanไม่ทันmâi-tanซึ่งsʉ̂ngส่งผลกระทบต่อsòng-pǒn-grà-tóp-dtɔ̀ɔโครงการkroong-gaanเป็นอย่างมากbpen-yàang-mâak
Due to the severe traffic jam, he failed to attend the important meeting, which significantly impacted the project.
3VerbB1
[to] not keep up (with [sb]/[sth]); be outpaced
to be unable to match someone’s speed, ability, or progress; to fall behind
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillเดินdəənเดินdəən1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] proceed; go; move along3[to] run; operate (machine/system)4[to] run; operate; keep runningเร็วreoเร็วreo1fast; quick (speed/time)2quickly; fast3early; soonมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerousฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)เดินdəənเดินdəən1[to] walk; go on foot2[to] proceed; go; move along3[to] run; operate (machine/system)4[to] run; operate; keep runningตามไม่ทันdtaam-mâi-tanตามไม่ทันdtaam-mâi-tan1[to] not understand; [to] not follow (an explanation)2[to] not be able to keep up3[to] not keep up (with [sth]); [to] fall behind
He walks very fast; I can't keep up.
3 more examplesShow less
เนื้อหาnʉ́ʉa-hǎaที่tîiอาจารย์aa-jaanสอนsɔ̌ɔnวันนี้wan-níiยากมากyâak-mâakนักเรียนnák-riianหลายคนlǎai-konเรียนriianตามไม่ทันdtaam-mâi-tan
The material the teacher taught today was very difficult; many students couldn't keep up.
เธอtəəพูดpûutเร็วreoไปหน่อยbpai-nɔ̀iฉันchǎnฟังfangไม่ทันmâi-tanว่าwâaเธอtəəต้องการdtɔ̂ng-gaanอะไรà-rai
You spoke a bit too fast; I couldn't follow what you wanted.
ในnaiยุคดิจิทัลyúk dí-jí-tanธุรกิจtú-rá-gìtที่têeไม่mâiปรับตัวbpràp dtuuaให้hâiเข้ากับkâo gàpเทคโนโลยีtêk-no-lo-yeeใหม่ๆmài màiก็gâwจะjàตามdtaamโลกlôhkไม่ทันmâi tanและláeอาจàatต้องdtôngปิดตัวbpìt dtuuaไปbpai
In the digital age, businesses that don't adapt to new technologies will fall behind and may have to shut down.
4VerbB1
[to] not get the chance to (do [sth])
used before another verb to mean something happened before one could do it (pattern: ไม่ทันได้ + V / ไม่ทันไม่ทันmâi-tan1not in time; too late2[to] miss [sth]; fail to be in time (for [sth])3[to] not keep up (with [sb]/[sth]); be outpaced4[to] not get the chance to (do [sth])(จะจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)) V ... ก็ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption marker ...)
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)5to; towardไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ทันtanทันtan1[to] be in time for2in time3[to] catch up with; keep up with; keep abreast of4[to] be a match for; see throughได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerพูดpûutพูดpûut1[to] speak; talk2[to] say; speak3[to] tell; talk aboutอะไรà-raiอะไรà-rai1what2what; what kind of (modifier)3something; anything (unspecified)4what? (interjection of surprise/confusion)เลยləəiเลยləəi1at all; whatsoever (often in negatives)2so; thus; then (immediate result)3completely; absolutely (emphasis)4[to] pass; go beyond; exceedเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerวางสายwaang-sǎaiวางสายwaang-sǎai1[to] hang up (the phone); end a call2[to] lay/install (lines or cables)ไปแล้วbpai-lɛ́ɛoไปแล้วbpai-lɛ́ɛo1[to] have gone; have left; be gone (completed action)2[to] be off now; I'm leaving (announcement)
I hadn't even had a chance to say anything before he hung up.
3 more examplesShow less
เราraoยังyangไม่mâiทันtanจะjàกินข้าวgin-kâaoเสร็จsètเลยləəiฝนfǒnก็gɔ̂ตกลงมาdtòk-long-maaอย่างหนักyàang-nàk
We hadn't even finished eating when it started to rain heavily.
อาหารaa-hǎanยังyangไม่mâiทันtanได้dâaiเสิร์ฟsə̀əpลูกค้าlûuk-káaก็gɔ̂บ่นbònแล้วlɛ́ɛoว่าwâaรอrɔɔนานnaan
The food hadn't even been served yet and the customer was already complaining about the long wait.
ยังyangไม่mâiทันtanที่tîiรัฐบาลrát-tà-baanจะได้jà-dâaiประกาศใช้bprà-gàat-cháiนโยบายná-yoo-baaiอย่างเป็นทางการyàang-bpen-taang-gaanก็gɔ̂เกิดgə̀ətกระแสgrà-sɛ̌ɛวิพากษ์วิจารณ์wí-pâak-wí-jaanในnaiสังคมออนไลน์sǎng-kom-ɔɔn-laaiแล้วlɛ́ɛo
Before the government could even officially announce the policy, a wave of criticism had already erupted on social media.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
mâi
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
+
ทันtanทันtan1[to] be in time for2in time3[to] catch up with; keep up with; keep abreast of4[to] be a match for; see through[to] be in time forPart 2
ไม่ทันmâi-tanไม่ทันmâi-tannot in time; too latenot in time; too lateWord