ปสาทะ
bpà-sǎa-táMeanings
1NounC2
faith; confidence; clarity
faith, confidence, or clear calmness of mind, especially in a religious or philosophical context
Examples
เมื่อmêuuaเมื่อmêuua1when; at the time that2at; in; on (with time expressions)เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillได้dâiได้dâi1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerฟังfangฟังfang1listen2heed3[to] sound; seem (to the ear)ธรรมเทศนาtam-má-têet-sà-năaธรรมเทศนาtam-má-têet-sà-năaBuddhist sermon; Dhamma talkจากjàakจากjàak1from; away from2[to] leave; depart; part from3nipa palmพระอาจารย์prá aa-jaanพระอาจารย์prá aa-jaanVenerable teacher (Buddhist monk)เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillก็gâwก็gâw1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerเกิดgèrtเกิดgèrt1to be born2to happen; occur; arise3born (indicating birthplace/time)4(colloq.) if it happens that; unexpectedlyปสาทะbpà-săa-táปสาทะbpà-săa-tá1faith; confidence; clarity2sense faculty; sensory sensitivityและláeและláeand (coordinating)ตัดสินใจdtàt-sĭn-jaiตัดสินใจdtàt-sĭn-jai[to] decideบวชbùuatบวชbùuat1[to] ordain; enter the monkhood2[to] take vows; become a nun (Buddhist)3[to] ordain [sb]; have [sb] ordainedเพื่อpêuuaเพื่อpêuua1for; in order to2for the sake of; on behalf ofศึกษาsèuk-săaศึกษาsèuk-săa1[to] study; learn2[to] research; investigate3[to] consider; look intoพระธรรมprá tamพระธรรมprá tam1the Dhamma; Buddha’s teachings2scriptural texts; canonical doctrine (Buddhism)
When he heard the sermon from the master, he developed faith and decided to ordain to study the Dhamma.
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ความเลื่อมใสkwaam-lʉ̂ʉam-sǎiหรือrʉ̌ʉปสาทะbpà-sǎa-táที่tîiประกอบด้วยbprà-gɔ̀ɔp-dûuaiปัญญาbpan-yaaจะjàช่วยให้chûuai-hâiพุทธศาสนิกชนpút-tá-sǎa-sà-ník-gà-chonไม่mâiตกไปdtòk-bpaiสู่sùuความเชื่อkwaam-chʉ̂ʉaที่tîiงมงายngom-ngaai
The devotion or faith that is accompanied by wisdom will help Buddhists avoid falling into blind belief.
การเจริญgaan jà-rernพุทธpútานุสสติsà-dtìอยู่yòoเนืองๆneuuang neuuangย่อมyômทำให้tam hâiจิตใจjìt jaiเกิดgèrtปสาทะbpà-săa-táและláeมีmeeความสงบkwaam sà-ngòpเยือกเย็นyêuuak yenท่ามกลางtâam glaangความวุ่นวายkwaam wûn waaiของkŏngโลกlôhk
Constantly recollecting the qualities of the Buddha naturally gives rise to serene confidence in the mind and brings cool tranquility amidst the chaos of the world.
อจลà-jonศรัทธาsàt-taaอันเป็นan-bpenปสาทะbpà-sǎa-táที่tîiหยั่งรากลึกyàng-râak-lʉ́kลงในlong-naiพระรัตนตรัยprá-rát-dtà-ná-dtraiอย่างyàangแน่วแน่nɛ̂ɛo-nɛ̂ɛย่อมyɔ̂mเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂nสมบูรณ์sǒm-buunก็ต่อเมื่อgɔ̂-dtɔ̀ɔ-mʉ̂ʉaบุคคลbùk-konนั้นnánได้dâaiบรรลุban-lúเป็นbpenพระโสดาบันprá-sǒo-daa-banแล้วlɛ́ɛo
Unshakeable faith, which is a serene confidence deeply and firmly rooted in the Triple Gem, is completely established only when a person has attained the state of a Stream-Enterer.
2NounC2
sense faculty; sensory sensitivity
the sensitive faculty or receptive quality of a sense organ, used as a technical term in Buddhist philosophy
Examples
ในทางnai-taangในทางnai-taangin terms of; in the field/aspect of [sth]อภิธรรมà-pí-tamอภิธรรมà-pí-tamAbhidhamma; higher doctrineการรับรู้gaan-ráp-rúuการรับรู้gaan-ráp-rúu1awareness; consciousness2perception (sensory/cognitive)3recognition (accounting/recording)ทางtaangทางtaang1way; route; road; path2direction; side3method; means; manner4by; via; through (means or channel)5classifier: roads/routes/ways6in terms of; in the field of7side/party (institutional)ตาdtaaตาdtaa1eye2grandfather (maternal)3elderly man; grandpa (informal)4grid square; mesh5turn (in a game)6eye (classifier for small holes/mesh openings)จะjàจะjà1will; shall (future/intention marker)2about to; going to (near future, often w/ กำลังจะ)3will; would (in conditional results)เกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂nเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂n[to] happen; occur; arise; emerge; come into beingได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toอาศัยaa-sǎiอาศัยaa-sǎi1[to] live; reside; stay2[to] rely on; depend on; make use of3by; by means of (formal)ปสาทะbpà-sǎa-táปสาทะbpà-sǎa-tá1faith; confidence; clarity2sense faculty; sensory sensitivityที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerทำหน้าที่tam-nâa-tîiทำหน้าที่tam-nâa-tîi1[to] perform duties; carry out responsibilities2[to] function; serve/act asรับrápรับráp1[to] receive; get2[to] accept3[to] pick up; collect4[to] admit; confess5[to] take (a call/order/job)6[to] host; welcome7[to] defend; resist an attack8[to] withstand; bear9bottom; receptive sexual partner (slang)แสงsɛ̌ɛngแสงsɛ̌ɛng1light2ray; beamและlɛ́และlɛ́and (coordinating)สีsǐiสีsǐi1color2paint3[to] rub; scrub; polish4flush (poker)5[to] mill; husk (rice)6[to] play (a bowed instrument)
In Abhidhamma, visual perception can occur only by relying on the sensitive faculty that functions to receive light and color.
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รูปารมณ์ruu-bpaa-romที่มาtîi-maaกระทบgrà-tópกับgàpปสาทะbpà-sǎa-táของkɔ̌ɔngตาdtaaจะเป็นjà-bpenปัจจัยbpàt-jaiให้เกิดhâi-gə̀ətจักขุวิญญาณjàk-kù-win-yaanหรือrʉ̌ʉการเห็นgaan-hěnตามdtaamกระบวนการgrà-buuan-gaanของkɔ̌ɔngจิตjìt
The visible object that strikes the sensitive faculty of the eye acts as a condition for the arising of eye-consciousness or seeing, according to the cognitive process.
ปสาทะbpà-sǎa-táรูปrûupทั้งtángห้าhâaได้แก่dâai-gɛ̀ɛตาdtaaหูhǔuจมูกjà-mùukลิ้นlínและlɛ́กายgaaiล้วนlúuanเป็นรูปธรรมbpen-rûup-bpà-tamที่tîiมีmiiความผ่องใสkwaam-pɔ̀ng-sǎiและlɛ́สามารถsǎa-mâatรับrápกระทบgrà-tópอารมณ์aa-romภายนอกpaai-nɔ̂ɔkได้dâai
The five sensitive materialities—eye, ear, nose, tongue, and body—are all physical phenomena that possess clarity and can receive the impact of external sense objects.
หากhàakโสตsòotปสาทะbpà-sǎa-táบกพร่องbòk-prɔ̂ɔngหรือrʉ̌ʉดับไปdàp-bpaiแม้mɛ́ɛจะjàมีmiiเสียงsǐiangโสตsòotวิญญาณwin-yaanก็gɔ̂ไม่อาจmâi-àatเกิดขึ้นgə̀ət-kʉ̂nได้dâaiเพราะprɔ́ขาดkàatรูปrûupอันเป็นan-bpenที่รองรับtîi-rɔɔng-rápการgaanกระทบgrà-tópของkɔ̌ɔngสัททารมณ์sàt-taa-rom
If the ear's sensitive faculty is defective or ceases, even if there is sound, ear-consciousness cannot arise, because it lacks the materiality that serves as the receptor for the impact of the sound object.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ปสาทะ said ปะ-สา-ทะ?
bpà-sǎa-tá
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
3 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
bpà
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |