ล้อม
lɔ́ɔmMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] surround; encircle
to go or be all around [sb/sth] on every side
Examples
เด็กๆdèk dèkเด็กๆdèk dèk1children; kids2childish; immature3easy; trivial (colloquial)ยืนyeunยืนyeun1[to] stand2standing; upright (posture/position)3fixed; steady; unchanged (figurative)4to be fixed; remain unchanged (figurative)ล้อมlómล้อมlóm1[to] surround; encircle2[to] besiege3[to] fence in; encloseครูkruuครูkruu1teacher2master; mentor (respectful)3classifier: คน; ท่าน (respectful)เป็นวงbpen wongเป็นวงbpen wong1in a circle2circular; ring-shapedกลมglomกลมglom1round; circular2well-rounded; balanced (flavor/sound)3round (of a number)ตอนdtonตอนdton1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; periodเล่นเกมlên gemเล่นเกมlên gem[to] play games
The children stood around the teacher in a circle while playing a game.
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The audience gathered around the stage to watch the dancers from every angle.
หลายคนlǎai-konล้อมlɔ́ɔmโต๊ะdtóกลางglaangห้องhɔ̂ngเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaฟังfangเขาkǎoเล่าเรื่องlâo-rʉ̂ʉangการเดินทางgaan-dəən-taang
Many people surrounded the table in the middle of the room to listen to him tell about his travels.
นักข่าวnák-kàaoล้อมlɔ́ɔmวิทยากรwít-tá-yaa-gɔɔnไว้wáiรอบด้านrɔ̂ɔp-dâanทำให้tam-hâiเขาkǎoต้องdtɔ̂ngหันhǎnตอบคำถามdtɔ̀ɔp-kam-tǎamจากjàakทุกทิศทางtúk-tít-taang
Reporters encircled the speaker on all sides, making him turn to answer questions from every direction.
2VerbB2
[to] besiege
to surround a place with the intention of cutting it off or forcing surrender
Examples
ทหารtá-hǎanทหารtá-hǎan1soldier; service member2the military; armed forces3military (as modifier)ประกาศbprà-gàatประกาศbprà-gàat1[to] announce; declare2announcement; notice3proclamation; decree4[to] proclaim; promulgate (form.)ล้อมlɔ́ɔmล้อมlɔ́ɔm1[to] surround; encircle2[to] besiege3[to] fence in; encloseอาคารศาลาaa-kaan-sǎa-laaอาคารศาลาaa-kaan-sǎa-laapavilion; open hallว่าการwâa-gaanว่าการwâa-gaan[to] administer; direct official affairsเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofกดดันgòt-danกดดันgòt-dan[to] pressure; coerceให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3[to] have [sb] do; cause to4for (benefit of)5so that; in order to6until; to the point that (result)ผู้ก่อเหตุpûu-gɔ̀ɔ-hèetผู้ก่อเหตุpûu-gɔ̀ɔ-hèetperpetrator; culpritยอมyɔɔmยอมyɔɔm1[to] agree; consent2[to] allow; permit3[to] yield; give in; submit4[to] admit (acknowledge)มอบตัวmɔ̂ɔp-dtuuaมอบตัวmɔ̂ɔp-dtuua1[to] turn oneself in; [to] surrender [to authorities]2[to] enroll; [to] register [at school]
The soldiers announced that they had surrounded the city hall to pressure the perpetrators to surrender.
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ตำรวจdtam-rùuatตัดสินใจdtàt-sǐn-jaiล้อมlɔ́ɔmโกดังgoo-dangก่อนgɔ̀ɔnเข้าตรวจค้นkâo-dtrùuat-kónเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiผู้ต้องสงสัยpûu-dtɔ̂ng-sǒng-sǎiหนีnǐi
The police decided to surround the warehouse before conducting a search to prevent the suspects from fleeing.
กองกำลังgɔɔng-gam-langใช้cháiยุทธวิธีyút-tá-wí-tiiล้อมlɔ́ɔmหมู่บ้านmùu-bâanตัดdtàtเส้นทางsên-taangเสบียงsà-biiangบีบให้bìip-hâiฝ่ายตรงข้ามfàai-dtrong-kâamยอมแพ้yɔɔm-pɛ́ɛโดยdooiไม่mâiปะทะbpà-tá
The force used a tactic of surrounding the village to cut supply routes, compelling the opponents to surrender without a clash.
หน่วยเฉพาะกิจnùuai-chà-pɔ́-gìtล้อมlɔ́ɔmพื้นที่pʉ́ʉn-tîiตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛเช้ามืดcháo-mʉ̂ʉtและlɛ́เจรจาjee-rá-jaaอย่างต่อเนื่องyàang-dtɔ̀ɔ-nʉ̂ʉangเพื่อให้pʉ̂ʉa-hâiผู้ต้องหาpûu-dtɔ̂ng-hǎaออกมาɔ̀ɔk-maaมอบตัวmɔ̂ɔp-dtuuaโดยdooiสันติsǎn-dtì
The task force surrounded the area at dawn and negotiated continuously to have the suspect surrender peacefully.
3VerbB2
[to] fence in; enclose
to put a barrier or boundary around an area to keep it contained or protected
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillล้อมlɔ́ɔmล้อมlɔ́ɔm1[to] surround; encircle2[to] besiege3[to] fence in; encloseสนามเด็กเล่นsà-nǎam-dèk-lênสนามเด็กเล่นsà-nǎam-dèk-lênplayground; children's play areaด้วยdûuaiด้วยdûuai1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooรั้วrúuaรั้วrúua1fence; enclosure2railings; barrierไม้máaiไม้máai1wood; timber2stick; rod; club; bat3classifier: skewers of food4tone/diacritic mark (Thai orthography)5tool; implementเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaเพื่อpʉ̂ʉa1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofความปลอดภัยkwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-paiความปลอดภัยkwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-pai1safety2security
They fenced the playground with wooden rails for safety.
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ฟาร์มfaamล้อมlɔ́ɔmคอกวัวkɔ̂ɔk-wuuaด้วยdûuaiลวดหนามlûuat-nǎamเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiวัวwuuaหลุดlùtออกไปɔ̀ɔk-bpai
The farm enclosed the cattle pen with barbed wire to keep the cows from getting out.
ผู้จัดงานpûu-jàt-ngaanล้อมlɔ́ɔmพื้นที่pʉ́ʉn-tîiเวทีwee-tiiด้วยdûuaiแผงกั้นpɛ̌ɛng-gânโลหะloo-hàเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaควบคุมkûuap-kumฝูงชนfǔung-chon
The organizers barricaded the stage area with metal barriers to control the crowd.
เทศบาลtêet-sà-baanล้อมlɔ́ɔmแหล่งlɛ̀ngก่อสร้างgɔ̀ɔ-sâangด้วยdûuaiผ้าใบpâa-baiและlɛ́รั้วrúuaชั่วคราวchûua-kraaoเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganฝุ่นfùnและlɛ́อุบัติเหตุù-bàt-dtì-hèet
The municipality enclosed the construction site with tarps and temporary fencing to prevent dust and accidents.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
lɔ́ɔm
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + Mai tho → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |