ทบทวน
tóp-tuuanMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] review; revise (study)
to go over lessons or materials again to strengthen memory or understanding
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)ทบทวนtóp-tuuanทบทวนtóp-tuuan1[to] review; revise (study)2[to] reconsider; re-examineคำศัพท์kam-sàpคำศัพท์kam-sàp1vocabulary; lexicon2word; vocabulary item; termทุกวันtúk-wanทุกวันtúk-wan1every day; daily2daily; occurring every day
I go over vocabulary every day.
3 more examplesShow less
Yesterday I went over the lesson before bed.
Tomorrow we will go over chapter one again.
ครูkruuให้เราhâi-raoทบทวนtóp-tuuanโน้ตnóotทั้งหมดtáng-mòtเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaทำความเข้าใจtam-kwaam-kâo-jaiแนวคิดหลักnɛɛo-kít-làkให้hâiแม่นmɛ̂nขึ้นkʉ̂n
The teacher had us go over all the notes to solidify our understanding of the main concepts.
2VerbB1
[to] reconsider; re-examine
to look at a decision, plan, or information again to check or possibly change it
Examples
ผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaanผู้จัดการpûu-jàt-gaan1manager; administrator2personal manager; handlerบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâiบอกให้bɔ̀ɔk-hâi[to] tell [sb] to [do sth]เราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)ทบทวนtóp-tuuanทบทวนtóp-tuuan1[to] review; revise (study)2[to] reconsider; re-examineแผนpɛ̌ɛnแผนpɛ̌ɛn1plan; strategy2scheme; plotอีกครั้งìik-krángอีกครั้งìik-krángagain; once moreก่อนgɔ̀ɔnก่อนgɔ̀ɔn1before; earlier; previously; first2previous; prior; formerส่งให้sòng-hâiส่งให้sòng-hâi[to] send [sth] to [sb]; [to] pass [sth] to [sb]ลูกค้าlûuk-káaลูกค้าlûuk-káacustomer; client
The manager told us to review the plan again before sending it to the client.
3 more examplesShow less
คณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanจะjàทบทวนtóp-tuuanมติmá-dtìเดิมdəəmเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaดูว่าduu-wâaควรkuuanแก้ไขgɛ̂ɛ-kǎiเงื่อนไขngʉ̂ʉan-kǎiบางbaangข้อkɔ̂ɔหรือไม่rʉ̌ʉ-mâi
The committee will revisit the original resolution to see whether certain conditions should be amended.
หลังlǎngได้dâaiข้อมูลkɔ̂ɔ-muunใหม่màiเราraoจำเป็นต้องjam-bpen-dtɔ̂ngทบทวนtóp-tuuanนโยบายná-yoo-baaiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaปรับbpràpให้hâiเหมาะกับmɔ̀-gàpสถานการณ์sà-tǎa-ná-gaan
After receiving new information, we need to review the policy to adjust it to the situation.
รัฐบาลrát-tà-baanประกาศbprà-gàatทบทวนtóp-tuuanสัญญาsǎn-yaaโครงการkroong-gaanทั้งหมดtáng-mòtโดยdooiเปิดช่องbpə̀ət-chɔ̂ngให้hâiแก้ไขgɛ̂ɛ-kǎiรายละเอียดraai-lá-ìiatที่tîiไม่mâiสอดคล้องกับsɔ̀ɔt-klɔ́ɔng-gàpผลpǒnประโยชน์สาธารณะbprà-yòot-sǎa-taa-rá-ná
The government announced a review of all project contracts, allowing for revisions to details that do not align with the public interest.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelEnds in -บ, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
tóp
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ทบtópทบtóp1Army (abbr.)2[to] fold over; double3cumulative; compounded; folded over4[to] double the stake; press a betArmy (abbr.)Part 1
+
ทวนtuuanทวนtuuan1[to] review; go over2[to] go against (flow/wind); go upstream3lance; spear; polearm4against; counter to (a direction or flow)[to] review; go overPart 2
ทบทวนtóp-tuuanทบทวนtóp-tuuan[to] review; revise (study)[to] review; revise (study)Word