ลำพัง
lam-pangMeanings
1AdverbA2
alone; by oneself
Without anyone else; by oneself (e.g., อยู่ลำพัง ‘live alone’).
Examples
เขาkăoเขาkăo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillอยู่yòoอยู่yòo1[to] live; reside; stay2to be (located); be at3progressive/continuative marker4to exist; remainลำพังlam-pangลำพังlam-pang1alone; by oneself2on one’s own; without help3only; merely; alone (limiting)ในnaiในnai1in; inside; within2during; in (time)3of; belonging to (formal)ห้องhôngห้องhông1room2classifier: roomsเล็กๆlék lékเล็กๆlék lék1small; little; tiny (softened by reduplication)2slightly; a little
He lives alone in a small room.
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ช่วงchûuangสัปดาห์นี้sàp-daa-níiฉันchǎnต้องdtɔ̂ngกินข้าวgin-kâaoลำพังlam-pangเพราะprɔ́เพื่อนpʉ̂ʉanไปbpaiต่างจังหวัดdtàang-jang-wàt
This week I have to eat by myself because my friend is out of town.
Grandma likes to garden by herself behind the house in the morning.
แม้mɛ́ɛจะjàเคยชินkəəi-chinกับgàpการอยู่gaan-yùuลำพังlam-pangแต่dtɛ̀ɛบางbaangคืนkʉʉnเธอtəəก็gɔ̂คิดถึงkít-tʉ̌ngเสียงsǐiangผู้คนpûu-kon
Though she’s used to living alone, some nights she misses the sound of people.
2AdverbB1
on one’s own; without help
Without help or support; done by oneself.
Examples
เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillซ่อมsɔ̂mซ่อมsɔ̂m[to] repair; fixจักรยานjàk-grà-yaanจักรยานjàk-grà-yaanbicycle; bikeด้วยdûuaiด้วยdûuai1with; together with2also; too; as well3by; by means of; using4because of; due to5because; since (formal/literary)6request particle; please; tooลำพังlam-pangลำพังlam-pang1alone; by oneself2on one’s own; without help3only; merely; alone (limiting)ไม่mâiไม่mâi1not (negator)2no (reply)ขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâiขอให้kɔ̌ɔ-hâi1May ...; I wish that ...2to request that; to ask thatใครkraiใครkrai1who2anyone; whoeverช่วยchûuaiช่วยchûuai1[to] help; assist [sb/sth]2please (request marker)3[to] save; rescue [sb]
He repaired the bicycle by himself without asking anyone for help.
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ฉันchǎnยื่นเอกสารyʉ̂ʉn-èek-gà-sǎanทั้งหมดtáng-mòtเสร็จsètภายในpaai-naiวันเดียวwan-diiaoด้วยdûuaiลำพังlam-pangแม้mɛ́ɛคิวยาวkiu-yaaoมากmâak
I submitted all the documents in one day on my own, even though the line was very long.
โครงการkroong-gaanนี้níiผมpǒmทำtamด้วยdûuaiลำพังlam-pangตั้งแต่dtâng-dtɛ̀ɛค้นข้อมูลkón-kɔ̂ɔ-muunจนถึงjon-tʉ̌ngเขียนkǐianรายงานraai-ngaan
I did this project by myself from research to writing the report.
เธอterฝ่าfàaปัญหาbpan-hăaทางการเงินtaang gaan ngernด้วยdûuayลำพังlam-pangโดยdoiค่อยๆkôi kôiวางแผนwaang păenหาhăaงานเสริมngaan sĕrmและláeต่อรองdtò rongหนี้nêeอย่างyàangมีmeeวินัยwí-nai
She overcame her financial problems on her own by gradually planning, taking side jobs, and negotiating debts with discipline.
3AdverbB2
only; merely; alone (limiting)
Limits consideration to the specified person or thing alone, without anything additional (e.g., ลำพังคำพูดก็ทำให้เสียใจได้ ‘words alone can hurt’).
Examples
คำพูดkam-pûutคำพูดkam-pûut1what someone says; remarks2one's word; promise3wording; phrasingลำพังlam-pangลำพังlam-pang1alone; by oneself2on one’s own; without help3only; merely; alone (limiting)ก็gɔ̂ก็gɔ̂1also; too2then; so (sequence/result)3conditional marker (if… then…)4well; after all (emphasis/justification)5topic/resumption markerทำให้tam-hâiทำให้tam-hâi1[to] make; cause [sb/sth] to [do/be sth]; render2[to] do/make [sth] for [sb]เขาkǎoเขาkǎo1he; him2she; her3they; them (context-dependent)4horn5mountain; hillน้ำตาnáam-dtaaน้ำตาnáam-dtaatear; tearsคลอklɔɔคลอklɔɔ1tearful; brimming with tears2[to] accompany softly (music)3[to] be close alongside; to go withแล้วlɛ́ɛoแล้วlɛ́ɛo1already; now (as of this point)2then; and then; after that3already; completed-action marker4and; and then (linking clauses)
The words alone were enough to bring tears to his eyes.
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เสียงหัวเราะsǐiang-hǔua-rɔ́ลำพังlam-pangก็gɔ̂ช่วยchûuaiเปลี่ยนบรรยากาศbplìian-ban-yaa-gàatให้hâiสดใสsòt-sǎiขึ้นkʉ̂n
The laughter alone helped brighten the atmosphere.
หลักฐานlàk-tǎanภาพถ่ายpâap-tàaiลำพังlam-pangก็gɔ̂เพียงพอpiiang-pɔɔที่จะtîi-jàทำให้tam-hâiคณะกรรมการká-ná-gam-má-gaanทบทวนtóp-tuuanคำตัดสินkam-dtàt-sǐn
The photographic evidence alone was enough to make the committee reconsider the verdict.
คำเตือนkam dteuuanลำพังlam-pangอาจàatไม่หยุดmâi yùtพฤติกรรมprút-dtì-gamเสี่ยงsìiangหากhàakไม่มีmâi meeมาตรการmâat-dtrà gaanตามมาdtaam maaที่ชัดเจนtêe chát jayn
Warnings alone may not stop risky behavior if there are no clear follow-up measures.
Tones
See how the spelling sets each syllable's tone, step by step.
Why is ลำพัง said ลัม-พัง?
lam-pang
The tone rules below use the spoken syllables.
2 syllables · pick one to see its rule
How the tone is decided
- Consonant classLow class
- Tone markNo tone mark
- Syllable endingLive syllableThe vowel ำ hides a final -ม, so it is live.
Low class consonants
คฅฆงชซฌญฑฒณทธนพฟภมยรลวฬฮ
Result
Mid tone
lam
Level, in your normal speaking voice.
Low class + No tone mark + Live syllable → Mid
Tone chart
Every class and spelling pattern, with this syllable outlined.
| Mid class | High class | Low class | |
|---|---|---|---|
| No mark + live | Mid | Rising | Mid |
| No mark + dead short | Low | Low | High |
| No mark + dead long | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai ek | Low | Low | Falling |
| Mai tho | Falling | Falling | High |
| Mai tri | High | — | — |
| Mai chattawa | Rising | — | — |
Word Breakdown
ลำlamลำlam1classifier: boats; ships; aircraft; rockets; some musical instruments2classifier: beams/rays of light; laser3shaft; trunk; stalk; hull/body (of boat or instrument)4beam; ray (of light)5delicious; tasty (Northern Thai)6[to] sing; chant traditional verse (Isan)classifier: boats; ships; aircraft; rockets; some musical instrumentsPart 1
+
พังpangพังpang1broken; not working2[to] break down; collapse; fall apart3ruined; a mess (plans/situations)4[to] demolish; wreck [sth]broken; not workingPart 2
ลำพังlam-pangลำพังlam-pangalone; by oneselfalone; by oneselfWord