ยุค
yúkMeanings
1NounA2
era; age; period
a span of time marked by particular events, conditions, or characteristics
Examples
เราraoเราrao1we; us2I; me (informal/regional)กำลังgam-langกำลังgam-lang1currently; in the middle of2power; strength3power (physics)4troops; forcesอยู่ในyùu-naiอยู่ในyùu-nai[to] be in [somewhere]ยุคดิจิทัลyúk-dì-jì-tâlยุคดิจิทัลyúk-dì-jì-tâlthe digital era; the digital age
We are living in the digital era.
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In the era of war, people lived cautiously.
The COVID era made many companies work from home.
ยุคyúkที่tîiพลังงานสะอาดpá-lang-ngaan-sà-àatเติบโตdtə̀əp-dtooอย่างรวดเร็วyàang-rûuat-reoกำลังgam-langกำหนดgam-nòtทิศทางtít-taangเศรษฐกิจโลกsèet-tà-gìt-lôok
The era in which clean energy is rapidly growing is shaping the direction of the global economy.
2NounB1
generation; one’s time
the period associated with a generation or with the time in which someone lives
Examples
ผมpǒmผมpǒm1I; me (male speaker, polite)2hair (on the head)โตdtooโตdtoo1[to] grow; mature2big; large; grown-upในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ยุคyúkยุคyúk1era; age; period2generation; one’s timeที่tîiที่tîi1place; spot; seat; space2at; in; to (a place)3classifier: places; seats; individual servings4that/which/who (relative marker)5when; the time that (time marker)6ordinal markerยังyangยังyang1still; continuing2not yet (with ไม่)3yet? (question use)4still/even (emphatic degree)ใช้cháiใช้chái1[to] use; employ2[to] spend (money); pay; expend3[to] require; take (time/effort/amount)4[to] tell [sb] to do [sth]; assign; orderโทรศัพท์บ้านtoo-rá-sàp-bâanโทรศัพท์บ้านtoo-rá-sàp-bâanlandline phone; home phone
I grew up in an era when landline phones were still used.
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เธอterบอกว่าbòk wâaในnaiยุคyúkของkŏngเธอterเด็กๆdèk dèkอ่านàanการ์ตูนgaa dtoonจากjàakหนังสือnǎng-sĕuไม่ใช่mâi châiมือถือmeuu tĕuu
She said that in her generation, kids read comics from books, not phones.
เพลงpleengนี้níiดังมากdang-mâakในnaiยุคyúkที่tîiพวกเราpûuak-raoยังyangเรียนriianมหาวิทยาลัยmá-hǎa-wít-tá-yaa-lai
This song was very popular in the era when we were still in university.
ในnaiยุคyúkที่têeเขาkăoทำงานtam ngaanใหม่ๆmài màiคนkonยังyangส่งsòngจดหมายjòt măaiกันganอยู่yòoก่อนที่gòn têeอีเมลee-maynจะเป็นjà bpenเรื่องปกติrêuuang bpòk-gà-dtì
In the era when he first started working, people still sent letters before email became the norm.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingDead syllableShort vowelEnds in -ค, a stop, so it is dead.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
High tone
yúk
Starts high and keeps climbing.
Low class + No tone mark + Dead syllable · Short vowel → High
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |