เลี่ยม
lîiamMeanings
1VerbB2
[to] encase; [to] frame
to encase, frame, or edge something, typically with precious metal or plastic (commonly used for protecting and wearing Buddhist amulets)
Examples
ฉันchǎnฉันchǎn1I; me2[to] eat (of Buddhist monks and novices)3like; as (in the manner of)อยากyàakอยากyàak1[to] want; desire2to crave; to long forเอาaoเอาao1[to] take; get; pick2[to] want (request/ordering)3[to] use; employ4[to] bring/take (for use)5marker: adverse consequence6come on; all right; go ahead7[to] have sex (vulgar slang)8keep on (doing); on and on (V + เอา ๆ)พระเครื่องprá-krʉ̂ʉangพระเครื่องprá-krʉ̂ʉangBuddhist amulet; votive tabletองค์ongองค์ong1classifier: monks; royalty; deities; sacred statues2honorific prefix (royalty; deities; revered figures)3body (royal usage)4element; component (formal/technical)นี้níiนี้níi1this2this oneไปbpaiไปbpai1[to] go2away; off (directional complement/particle)3on; onward; continuously (aspect marker)4(aspect) completed; already past5too; excessivelyเลี่ยมlîiamเลี่ยมlîiam1[to] encase; [to] frame2shiny; smooth; polishedพลาสติกpláat-sà-dtìkพลาสติกpláat-sà-dtìk1plastic (material)2plastic (made of plastic)เพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiso that not; in order not to; to prevent [sth]โดนdoonโดนdoon1[to] hit; make contact with [sb/sth]2[to] get; be subjected to (passive, often negative)3[to] be hit; be struck; be affected4[to] hit the mark; be spot on (slang/colloq.)5for a long time (Isan)เหงื่อngʉ̀ʉaเหงื่อngʉ̀ʉa1sweat; perspiration2hard work; sweat (effort)จนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofพังpangพังpang1broken; not working2[to] break down; collapse; fall apart3ruined; a mess (plans/situations)4[to] demolish; wreck [sth]
I want to encase this amulet in plastic so it doesn't get damaged by sweat.
3 more examplesShow less
พ่อpɔ̂ɔเอาaoเหรียญrǐianเก่าgàoของkɔ̌ɔngปู่bpùuไปbpaiเลี่ยมlîiamทองtɔɔngที่tîiร้านขายทองráan-kǎai-tɔɔngในnaiตลาดdtà-làat
My father took my grandfather's old coin to be framed in gold at the jewelry shop in the market.
การgaanเลี่ยมlîiamพระpráแบบbɛ̀ɛpกันน้ำgan-náamต้องdtɔ̂ngอาศัยaa-sǎiฝีมือfǐi-mʉʉของkɔ̌ɔngช่างchâangผู้ชำนาญpûu-cham-naanเพื่อไม่ให้pʉ̂ʉa-mâi-hâiน้ำnáamซึมเข้าไปsʉm-kâo-bpaiทำลายtam-laaiเนื้อพระnʉ́ʉa-práด้านในdâan-nai
Encasing an amulet in a waterproof frame requires the skill of an expert craftsman so that water doesn't seep in and ruin the amulet inside.
เขาkǎoห้อยhɔ̂ɔiเขี้ยวkîiaoเสือsʉ̌ʉaเลี่ยมlîiamทองtɔɔngไว้wáiที่tîiคอkɔɔเพราะprɔ́มีmiiความเชื่อkwaam-chʉ̂ʉaว่าwâaจะjàช่วยchûuaiปกป้องคุ้มครองbpòk-bpɔ̂ng-kúm-krɔɔngให้hâiแคล้วคลาดklɛ́ɛo-klâatจากjàakอันตรายan-dtà-raai
He wore a gold-encased tiger fang around his neck because he believes it will protect him and keep him safe from danger.
2AdjectiveC1
shiny; smooth; polished
shiny, smooth, or polished, often because the surface has been rubbed, worn, or made neat
Examples
คนสวนkon-sǔuanคนสวนkon-sǔuangardener; groundskeeper; garden workerตัดdtàtตัดdtàt1[to] cut2[to] cut off; turn off; disconnect3[to] eliminate; remove4[to] edit; cut (media/text)5[to] deduct6[to] cross (a path); cut acrossหญ้าyâaหญ้าyâa1grass2weed; weedy vegetationที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerสนามsà-nǎamสนามsà-nǎam1field; court; pitch; ground2yard; open ground3area; sphere (of activity)4field (physics)หน้าบ้านnâa-bâanหน้าบ้านnâa-bâan1front of the house; frontage2front office; customer-facing sideเสียsǐiaเสียsǐia1broken; out of order2spoiled; ruined; gone bad3[to] pay4[to] lose; forfeit; waste5[to] die; pass away6particle marking emphasis, completion, or decisivenessเตียนdtiianเตียนdtiian1bare; cleared; open2[to] be bare; be clear of vegetationเลี่ยมlîiamเลี่ยมlîiam1[to] encase; [to] frame2shiny; smooth; polishedจนjonจนjon1poor2until; up to3so ... that; to the point ofดูduuดูduu1[to] look; watch; see2[to] examine; check; inspect3[to] seem; appear4try; have a go5[to] divine; tell fortune6[to] look after; watch; mindสะอาดตาsà-àat-dtaaสะอาดตาsà-àat-dtaavisually clean; neat-looking; easy on the eyes
The gardener cut the grass in the front yard completely smooth, making it look neat and clean.
3 more examplesShow less
เขาkǎoตั้งใจdtâng-jaiโกนหนวดเคราgoon-nùuat-kraoบนbonใบหน้าbai-nâaจนเกลี้ยงjon-glîiangเลี่ยมlîiamก่อนที่gɔ̀ɔn-tîiจะjàไปbpaiสัมภาษณ์งานsǎm-pâat-ngaanในnaiเช้าcháoวันนี้wan-níi
He carefully shaved his beard and mustache completely smooth before going to the job interview this morning.
ชาวบ้านchaao-bâanช่วยกันchûuai-ganถางtǎangวัชพืชwát-chá-pʉ̂ʉtที่tîiรกทึบrók-tʉ́pริมถนนrim-tà-nǒnจนjonเตียนdtiianเลี่ยมlîiamเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganไม่ให้mâi-hâiสัตว์sàtมีพิษmii-pítมาmaaซ่อนตัวsɔ̂ɔn-dtuuaในช่วงnai-chûuangฤดูฝนrʉ́-duu-fǒn
The villagers worked together to clear the overgrown weeds along the road until it was completely smooth, preventing venomous animals from hiding there during the rainy season.
ชายหนุ่มchaai-nùmแต่งตัวdtɛ̀ng-dtuuaภูมิฐานpuum-tǎanและlɛ́หวีผมwǐi-pǒmด้วยdûuaiน้ำมันnám-manจนjonเรียบrîiapเลี่ยมlîiamเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaไปbpaiเข้าร่วมงานkâo-rûuam-ngaanกาล่าgaa-lâaระดับไฮเอนด์rá-dàp-hai-eenในnaiค่ำคืนkâm-kʉʉnนี้níi
The young man dressed smartly and combed his hair with oil until it was perfectly smooth to attend the high-end gala tonight.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Falling tone
lîiam
Starts high, rises a little, then drops clearly.
Low class + Mai ek → Falling
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |