ติมิร
dtì-mí-ráMeanings
1NounC2
darkness; gloom
darkness; gloom (typically used in literary or poetic contexts)
Examples
แสงสว่างsăeng sà-wàangแสงสว่างsăeng sà-wàang1light; illumination2figurative: source of hope/guidanceแห่งhàengแห่งhàeng1of; belonging to (formal)2classifier: places/institutions3place; location (formal)รุ่งอรุณrûng à-runรุ่งอรุณrûng à-run1dawn; daybreak2new beginning; dawn of a new eraสาดส่องsàat sòngสาดส่องsàat sòng[to] cast/beam light on; illuminateลงมาlong maaลงมาlong maa1[to] come down; descend2down toward the speaker (directional complement)3[to] decrease; come down (to a level)4up to; [number] and underขับไล่kàp lâiขับไล่kàp lâi1[to] expel [sb]; deport [sb]2[to] repel [sb/sth]3[to] dispel [sth]ติมิรdtì-mí-ráติมิรdtì-mí-rá1darkness; gloom2eye diseaseที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerปกคลุมbpòk klumปกคลุมbpòk klum[to] cover; envelop; blanketผืนป่าpĕun bpàaผืนป่าpĕun bpàaa tract/expanse of forestมาตลอดmaa dtà-lòtมาตลอดmaa dtà-lòtall along; continuouslyทั้งคืนtáng keunทั้งคืนtáng keun1all night; the whole night2the entire night
The light of dawn shone down, dispelling the darkness that had covered the forest all night.
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กวีgà-weeบรรยายถึงban-yaai tĕungความรู้สึกkwaam róo-sèukสูญเสียsŏon sĭiaและláeโดดเดี่ยวdòht dìiaoผ่านpàanภาพพจน์pâap-pótของkŏngติมิรdtì-mí-ráที่têeกลืนกินgleuun ginแสงสว่างsăeng sà-wàangแห่งhàengความหวังkwaam wăng
The poet described the feelings of loss and loneliness through the imagery of darkness consuming the light of hope.
เมื่อmêuuaพายุpaa-yúแห่งhàengความขัดแย้งkwaam kàt yáengพัดผ่านpát pàanไปbpaiติมิรdtì-mí-ráที่têeครอบงำkrôp ngamจิตใจjìt jaiของkŏngชาวเมืองchaao meuuangก็gâwเริ่มrêrmจางหายไปjaang hăai bpai
When the storm of conflict passed, the gloom that had dominated the minds of the townspeople began to fade away.
ในnaiวรรณคดีโบราณwan-ná-ká-dee boh-raanติมิรdtì-mí-ráมักmákถูกtòokใช้cháiเป็นbpenสัญลักษณ์sàn-yá-lákเชิงcherngอุปมาùp-bpà-maaแทนtaenนิวรณ์ní-wonและláeอวิชชาà-wít-chaaที่têeบดบังbòt bangดวงduuangปัญญาbpan-yaaของkŏngมนุษย์má-nút
In ancient literature, darkness is often used as a metaphorical symbol for hindrances and ignorance that obscure human wisdom.
2NounC2
eye disease
a disease or disorder of the eyes, especially one causing dim or unclear sight
Examples
ผู้ป่วยpûu bpùuaiผู้ป่วยpûu bpùuaipatient; sick personที่têeที่têe1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerมีmeeมีmee1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoอาการaa-gaanอาการaa-gaan1symptom2state; condition3manner; comportmentตาdtaaตาdtaa1eye2grandfather (maternal)3elderly man; grandpa (informal)4grid square; mesh5turn (in a game)6eye (classifier for small holes/mesh openings)พร่ามัวprâa muuaพร่ามัวprâa muua1blurred; hazy; indistinct; dull2muffled; indistinct (sound)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)คัมภีร์kam-peeคัมภีร์kam-pee1scripture; sacred text2treatise; authoritative classicแพทย์แผนโบราณpâet păen boh-raanแพทย์แผนโบราณpâet păen boh-raantraditional medicine practitionerมักmákมักmák1often; usually2[to] tend to; usually [do sth]3fond of; inclined toถูกtòokถูกtòok1cheap; inexpensive2correct; right3[to] touch; come into contact with [sb/sth]4to be correct/right5proper; morally right6[to] be affected; suffer (often adverse)7passive marker (often adverse)วินิจฉัยwí-nít-chăiวินิจฉัยwí-nít-chăi1[to] adjudicate; decide2[to] diagnose3[to] determineว่าwâaว่าwâa1[to] say; tell2that (clause marker)3[to] think; consider; deem4[to] scold; reproach; criticizeเป็นโรคbpen rôhkเป็นโรคbpen rôhk[to] have a disease; suffer fromติมิรdtì-mí-ráติมิรdtì-mí-rá1darkness; gloom2eye disease
Patients with blurred vision in ancient traditional medicine texts were often diagnosed with timira disease.
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การรักษาgaan rák-săaอาการaa-gaanติมิรdtì-mí-ráตามdtaamตำรับยาdtam-ràp yaaอายุรเวทaa-yú-rá-wâytจะjàเน้นnénไปที่bpai têeการใช้gaan cháiสมุนไพรsà-mŭn praiเพื่อpêuuaปรับสมดุลbpràp sŏm-dunธาตุtâatในnaiร่างกายrâang gaai
Treating timira according to Ayurvedic medicine recipes focuses on using herbs to balance the body's elements.
หมอยาmŏ yaaในสมัยก่อนnai sà-măi gònจัดให้jàt hâiติมิรdtì-mí-ráเป็นหนึ่งbpen nèungในnaiโรคตาrôhk dtaaที่têeต้องdtôngได้รับdâi rápการรักษาgaan rák-săaอย่างทันท่วงทีyàang tan tûuang teeเพื่อpêuuaป้องกันbpông ganภาวะpaa-wáตาบอดdtaa bòt
Healers in the old days classified timira as one of the eye diseases that required prompt treatment to prevent blindness.
คัมภีร์kam-peeเวชศาสตร์wêt-chá-sàatระบุrá-bùถึงtĕungสsมุmúฏdtorฐานtăanของkŏngโรคrôhkติมิรdtì-mí-ráว่าwâaเกิดจากgèrt jàakความผิดปกติkwaam pìt-bpà-gà-dtìของkŏngธาตุลมtâat lomที่têeกำเริบgam-rêrpไปbpaiกระทบgrà-tópเส้นประสาทตาsên bprà-sàat dtaa
Medical treatises state that the etiology of the timira disease is caused by an aggravation of the wind element affecting the optic nerve.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableA short vowel with no final consonant, so it is dead.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + No tone mark + Dead syllable → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |