ด่าง
dàangMeanings
1AdjectiveB2
alkaline; basic
having the chemical property of a base; not acidic (e.g., alkaline solution, lye)
Examples
สารละลายsǎan-lá-laaiสารละลายsǎan-lá-laaisolution (chemistry)นี้níiนี้níi1this (near speaker)2this one3this; the present (time/topic)มีmiiมีmii1[to] have; possess2there is/are; exist3[to] experience; undergoความเป็นด่างkwaam-bpen-dàangความเป็นด่างkwaam-bpen-dàangalkalinityสูงsǔungสูงsǔung1tall; high (physical height)2high (degree/level/price/rank)3up; to a high position4advanced; elevated (abstract)จึงjʉngจึงjʉng1therefore; so; thus2only then; then (as a result)ไม่ควรmâi-kuuanไม่ควรmâi-kuuan1should not; ought not2inappropriate; improperสัมผัสsǎm-pàtสัมผัสsǎm-pàt1[to] touch; come into contact2touch; physical contact3impression; sense (figurative)4[to] feel; sense; experience [sth] firsthand5[to] rhyme; correspond in sound (poetry)6rhyme or alliteration (poetic device)ด้วยdûuaiด้วยdûuai1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooมือเปล่าmʉʉ-bplàaoมือเปล่าmʉʉ-bplàao1bare-handed; unarmed2empty-handed
This solution is highly alkaline, so it should not be touched with bare hands.
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ถ้าtâaน้ำnáamในnaiตู้dtûuปลาด่างbplaa-dàangเกินไปgəən-bpaiปลาbplaaจะjàเครียดkrîiatและlɛ́กินginอาหารaa-hǎanน้อยลงnɔ́ɔi-long
If the water in the aquarium is too alkaline, the fish will be stressed and eat less.
นักเรียนnák-riianทดลองtót-lɔɔngปรับสภาพbpràp-sà-pâapน้ำnáamให้hâiด่างdàangเล็กน้อยlék-nɔ́ɔiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaทดสอบtót-sɔ̀ɔpอัตราàt-dtraaการละลายgaan-lá-laaiของkɔ̌ɔngสารsǎan
The students adjusted the water to slightly alkaline to test the dissolution rate of the substance.
เราraoควรkuuanเลือกlʉ̂ʉakผงซักฟอกpǒng-sák-fɔ̂ɔkที่tîiไม่mâiด่างdàangจัดjàtเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaหลีกเลี่ยงlìik-lîiangการทำลายgaan-tam-laaiเส้นใยsên-yaiผ้าpâaและlɛ́ระคายเคืองrá-kaai-kʉʉangผิวหนังpǐu-nǎng
We should choose detergent that is not too alkaline to avoid damaging fabric fibers and irritating the skin.
2NounB2
alkali; base (substance)
a basic substance or alkali such as lye; often used in cleaning or soap-making
Examples
แม่mɛ̂ɛแม่mɛ̂ɛ1mother; mom2form of address for a woman (traditional/familiar)3prefix: female; main; baseเตือนdtʉʉanเตือนdtʉʉan1[to] remind2[to] warn3[to] caution; admonishให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)ระวังrá-wangระวังrá-wang1[to] be careful; take care2watch out!; caution!3[to] watch out for; guard againstด่างdàangด่างdàang1alkaline; basic2alkali; base (substance)3mottled; blotchy; bleachedตอนdtɔɔnตอนdtɔɔn1section; part2episode; chapter3when; at the time (of)4time segment; period5classifier for sections, chapters, or episodesทำtamทำtam1[to] do; make2[to] act; behave3[to] cook; prepare food4[to] do; carry out (work)5[to] cause; makeน้ำnáamน้ำnáam1water2liquid; fluid3juice; extract4sauce; broth5bodily fluid (in compounds)6served with broth7empty words; fillerสบู่sà-bùuสบู่sà-bùu1soap2classifier: ก้อนเพราะprɔ́เพราะprɔ́1because2because of; due to3melodious; pleasant-soundingมันmanมันman1it (thing/animal)2greasy; oily; fatty3fun; thrilling; highly entertaining4he/she (colloquial, impolite)5starchy tuber; tuberous crop6fat; grease7shiny; glossy8creamy; rich (texture/taste)กัดgàtกัดgàt1[to] bite2[to] corrode; [to] etch3[to] sting; [to] irritate (skin)4caustic; irritating (to skin)5[to] mill (machining)ผิวpǐuผิวpǐu1skin2surface3complexion; skin toneได้dâaiได้dâai1okay; sure; agreed2[to] get; obtain; receive3can; [to] be able to; may4[to] manage to; succeed in5actualized-action marker
Mom warned to be careful with lye when making soapy water because it can burn the skin.
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ในnaiสูตรsùutทำtamสบู่sà-bùuโฮมเมดhoom-mêetต้องdtɔ̂ngละลายlá-laaiด่างdàangให้hâiถูกวิธีtùuk-wí-tiiเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaความปลอดภัยkwaam-bplɔ̀ɔt-pai
In the homemade soap recipe, lye must be dissolved properly for safety.
ช่างchângทำtamสบู่ชั่งsà-bùu-chângด่างdàangอย่างแม่นยำyàang-mɛ̂n-yamเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaควบคุมkûuap-kumปฏิกิริยาbpà-dtì-gì-rí-yaaสะsàพอpɔɔนิníฟิfíเคkeeชันchanให้hâiสมบูรณ์sǒm-buun
The soap maker measures lye precisely to control the saponification reaction to completion.
การใช้gaan-cháiด่างเข้มข้นdàang-kêm-kônทำความสะอาดtam-kwaam-sà-àatคราบkrâapไขมันkǎi-manต้องdtɔ̂ngสวมsǔuamถุงมือtǔng-mʉʉและlɛ́แว่นตาwɛ̂ɛn-dtaaป้องกันbpɔ̂ng-ganเสมอsà-mə̌ə
Using concentrated alkali to clean grease stains always requires wearing gloves and protective goggles.
3AdjectiveB2
mottled; blotchy; bleached
having uneven color with pale or discolored patches, as if bleached or stained
Examples
เสื้อsʉ̂ʉaเสื้อsʉ̂ʉa1shirt; top2jacket; coat3classifier: ตัวที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerตากแดดdtàak-dɛ̀ɛtตากแดดdtàak-dɛ̀ɛt1[to] sun‑dry; dry [sth] in the sun2[to] be out in the sun; expose oneself to sunlightนานเกินไปnaan-gəən-bpaiนานเกินไปnaan-gəən-bpai1for too long2too long (in duration)เริ่มrə̂əmเริ่มrə̂əm1[to] start; begin2[to] start to; begin toด่างdàangด่างdàang1alkaline; basic2alkali; base (substance)3mottled; blotchy; bleachedเป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ปื้นbpʉ̂ʉnปื้นbpʉ̂ʉnblotch; patch; smear (stain/mark)
The shirt left in the sun too long has started to become patchy and faded.
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The carpet was stained by the solution, leaving clearly visible discolored spots.
ผนังpà-nǎngที่tîiโดนdoonความชื้นkwaam-chʉ́ʉnตลอดdtà-lɔ̀ɔtฤดูฝนrʉ́-duu-fǒnกลายเป็นglaai-bpenด่างdàangและlɛ́เป็นbpenคราบkrâapกระจายgrà-jaaiทั่วtûua
The wall exposed to moisture throughout the rainy season became blotchy and discolored with stains spreading everywhere.
ภาพถ่ายpâap-tàaiเก่าgàoถูกtùukเก็บgèpไม่ดีmâi-diiจนjonสีซีดsǐi-sîitด่างdàangบางส่วนbaang-sùuanขาวโพลนkǎao-ploonเหมือนmʉ̌ʉanถูกtùukฟอกfɔ̂ɔk
The old photograph was poorly stored, causing the colors to fade unevenly, with some parts bleached white.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markMai ek
- Syllable endingLive syllableNot needed here: the tone mark decides.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Low tone
dàang
Starts low and stays low, easing slightly down.
Mid class + Mai ek → Low
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |