ดุน
dunMeanings
1VerbB1
[to] push; [to] nudge
to push, press, or nudge something, often with the head, nose, or a tool.
Examples
แมวmɛɛoแมวmɛɛocatของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnของฉันkɔ̌ɔng-chǎnmy; mineชอบchɔ̂ɔpชอบchɔ̂ɔp1[to] like; be fond of2tend to; usually3be proper; be fitting (formal)ใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderหัวhǔuaหัวhǔua1head (body part)2top; end; tip3leader; chief; head4mind; mentality; way of thinking5classifier: head-like items; bulbs; heads of nails/pins6header; title; headline7beginning; initial part8[to] laugh (Isan; archaic in standard Thai)มาmaaมาmaa1[to] come; arrive2[to] come to (a state or situation)3past/as of now aspect markerดุนdunดุนdun1[to] push; [to] nudge2[to] embossขาkǎaขาkǎa1leg (body part)2leg/foot (of furniture or object)3polite calling or answering particle (female speech)4classifier: legs (of animals/objects)5enthusiast; regular; participantเวลาที่wee-laa-tîiเวลาที่wee-laa-tîithe time whenมันmanมันman1it (thing/animal)2greasy; oily; fatty3fun; thrilling; highly entertaining4he/she (colloquial, impolite)5starchy tuber; tuberous crop6fat; grease7shiny; glossy8creamy; rich (texture/taste)หิวhǐuหิวhǐu1hungry2[to] be hungry; feel hungry
My cat likes to nudge my leg with its head when it's hungry.
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สุนัขsù-nákตัวนั้นdtuua-nánฉลาดchà-làatมากmâakมันmanใช้cháiจมูกjà-mùukดุนdunประตูbprà-dtuuให้hâiเปิดbpə̀ətเองeengได้dâai
That dog is very smart; it can nudge the door open by itself with its nose.
เขาkăoใช้cháiไขควงkăi kuuangค่อยๆkôi kôiดุนdunชิ้นส่วนchín sùuanเล็กๆlék lékที่têeติดอยู่dtìt yòoออกมาòk maa
He used a screwdriver to gently push out the small part that was stuck.
ช้างcháangใช้cháiงาngaaของมันkŏng manดุนdunต้นไม้dtôn máaiเบาๆbao baoเพื่อpêuuaเขย่าkà-yàoให้ผลhâi pŏnไม้máiหล่นlònลงมาlong maa
The elephant used its tusks to gently nudge the tree, shaking it to make the fruit fall down.
2VerbC1
[to] emboss
to create a raised design on a surface, such as metal, by hammering from the reverse side.
Examples
ช่างฝีมือchâang fĕe meuuช่างฝีมือchâang fĕe meuuartisan; craftsperson; skilled tradespersonกำลังgam-langกำลังgam-lang1currently; in the middle of2power; strength3power (physics)4troops; forcesค่อยๆkôi kôiค่อยๆkôi kôi1slowly; gently2gradually; little by littleดุนdunดุนdun1[to] push; [to] nudge2[to] embossแผ่นpàenแผ่นpàen1sheet; slab; panel2classifier for flat items3disc; recordเงินngernเงินngern1money2funds; finances3silver (metal)ให้hâiให้hâi1[to] give; provide2[to] allow; let; permit3to; for [sb] (recipient)4[to] have [sb] do; cause to5for (benefit of)6so that; in order to7until; to the point that (result)เป็นbpenเป็นbpen1to be (identity/category/state)2to become3[to] know how; be able to (skill)4alive; living5[to] have; suffer from; be in (a condition)ลวดlûuatลวดlûuatwire (metal strand)ลายดอกไม้laai dòk máaiลายดอกไม้laai dòk máaifloral pattern; floral printอย่างสวยงามyàang sŭuai ngaamอย่างสวยงามyàang sŭuai ngaambeautifully
The artisan is slowly embossing a silver sheet into a beautiful floral pattern.
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เทคนิคték-nìkการgaanดุนdunโลหะloo-hàต้องdtɔ̂ngอาศัยaa-sǎiทั้งtángความชำนาญkwaam-cham-naanและlɛ́ความอดทนkwaam-òt-tonสูงsǔungเพื่อpʉ̂ʉaสร้างสรรค์sâang-sǎnลวดลายlûuat-laaiที่tîiนูนnuunขึ้นkʉ̂nมาจากmaa-jàakพื้นผิวpʉ́ʉn-pǐuได้dâaiอย่างyàangมีมิติmii-mí-dtì
The metal repoussé technique requires both high skill and patience to create a pattern that stands out from the surface with dimension.
ขันkǎnเงินngənใบbaiนี้níiเป็นbpenงานศิลปะngaan-sǐn-lá-bpàชั้นครูchán-kruuแสดงให้เห็นถึงsà-dɛɛng-hâi-hěn-tʉ̌ngฝีมือfǐi-mʉʉการgaanดุนdunลายกนกlaai-gà-nòkที่tîiอ่อนช้อยɔ̀ɔn-chɔ́ɔiและlɛ́ประณีตบรรจงbprà-nîit-ban-jong
This silver bowl is a masterpiece, showcasing exquisite and delicate craftsmanship in its embossed Kanok pattern.
การgaanดุนdunลายlaaiบนbonเครื่องประดับkrʉ̂ʉang-bprà-dàpโบราณboo-raanไม่เพียงแต่mâi-piiang-dtɛ̀ɛเพิ่มpə̂əmความงดงามkwaam-ngót-ngaamแต่ยังdtɛ̀ɛ-yangสะท้อนถึงsà-tɔ́ɔn-tʉ̌ngคติความเชื่อká-dtì-kwaam-chʉ̂ʉaและlɛ́สถานะsà-tǎa-náทางสังคมtaang-sǎng-komของkɔ̌ɔngผู้สวมใส่pûu-sǔuam-sàiในnaiยุคyúkนั้นnánด้วยdûuai
Embossing designs on ancient ornaments not only added beauty but also reflected the beliefs and social status of the wearer in that era.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classMid class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableEnds in -น, a sonorant, so it is live.
Mid class consonants
กจฎฏดตบปอ
Result
Mid tone
dun
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Mid class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |