ทน
tonMeanings
1VerbA2
[to] endure; tolerate; bear
to continue despite pain, hardship, or discomfort; to put up with something unpleasant
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillปวดฟันbpùuat-fanปวดฟันbpùuat-fan1toothache2[to] have a toothache; [to] have pain in a toothแต่dtɛ̀ɛแต่dtɛ̀ɛ1but; however (contrast)2only; just (restriction)3from; since (starting point)ต้องdtɔ̂ngต้องdtɔ̂ng1must; have to2must; bound toทนtonทนton1[to] endure; tolerate; bear2[to] withstand; resist3durable; resistant (of things)
He has a toothache, but he has to endure it.
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Last night I endured the cold all night because the air conditioner broke.
พรุ่งนี้prûng-níiต้องdtɔ̂ngทนtonรถติดrót-dtìtหน่อยnɔ̀iเพราะprɔ́มีmiiงานใหญ่ngaan-yàiในเมืองnai-mʉʉang
Tomorrow we’ll have to put up with some traffic because there’s a big event in the city.
เขาkǎoทนเสียงton-sǐiangก่อสร้างgɔ̀ɔ-sâangที่tîiดังdangทุกวันtúk-wanจนjonปวดหัวbpùuat-hǔuaแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangต้องdtɔ̂ngทำงานtam-ngaanต่อdtɔ̀ɔ
He puts up with the loud construction noise every day until he gets a headache, but he still has to keep working.
2VerbB1
[to] withstand; resist
to be able to stand up to pressure, heat, chemicals, use, etc.; often used with ทนต่อทนต่อton-dtɔ̀ɔ[to] withstand; be resistant to [sth] …
Examples
ถ้วยtûuaiถ้วยtûuai1cup; small bowl2classifier: cups; small bowls; trophy cups3trophy (cup)ใบbaiใบbai1leaf2sheet; slip; card; ticket; bill; receipt3classifier for leaves, paper items, containers, and certain other objects4license; permit; certificate5bladeนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ทนtonทนton1[to] endure; tolerate; bear2[to] withstand; resist3durable; resistant (of things)ความร้อนkwaam-rɔ́ɔnความร้อนkwaam-rɔ́ɔn1heat; hotness2heat (physics, transfer)3heat; thermal energy (nontechnical)ได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderใส่sàiใส่sài1[to] put in; [to] add2[to] wear; [to] put on3[to] include; [to] insert (data, settings)4[to] attack; [to] go at (colloq.)น้ำซุปnáam-súpน้ำซุปnáam-súpbroth; stockได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action markerสบายsà-baaiสบายsà-baai1comfortable; at ease2well; fine (health/state)3[to] be comfortable; feel at ease4easy; effortless
This bowl can withstand heat; it’s fine for holding soup.
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สีทาบ้านsǐi-taa-bâanชนิดchá-nítนี้níiทนต่อton-dtɔ̀ɔแดดdɛ̀ɛtและlɛ́ฝนfǒnเหมาะกับmɔ̀-gàpผนังpà-nǎngภายนอกpaai-nɔ̂ɔk
This type of paint is resistant to sun and rain, suitable for exterior walls.
ถุงมือยางtǔng-mʉʉ-yaangชนิดchá-nítพิเศษpí-sèetทนต่อton-dtɔ̀ɔสารเคมีsǎan-kee-miiจึงjʉngใช้cháiในnaiห้องทดลองhɔ̂ng-tót-lɔɔngได้dâai
Special rubber gloves are resistant to chemicals, so they can be used in laboratories.
แผ่นpɛ̀nกระจกgrà-jòkนิรภัยní-rá-paiถูกtùukออกแบบɔ̀ɔk-bɛ̀ɛpให้hâiทนtonแรงกระแทกrɛɛng-grà-tɛ̂ɛkสูงsǔungลดlótความเสี่ยงkwaam-sìiangต่อdtɔ̀ɔการgaanแตกกระจายdtɛ̀ɛk-grà-jaai
The safety glass is designed to withstand high impact, reducing the risk of shattering.
3AdjectiveB1
durable; resistant (of things)
able to withstand use, pressure, heat, chemicals, etc. without breaking or being damaged
Examples
แก้วgɛ̂ɛoแก้วgɛ̂ɛo1drinking glass2glass (material)3classifier: glasses of drink4crystal; precious gemนี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)ทำจากtam-jàakทำจากtam-jàak1[to] be made of/from [sth]2[to] make [sth] from [sth]สแตนเลสsà-dtɛɛn-lèetสแตนเลสsà-dtɛɛn-lèet1stainless steel2made of stainless steelทนtonทนton1[to] endure; tolerate; bear2[to] withstand; resist3durable; resistant (of things)ความร้อนkwaam-rɔ́ɔnความร้อนkwaam-rɔ́ɔn1heat; hotness2heat (physics, transfer)3heat; thermal energy (nontechnical)ได้ดีdâai-diiได้ดีdâai-diisucceed; do well
This cup is made of stainless steel and can withstand heat well.
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สีsǐiชนิดchá-nítนี้níiทนแดดton-dɛ̀ɛtและlɛ́ฝนfǒnจึงjʉngเหมาะกับmɔ̀-gàpการทาgaan-taaภายนอกpaai-nɔ̂ɔkอาคารaa-kaan
This type of paint withstands sun and rain, so it is suitable for exterior use.
พื้นยางpʉ́ʉn-yaangห้องครัวhɔ̂ng-kruuaทนต่อton-dtɔ̀ɔสารเคมีsǎan-kee-miiและlɛ́การขีดข่วนgaan-kìit-kùuanใช้งานchái-ngaanหนักnàkได้dâai
The rubber kitchen floor resists chemicals and scratches and can handle heavy use.
วัสดุwát-sà-dùคอมโพสิตkɔm-poo-sìtสูตรsùutใหม่màiนี้níiทนtonแรงอัดrɛɛng-àtสูงsǔungและlɛ́ไม่mâiเสียรูปsǐia-rûupเมื่อmʉ̂ʉaเจอjəəอุณหภูมิun-hà-puumที่tîiแกว่งgwɛ̀ɛngมากmâak
This new composite material withstands high compression and does not deform under wide temperature fluctuations.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
ton
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |