เสน

sěen

Meanings

1NounC1

red lead; deep red

red lead (minium) or a deep red color associated with it

Examples

ประตูbprà-dtuuประตูbprà-dtuu1door; gate; portal2goal (structure or score)3classifier: doors; gates; goals4gateway; means of access (figurative)วัดwátวัดwát1to measure2Buddhist temple3to gauge; assessบานbaanบานbaan1[to] bloom2[to] spread out; [to] flare outward3wide; flared4door or window panel; door leaf5[to] balloon; [to] swell; [to] escalate (cost/size/number)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ถูกtùukถูกtùuk1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3[to] touch; come into contact with [sb/sth]4to be correct/right5proper; morally right6[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)7passive marker (often adverse)ทาtaaทาtaa1[to] apply; spread (a substance)2[to] coat; paint (surface)ด้วยdûuaiด้วยdûuai1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooสีsǐiสีsǐi1color2paint3[to] rub; scrub; polishเสนsěenเสนsěen1red lead; deep red2stump-tailed macaqueจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)สีแดงสดsǐi-dɛɛng-sòtสีแดงสดsǐi-dɛɛng-sòtbright red; vivid red
This temple door is painted with minium pigment until it is bright red.
3 more examples
ช่างเขียนchâng-kǐianโบราณboo-raanนิยมní-yomใช้cháiเสนsěenผสมpà-sǒmสีsǐiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaวาดwâatพื้นหลังpʉ́ʉn-lǎngในnaiจิตรกรรมฝาผนังjìt-dtrà-gam-fǎa-pà-nǎng
Ancient painters favored using red lead mixed with paint to draw backgrounds in mural paintings.
ความเป็นพิษkwaam-bpen-pítของkɔ̌ɔngเสนsěenทำให้tam-hâiผู้เชี่ยวชาญpûu-chîiao-chaanด้านdâanการอนุรักษ์gaan-à-nú-rákต้องdtɔ̂ngระมัดระวังrá-mát-rá-wangอย่างมากyàang-mâakเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaซ่อมแซมsɔ̂m-sɛɛmสมุดข่อยsà-mùt-kɔ̀ɔiโบราณboo-raan
The toxicity of minium requires conservation experts to be extremely careful when restoring ancient Khoi manuscripts.
ในnaiตำราdtam-raaเล่นlênแร่rɛ̂ɛแปรbprɛɛธาตุtâatของkɔ̌ɔngไทยtaiแต่โบราณdtɛ̀ɛ-boo-raanเสนsěenมักmákจะjàต้องdtɔ̂ngผ่านpàanกระบวนการgrà-buuan-gaanสะsàตุdtùเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaลดlótความเป็นพิษkwaam-bpen-pítก่อนgɔ̀ɔnนำมาnam-maaปรุงยาbprung-yaa
In ancient Thai alchemy texts, red lead usually had to undergo a calcination process to reduce its toxicity before being compounded into medicine.
2NounC2

stump-tailed macaque

a stump-tailed macaque (a species of monkey)

Examples

ลิงlingลิงling1monkey2classifier: ตัว3playful/mischievous person (figurative)เสนsěenเสนsěen1red lead; deep red2stump-tailed macaqueมีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoลักษณะเด่นlák-sà-nà-dèenลักษณะเด่นlák-sà-nà-dèen1distinctive feature; salient characteristic; hallmark2dominant trait (genetics)ที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerสังเกตsǎng-gèetสังเกตsǎng-gèet1[to] observe [sth]; watch closely2[to] notice [sth]; perceive [sth]3[to] note [sth]; take note (mentally)ได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerง่ายngâaiง่ายngâai1easy; simple2easily; readilyคือkʉʉคือkʉʉ1to be (definition/identification)2namely; that is; i.e.มีหน้าmii-nâaมีหน้าmii-nâa1[to] have honor; [to] have prestige2[to] have the nerve; [to] be shamelessสีแดงsǐi-dɛɛngสีแดงsǐi-dɛɛng1the color red2red; red-coloredและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoหางhǎangหางhǎang1tail (of an animal)2tail-like part; trailing end3rear; back end4classifier: tailsที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerสั้นsânสั้นsân1short (length)2short (time; brief)3conciseมากmâakมากmâak1very; extremely2much; a lot; greatly3many; numerous
The stump-tailed macaque has easily noticeable distinct features: a red face and a very short tail.
3 more examples
การสูญเสียgaan-sǔun-sǐiaถิ่นที่อยู่อาศัยtìn-tîi-yùu-aa-sǎiส่งผลกระทบsòng-pǒn-grà-tópอย่างรุนแรงyàang-run-rɛɛngต่อdtɔ̀ɔประชากรbprà-chaa-gɔɔnลิงlingเสนsěenในnaiธรรมชาติtam-má-châatจนjonทำให้tam-hâiพวกมันpûuak-manเสี่ยงsìiangต่อdtɔ̀ɔการสูญพันธุ์gaan-sǔun-pan
Habitat loss has severely impacted the population of stump-tailed macaques in the wild, putting them at risk of extinction.
ลิงlingเสนsěenต่างจากdtàang-jàakลิงlingสายพันธุ์sǎai-panอื่นʉ̀ʉnตรงที่dtrong-tîiพวกมันpûuak-manมักmákใช้ชีวิตchái-chii-wítอยู่yùuบนพื้นดินbon-pʉ́ʉn-dinและlɛ́ชอบchɔ̂ɔpอาศัยอยู่aa-sǎi-yùuในnaiป่าดิบชื้นbpàa-dìp-chʉ́ʉnที่tîiอุดมสมบูรณ์ù-dom-sǒm-buun
Unlike other macaque species, stump-tailed macaques mostly live on the ground and prefer to inhabit lush evergreen forests.
การศึกษาgaan-sʉ̀k-sǎaพฤติกรรมprʉ́t-dtì-gamทางสังคมtaang-sǎng-komของkɔ̌ɔngลิงlingเสนsěenพบว่าpóp-wâaพวกมันpûuak-manมีmiiโครงสร้างkroong-sâangลำดับชั้นlam-dàp-chánที่tîiเข้มงวดkêm-ngûuatแต่dtɛ̀ɛก็gɔ̂มีmiiการแสดงออกgaan-sà-dɛɛng-ɔ̀ɔkเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaประนีประนอมbprà-nii-bprà-nɔɔmหลังlǎngการต่อสู้gaan-dtɔ̀ɔ-sûuที่tîiซับซ้อนsáp-sɔ́ɔnเช่นกันchên-gan
Studies on the social behavior of stump-tailed macaques reveal that they have a strict hierarchical structure, but also exhibit complex reconciliation behaviors after conflicts.

Tones

See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.

How the tone is decided

  1. Consonant classHigh class
  2. Tone markNo tone mark
  3. Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.

High class consonants

ขฃฉฐถผฝศษสห

Result

Rising tone

sěen

Dips low first, then rises clearly.

High class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Rising

Tone chart

Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.

Mid classHigh classLow class
No mark + liveMidRisingMid
No mark + dead shortLowLowHigh
No mark + dead longLowLowFalling
Mai ekLowLowFalling
Mai thoFallingFallingHigh
Mai triHigh——
Mai chattawaRising——