แดน
dɛɛnMeanings
1NounB1
land; territory; country (literary)
a region or territory; can also mean a country in literary or formal use
Examples
ปีหน้าbpii-nâaปีหน้าbpii-nâanext yearฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)อยากyàakอยากyàak1[to] want; desire2to crave; to long forไปเที่ยวbpai-tîiaoไปเที่ยวbpai-tîiao1[to] go out for fun; hang out2[to] travel for leisure; go on a trip; go sightseeing3[to] drop by for fun; pay a casual visitแดนdɛɛnแดนdɛɛn1land; territory; country (literary)2realm; domain (figurative)3border; frontierเหนือnʉ̌ʉaเหนือnʉ̌ʉa1north; the North2northern3above; over4superior to; aboveของkɔ̌ɔngของkɔ̌ɔng1of; belonging to2thing; item; stuff3property; goodsไทยtaiไทยtai1Thai (language)2Thai; of Thailand3Thai person
Next year I want to travel to the northern region of Thailand.
3 more examplesShow less
นักท่องเที่ยวnák-tɔ̂ɔng-tîiaoจำนวนมากjam-nuuan-mâakหลงรักlǒng-rákความเงียบสงบkwaam-ngîiap-sà-ngòpของkɔ̌ɔngแดนdɛɛnอีสานii-sǎan
Many tourists fall in love with the tranquility of the Isan region.
หนังสือnǎng-sʉ̌ʉเล่มlêmนี้níiบอกเล่าbɔ̀ɔk-lâoเรื่องราวrʉ̂ʉang-raaoผู้คนpûu-konในnaiแดนdɛɛnแห้งแล้งhɛ̂ɛng-lɛ́ɛngที่tîiต้องdtɔ̂ngพึ่งpʉ̂ngน้ำnáamจากjàakแม่น้ำสายmɛ̂ɛ-náam-sǎaiเดียวdiiao
This book tells the stories of people in an arid region that must rely on a single river.
กวีพรรณนาgà-wii-pan-ná-naaถึงtʉ̌ngแดนdɛɛnอันanไกลโพ้นglai-póonว่าwâaเป็นbpenประเทศbprà-têetที่tîiรุ่งเรืองrûng-rʉʉangด้วยdûuaiศิลปะsǐn-lá-bpàและlɛ́วัฒนธรรมwát-tá-ná-tam
The poet describes a faraway land as a country flourishing with art and culture.
2NounB2
realm; domain (figurative)
a sphere or field of activity, influence, or experience (often literary/figurative)
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillโดดเด่นdòot-dèenโดดเด่นdòot-dèen1outstanding; prominent2striking; eye-catching3[to] stand out; be prominentในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)แดนdɛɛnแดนdɛɛn1land; territory; country (literary)2realm; domain (figurative)3border; frontierศิลปะร่วมสมัยsǐn-lá-bpà-rûuam-sà-mǎiศิลปะร่วมสมัยsǐn-lá-bpà-rûuam-sà-mǎicontemporary artและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoนิทรรศการní-tát-sà-gaanนิทรรศการní-tát-sà-gaanexhibition; exhibitบ่อยครั้งbɔ̀i-krángบ่อยครั้งbɔ̀i-krángoften; frequently
He stands out in the realm of contemporary art and often has exhibitions.
3 more examplesShow less
In the sphere of politics, the younger generation is starting to play a bigger role.
งานวิจัยngaan-wí-jaiชิ้นนี้chín-níiเปิดbpə̀ətประตูbprà-dtuuสู่sùuแดนdɛɛnความรู้kwaam-rúuใหม่màiที่tîiเราraoไม่เคยmâi-kəəiสำรวจsǎm-rùuatมาก่อนmaa-gɔ̀ɔn
This research opens the door to a realm of knowledge we have never explored before.
เขาkǎoไม่mâiอยากyàakเกี่ยวข้องกับgìiao-kɔ̂ɔng-gàpแดนdɛɛnอิทธิพลมืดìt-tí-pon-mʉ̂ʉtของkɔ̌ɔngธุรกิจtú-rá-gìtสีเทาsǐi-taoแม้mɛ́ɛจะjàได้dâaiผลตอบแทนpǒn-dtɔ̀ɔp-tɛɛnสูงsǔung
He doesn’t want to get involved in the dark sphere of grey-area businesses, even though the returns are high.
3NounB2
border; frontier
a boundary area or frontier between countries or regions; also, a border
Examples
หมู่บ้านmùu-bâanหมู่บ้านmùu-bâan1village; hamlet2housing estate; gated communityนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)อยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainใกล้glâiใกล้glâi1near; close (in distance/time/resemblance)2[to] be near; be close toแดนdɛɛnแดนdɛɛn1land; territory; country (literary)2realm; domain (figurative)3border; frontierระหว่างrá-wàangระหว่างrá-wàang1between; among2during3interval; in-between timeสองsɔ̌ɔngสองsɔ̌ɔng1two; 22secondประเทศbprà-têetประเทศbprà-têetcountry; nation; stateทำให้tam-hâiทำให้tam-hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoด่านตรวจdàan-dtrùuatด่านตรวจdàan-dtrùuatcheckpoint; roadblock; inspection pointอยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainตลอดdtà-lɔ̀ɔtตลอดdtà-lɔ̀ɔt1throughout; continuously; all the time2throughout; along (extent/duration)
This village is near the frontier between two countries, so there are checkpoints all the time.
3 more examplesShow less
เราraoเดินdəənไปจนถึงbpai-jon-tʉ̌ngเส้นsênแดนdɛɛnของkɔ̌ɔngจังหวัดjang-wàtแล้วlɛ́ɛoถ่ายรูปtàai-rûupกับgàpป้ายbpâaiเขตแดนkèet-dɛɛn
We walked to the provincial border and took a photo with the boundary sign.
ทหารลาดตระเวนtá-hǎan-lâat-dtrà-weenตลอดแนวdtà-lɔ̀ɔt-nɛɛoแดนdɛɛnเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganการgaanลักลอบlák-lɔ̂ɔpข้ามพรมแดนkâam-prom-dɛɛn
Soldiers patrol along the frontier to prevent illegal border crossings.
ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanสองsɔ̌ɔngฝั่งfàngแดนdɛɛnยังyangค้าขายkáa-kǎaiกันganได้dâaiแม้mɛ́ɛมีmiiมาตรmâatการควบคุมgaan-kûuap-kumพรมแดนprom-dɛɛnที่tîiเข้มงวดkêm-ngûuat
Villagers on both sides of the border can still trade, even with strict border control measures.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dɛɛn
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |