โต้
dtôoMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] retort; [to] rebut; [to] counter
to respond in opposition to an argument or statement; to make a counter-argument
Examples
ระหว่างประชุมrá-wàang-bprà-chumระหว่างประชุมrá-wàang-bprà-chumduring the meetingเขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillโต้dtôoโต้dtôo1[to] retort; [to] rebut; [to] counter2[to] answer back; [to] talk back3[to] exchange replies; [to] return; [to] hit backว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeแผนpɛ̌ɛnแผนpɛ̌ɛn1plan; strategy2scheme; plotนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderต้นทุนdtôn-tunต้นทุนdtôn-tun1cost; cost of production2starting advantage/disadvantage; baselineสูงเกินไปsǔung-gəən-bpaiสูงเกินไปsǔung-gəən-bpaitoo high; overly tall
During the meeting, he countered that this plan is too costly.
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ฉันchǎnยกyókตัวเลขdtuua-lêekมาmaaโต้dtôoความเห็นkwaam-hěnที่ว่าtîi-wâaโครงการkroong-gaanไม่คุ้มค่าmâi-kúm-kâa
I brought up figures to counter the opinion that the project isn't worthwhile.
นักวิชาการnák-wí-chaa-gaanคนหนึ่งkon-nʉ̀ngโต้dtôoข้อเสนอkɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌əของkɔ̌ɔngคณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanด้วยdûuaiหลักฐานlàk-tǎanจากjàakงานวิจัยngaan-wí-jaiล่าสุดlâa-sùt
One scholar countered the committee’s proposal with evidence from recent research.
เธอtəəโต้dtôoแนวคิดnɛɛo-kítดังกล่าวdang-glàaoโดยdooiชี้ให้เห็นchíi-hâi-hěnข้อสันนิษฐานkɔ̂ɔ-sǎn-nít-tǎanที่tîiผิดpìtและlɛ́ผลกระทบpǒn-grà-tópที่tîiตามมาdtaam-maa
She countered the idea by pointing out the faulty assumptions and ensuing implications.
2VerbB2
[to] answer back; [to] talk back
to reply sharply or defiantly, especially in a dispute or to a person in authority
Examples
นักเรียนnák-riianนักเรียนnák-riianschool student; pupilโต้dtôoโต้dtôo1[to] retort; [to] rebut; [to] counter2[to] answer back; [to] talk back3[to] exchange replies; [to] return; [to] hit backครูkruuครูkruu1teacher2master; mentor (respectful)3classifier: คน; ท่าน (respectful)ทันทีtan-tiiทันทีtan-tiiimmediately; at onceเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเมื่อmʉ̂ʉa1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)ถูกtùukถูกtùuk1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3to be correct/right4proper; morally right5[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)6passive marker (often adverse)กล่าวหาglàao-hǎaกล่าวหาglàao-hǎa[to] accuse [sb] (of [sth])ว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeลอกlɔ̂ɔkลอกlɔ̂ɔk1[to] peel; flake off2[to] copy; duplicateการบ้านgaan-bâanการบ้านgaan-bâan1homework; school assignment2housework (colloq.)โดยdooiโดยdooi1by; via; through2in a ... way; -lyยืนกรานyʉʉn-graanยืนกรานyʉʉn-graan[to] insist; stand firmว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeตนdtonตนdton1self; oneself2self (as a concept)3classifier: supernatural beings; asceticsทำเองtam-eengทำเองtam-eeng1[to] do [sth] oneself; [to] make [sth] oneself2homemade; self-made
The student retorted to the teacher immediately when accused of copying homework, insisting he did it himself.
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เธอtəəโต้dtôoหัวหน้างานhǔua-nâa-ngaanอย่างกล้าหาญyàang-glâa-hǎanเพราะprɔ́เชื่อว่าchʉ̂ʉa-wâaข้อเสนอkɔ̂ɔ-sà-nə̌əของkɔ̌ɔngทีมtiimถูกtùukมองข้ามmɔɔng-kâam
She boldly snapped back at her supervisor because she believed the team’s proposal was being overlooked.
แม้mɛ́ɛผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanจะjàตำหนิdtam-nìแรงrɛɛngเขาkǎoก็gɔ̂โต้กลับdtôo-glàpด้วยdûuaiน้ำเสียงnáam-sǐiangแข็งกร้าวkɛ̌ng-grâaoเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaปกป้องbpòk-bpɔ̂ngลูกทีมlûuk-tiim
Even though the manager criticized harshly, he shot back in a firm tone to defend his team members.
นักกิจกรรมnák gìt-jà-gamโต้dtôhเจ้าหน้าที่jâo nâa têeบนbonเวทีway-teeอย่างyàangไม่เกรงกลัวmâi grayng gluuaตั้งคำถามdtâng kam tăamตรงdtrongๆ-ต่อdtòอำนาจรัฐam-nâat rát
The activist defiantly retorted to the officials on stage, directly challenging state authority.
3VerbC1
[to] exchange replies; [to] return; [to] hit back
to respond in a back-and-forth exchange, such as exchanging verses or hitting a ball back to another player
Examples
เด็กๆdèk dèkเด็กๆdèk dèk1children; kids2childish; immature3easy; trivial (colloquial)เล่นเกมlên gemเล่นเกมlên gem[to] play gamesโต้dtôhโต้dtôh1[to] retort; [to] rebut; [to] counter2[to] answer back; [to] talk back3[to] exchange replies; [to] return; [to] hit backคำถามkam tăamคำถามkam tăamquestionกันganกันgan1together; together with2each other; one another (post-verb marker)3[to] prevent; keep [sth] out; ward off; block4protective; resistant to; -proof5I; me (informal, male speech)6[to] set aside; reserve; earmarkในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ห้องเรียนhông riianห้องเรียนhông riianclassroomเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofทบทวนtóp-tuuanทบทวนtóp-tuuan1[to] review; revise (study)2[to] reconsider; re-examineคำศัพท์kam sàpคำศัพท์kam sàp1vocabulary; lexicon2word; vocabulary item; term
The kids play a back-and-forth question game in class to review vocabulary.
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ผู้ใช้pûu-cháiสามารถsǎa-mâatโต้dtôoข้อความkɔ̂ɔ-kwaamกับgàpบอตbɔ̀ɔtแบบเรียลไทม์bɛ̀ɛp-riian-taiผ่านpàanแอปแชตɛɛ-sɛ̀ɛtนี้níi
Users can exchange messages back and forth with the bot in real time through this chat app.
โครงการkroong-gaanนี้níiส่งเสริมsòng-sə̌əmให้hâiชุมชนchum-chonโต้dtôoเปลี่ยนความคิดbplìian-kwaam-kítเห็นhěnอย่างyàangสร้างสรรค์sâang-sǎnผ่านpàanเวิร์กชอปwə́ək-chɔ̀pและlɛ́กิจกรรมgìt-jà-gamแลกเปลี่ยนlɛ̂ɛk-bplìian
This project encourages communities to exchange ideas creatively through workshops and exchange activities.
แพลตฟอร์มplɛ̂ɛt-fɔɔmเปิดbpə̀ətให้hâiสมาชิกsà-maa-chíkโต้dtôoข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunและlɛ́ทรัพยากรsáp-pá-yaa-gɔɔnร่วมกันrûuam-ganเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaพัฒนาpát-tá-naaความรู้kwaam-rúuแบบbɛ̀ɛpมีส่วนร่วมmii-sùuan-rûuam
The platform allows members to exchange information and resources collectively to develop participatory knowledge.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai tho
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Falling tone
dtôo
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Mid class + Mai tho → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |