มั่น
mânMeanings
1AdjectiveB1
firm; steady; secure
physically stable or fixed; not likely to move, shake, or collapse
Examples
เก้าอี้gâo-îiเก้าอี้gâo-îi1chair2post; position (informal)ตัวdtuuaตัวdtuua1body; self; person (colloq.)2classifier: animals, garments, furniture, certain items; people (informal)3character; figureนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)วางwaangวางwaang1[to] put; place; set (down)2[to] hang up (the phone); end a call3[to] lay (eggs)4[to] lay out; formulate; establish (plan/policy/system)5[to] set; assign; impose6[to] let go of; relinquish (attachment/prejudice)แล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)มั่นmânมั่นmân1firm; steady; secure2confident; certain3steadfast; constantไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)โคลงเคลงkloong-kleengโคลงเคลงkloong-kleeng1unsteady; wobbly; rocking2[to] rock; sway unsteadily
This chair sits firmly and doesn’t wobble.
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เขาตอกkǎo-dtɔ̀ɔkตะปูdtà-bpuuเพิ่มpə̂əmให้hâiชั้นวางของchán-waang-kɔ̌ɔngมั่นmânไม่mâiหลุดlùtง่ายngâai
He added nails so the shelf would be stable and not come off easily.
This temporary bridge seems stable enough for small cars to pass.
ช่างchângตรวจdtrùuatเสาเข็มsǎo-kěmให้hâiยึดแน่นyʉ́t-nɛ̂nจนjonโครงสร้างkroong-sâangยืนyʉʉnมั่นmânไม่mâiไหวเอนwǎi-eenแม้mɛ́ɛมีmiiลมแรงlom-rɛɛng
The builder inspected the piles to ensure the structure stands firm, not swaying even in strong wind.
2AdjectiveB1
confident; certain
having strong conviction or assurance; sure and without doubt (often used with ว่าว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticize or ในในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal))
Examples
ฉันchănฉันchăn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)มั่นใจmân jaiมั่นใจmân jai1confident; sure2[to] be confident; [to] be sure (of/about)ว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeเขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)มาช่วยmaa chûuaiมาช่วยmaa chûuai[to] come and helpเราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)แน่ๆnâe nâeแน่ๆnâe nâedefinitely; for sure; certainly
I am sure that he will definitely come to help us.
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ครูkruuมั่นใจmân-jaiในnaiความสามารถkwaam-sǎa-mâatของkɔ̌ɔngนักเรียนnák-riianว่าwâaจะjàสอบผ่านsɔ̀ɔp-pàanทุกคนtúk-kon
The teacher is confident in the students' ability that they will all pass the exam.
เขาkǎoพูดด้วยpûut-dûuaiน้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiangที่tîiมั่นใจmân-jaiว่าwâaแนวคิดnɛɛo-kítนี้níiจะได้jà-dâaiผลpǒn
He spoke with a confident tone that this idea would work.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàมีmiiคำkamค้านkáanมากมายmâak-maaiฉันchǎnก็gɔ̂ยังyangมั่นใจmân-jaiในnaiหลักฐานlàk-tǎanที่tîiเตรียมมาdtriiam-maaและlɛ́เชื่อว่าchʉ̂ʉa-wâaจะjàพิสูจน์pí-sùutความจริงkwaam-jingได้dâai
Despite many objections, I am still confident in the evidence I prepared and believe it will prove the truth.
3AdjectiveB2
steadfast; constant
resolute and unwavering in commitment, loyalty, or intent (often in set phrases such as มั่นคงมั่นคงmân-kong1stable; steady2secure (finance/job/state), มั่นใจมั่นใจmân-jai1confident; sure2[to] be confident; [to] be sure (of/about), มั่นหมายมั่นหมายmân-mǎai[to] firmly resolve; set one's heart on)
Examples
เธอtəəเธอtəə1you (informal; familiar)2she; herยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)5to; towardมั่นคงmân-kongมั่นคงmân-kong1stable; steady2secure (finance/job/state)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)คำสาบานkam-sǎa-baanคำสาบานkam-sǎa-baanoath; vowว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeจะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)อยู่yùuอยู่yùu1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainเคียงข้างkiiang-kâangเคียงข้างkiiang-kâang1beside; side by side (adv.)2[to] be/stay beside; stand byเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanเพื่อนpʉ̂ʉan1friend2classmate; colleague (peer)3companion; fellowเสมอsà-mə̌əเสมอsà-mə̌ə1always; invariably2constantly; habitually3equal; level; even4[to] draw; [to] tie
She remains resolute in her vow to always stand by her friend.
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ถึงจะtʉ̌ng-jàถูกtùukคัดค้านkát-káanเขาkǎoยังyangมั่นหมายmân-mǎaiจะjàสานต่อsǎan-dtɔ̀ɔโครงการkroong-gaanอาสาaa-sǎa
Despite opposition, he remains unwavering in his intention to continue the volunteer project.
พรรคpákประกาศbprà-gàatอย่างมั่นคงyàang-mân-kongว่าwâaจะjàยึดมั่นyʉ́t-mânแนวทางnɛɛo-taangเดิมdəəmโดยdooiไม่mâiเปลี่ยนใจbplìian-jai
The party firmly declared it would adhere to its original course without wavering.
เธอtəəมั่นใจmân-jaiในnaiพันธสัญญาpan-tá-sǎn-yaaที่tîiให้ไว้hâi-wáiกับgàpชุมชนchum-chonและlɛ́ไม่mâiยอมถอยyɔɔm-tɔ̌ɔiแม้mɛ́ɛมีmiiแรงกดดันrɛɛng-gòt-dan
She is resolute in her commitment to the community and refuses to back down despite pressure.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
mân
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |